RU2056135C1 - Multistaged separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil, gas, chemical and other industries. SUBSTANCE: multistage separator has: vertical body; inlet chamber; located in series along gas motion direction - stage of centrifugal separation, that has great number of located in parallel to straight running cyclone members, and stage of inertial separation, that has great number of inertial separation members overlapping body passage cross-section. Inlet chamber has swirling apparatus. Stage of inertial section is made in the form of plate with longitudinal windows provided with inclined canopies. In the case inertial separation members are mounted vertically on plate with their upper butt touching canopy. EFFECT: increased productivity. 4 cl, 9 dwg -

Description

 The invention relates to the field of gas and liquid purification from solid and liquid impurities and can be used in the oil, gas, chemical and other industries.

 There are various designs of separators containing a housing with phase inlet and outlet pipes and separating elements located inside the housing [1, 2, 3] These separators are mainly used for gas purification with a relatively low content of the liquid phase and are characterized by the cyclic nature of the operation, since it is necessary periodically clean the separating elements, which reduces productivity and work efficiency.

 Also known are capacitors for separating gas-liquid mixtures, containing a housing with nozzles for supplying a gas-liquid mixture, gas and liquid outlet, inside of which separation stages with separating elements are placed [4, 5] The kinetic energy of the gas-liquid flow is not used in the design of these separators, which reduces the efficiency the separation process, while the known devices have significant dimensions.

 The closest to the claimed separator in terms of features (both the design has functionally different stages of separation and for the intended purpose) is a separator containing a casing with nozzles for supplying a gas-liquid mixture, for venting gas and liquid, inside of which separation stages with separating elements are placed [6] In this separator, intensification of the separation of gas and liquid is achieved due to the combined action of centrifugal forces, as well as surface tension forces.

 However, the performance of such a separator is relatively low, since the separation process is not intensive enough due to the presence of separation stages, working due to surface tension forces and purely gravitational forces.

 This invention is aimed at solving the problem of ensuring reliable and efficient operation of a multi-stage separator, especially at high flow rates of gas-liquid mixtures.

 The solution to this problem is ensured by the fact that in a multi-stage separator containing a vertical casing, an inlet chamber, a centrifugal separation stage arranged in series along the gas, including a plurality of in-line cyclone elements arranged in parallel, and an inertial separation stage including a plurality of inertial separation elements overlapping the passage section of the casing , according to the invention, the input chamber is equipped with a twisting device, the inertial separation stage is made in the form of a plate with longitudinal windows equipped with inclined visors, while the inertial separation elements are mounted vertically on the plate, with the upper end adjacent to the visor.

 In addition, the swirling device can be made in the form of a flow inlet pipe tangentially attached to the input chamber, and the input chamber is located in the lower part of the housing. Additionally, the inlet chamber can be located in the upper part of the housing and provided with an axial flow inlet nozzle, and the swirling device is made in the form of a disk with blades and a conical protrusion in the center on the side facing the inlet nozzle.

 The technical result of using the claimed separator is to increase the performance and reliability of the multi-stage separator due to the rational use of the kinetic energy of the gas-liquid mixture flow during phase separation and to reduce the likelihood of clogging of the separating elements with resinous substances contained in the separated mixture.

 In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the claimed multi-stage separator, a longitudinal section, with a direct-flow phase flow diagram; figure 2 is the same with the countercurrent flow diagram of the phases; figure 3 section aa in figure 1; figure 4 section BB in figure 3; figure 5 shows a fragment of the separator, a longitudinal section (cleaning stage); figure 6 section bb in figure 1; in Fig.7 section GG in Fig.1; in FIG. 8 is a view along arrow D in FIG. 7; in Fig.9 node I in Fig.2.

 A multi-stage separator with a direct-flow gas and liquid flow diagram (in this example, the gas-liquid mixture moves from top to bottom, see Fig. 1) contains a vertical housing 1 with an axial nozzle 2 for supplying a gas-liquid mixture, which is located coaxially with the housing 1, nozzles 3 and 4 of the gas outlet respectively and liquids.

 In the housing 1 below the input 2, for example, on the supports from the corners a twisting device 5 is installed, made in the form of a housing facing the axial pipe 2, with guide plates 7 fixed on its upper surface. The twisting device 5 and the pipe 2 form the input stage of the separator. On the support ring (not shown in the drawing) below the inlet stage there is a blind plate 8 with a plurality of parallel-flow cyclone elements arranged in the form of shells 9 with swirlers 10. Shells 9 are installed with a clearance a relative to the blade plate 8 and a radial clearance b with respect to their coaxial the inner shells 11, forming together with the overflow pipe 12, a water seal for the separated liquid. Below the plate 8, a plate 13 is installed on the support ring with inertial separation elements made in the form of string separators 14, which are multilayer string packages, while the packages of separators 14 are installed with overlapping longitudinal windows 15 (Fig. 5) formed by guide plates 16, obliquely the plates 13 are fixed to the canvas 13. To collect and drain the separated liquid, the string separators are equipped with grooves 17 and an overflow pipe 18, which form a water trap for the separated liquid.

 In an embodiment of a multi-stage separator with a countercurrent flow pattern of gas and liquid (in this case, the gas-liquid mixture moves from bottom to top, see Fig. 2), the inlet stage of the separator is made in the form of a flow inlet pipe 2 connected to the inlet chamber, while the said pipe 2 is located in the lower part of the separator above the outlet pipe 4 of the purified liquid, and the gas outlet pipe 3 is located in the upper part of the housing 1.

 The multi-stage separator operates as follows: gas with condensate enters through the input pipe 2 and enters the cone 6 and plate 7 of the twisting device, is twisted and discarded to the wall of the apparatus. Under the action of centrifugal forces, the liquid phase settles on the wall and flows on it to a blank plate 8 with cyclone elements. The gas with the partially condensate remaining in it is sent to the cyclone elements, at the inlet of which it is twisted by swirlers 10, while the liquid phase is discarded onto the walls of the cyclone elements and flows down to the base of the plate 8, from where it flows to the next stage through overflow pipes separation (plate 13). Gas with droplets of liquid partially left in it, passing through the cyclone elements, is also sent to the next separation stage, where, passing through the droplet eliminator in the form of strings of separators 14, it is deflected by the guide plates 16 in the direction of the outlet pipe 3.

Due to the fact that the gas vector has a vertical component that coincides with the direction of gravitational forces acting on droplets of liquid flowing along the strings of the separators, the separation efficiency is increased. The guide plates 16, installed at an angle of about 45 ^about , act as partitions and at the same time guides for gas. This allows you to place the maximum number of string separators 14 on the plate area without a significant increase in hydraulic resistance, which in turn increases the separation efficiency. The separated liquid is collected in the gutters 17, wherefrom the overflow pipe 18 enters the lower part of the apparatus and is discharged from it through the pipe 4.

 Based on the operating conditions, if necessary, for example, with a rigidly set technological flow diagram of the process, a multi-stage separator can be performed with the lower inlet of the gas-liquid mixture, as shown in Fig.2. In this embodiment, the inlet stage is made in the form of a freely expanding volume with a tangential inlet of a gas-liquid mixture (see figure 2). In addition, swirlers 10 are installed at the base of the shells 11, i.e. at the inlet of the gas to be separated, and the stage with cyclone elements is located below the stage with the string separating elements of the groove 17, which are located at the outlet of the separating elements in both phase flow patterns.

 In this embodiment, the operation of the intermediate stages is similar to the one described above, with the only difference being that in this case the direction of motion of the liquid and gaseous phases do not coincide, while at the inlet stage the gas-liquid mixture is tangentially introduced into the lower part of the housing, where under the action of centrifugal forces, the liquid is discharged to the wall of the housing flows down along it and, together with the liquid coming from the upper stages of separation, is discharged through the pipe 4 of the liquid outlet.

 When using the proposed separator, its significant advantage over the known one is its high efficiency in a wide range of gas-liquid mixture flow rates, due to the presence of two types of nozzles, as well as their mutual arrangement.

Claims (4)

 1. MULTI-STAGE SEPARATOR, comprising a vertical casing, an inlet chamber, a centrifugal separation stage arranged in series along the gas, including a plurality of in-line cyclone elements arranged in parallel, and an inertial separation stage including a plurality of inertial separation elements covering the passage section of the casing, characterized in that the inlet the camera is equipped with a twisting device, the inertial separation stage is made in the form of a plate with longitudinal windows equipped with onyry peaks, while inertial separation elements are mounted vertically on a plate, the upper end adjacent to the peak.  2. The separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the swirling device is made in the form of a flow inlet pipe connected tangentially to the input chamber.  3. The separator according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the inlet chamber is located in the lower part of the housing.  4. The separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet chamber is located in the upper part of the housing and is equipped with an axial flow inlet pipe, and the swirling device is made in the form of a disk with blades and a conical protrusion in the center on the side facing the input pipe.

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