RU204167U1 - Small forest and garden tree transplant device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture, specifically to horticulture, and can be used to transplant fruit and ornamental trees in small-sized areas and hard-to-reach areas. The principle of operation of this device is to dig an object out of the soil with two buckets moving towards each other while maintaining the main share root soil with the possibility of subsequent packing and loading. The possibility of aggregation of this device with small-sized equipment allows to carry out work on transplanting trees in conditions of limited accessibility, as well as to simultaneously load into trailers. the survival time of trees.

Description

The technical field to which the utility model belongs: the device relates to agriculture, specifically to horticulture, and can be used for the transplantation of fruit and ornamental trees in small-sized areas and hard-to-reach areas.

Modern approaches to agriculture require periodic updating and optimization of approaches to methods of soil cultivation, reducing costs and energy consumption of these processes. The proposed device for transplanting small forests and garden trees has a simple structure and a fairly high range of functions.

The principle of operation of this device is to dig an object out of the soil with two buckets moving towards each other while maintaining the main share of the root soil with the possibility of subsequent packing and loading.

State of the art: several variants of such devices are known from the prior art, namely: A device for transplanting trees with a clod of earth (Patent SU No. 505402, A01G 23/04 (2006.01). 1973.03.09).

Known devices for transplanting trees with a clod of earth, including a base machine with a frame pivotally attached to it with guides and controlled by hydraulic cylinders, on which a working body in the form of a cutting bracket with a container is fixed.

However, the known devices are inconvenient in that the vertical force contributing to the deepening of the working body is proportional to the weight of the base machine, which limits the dimensions of the earth clod to be dug in and, accordingly, reduces the age of the transplanted trees. In addition, the loads that arise when the lump breaks off the mainland when the lump is lifted to the transport position and when the dug tree is transported to the loading and unloading platform are transferred to the chassis, causing its premature wear, and can lead to overturning of the base machine.

Also known is a machine for digging trees, including a frame with a support, a hydraulic shovel and a pusher with a shutter (see and.with. No. 858660, A01G 23/04, 1981). However, this machine, according to the design, is cumbersome and unsuitable for work in forest nurseries, and can only be used for digging out large trees in the forest with large distances between trees.

Another analogue in terms of the principle of operation and functionality is a machine for digging out woody and shrub plants in forest nurseries, which includes a frame with supporting beams and a device for hanging onto a tractor, vertical posts and a bracket-shaped working body with a lift (see.with. No. 1233837, A01G 23/06, 1986 - prototype).

The disadvantage of this machine is the high labor intensity of separating plants from the excavated layer and the formation of a rational coma for subsequent planting. In addition, this machine is not intended for preparing planting holes. Therefore, the technology of digging and transplanting plants using a prototype requires the mandatory use of additional equipment, which increases the range of the technical park and reduces the coefficient of its use.

Disclosure of the essence of the useful model: an alternative device for transplanting trees is the proposed device for transplanting small forests - a two-leaf gripping bucket (on the principle of a loader), with a spatial frame for grasping a tree trunk (Fig. 1).

Brief description of the drawings: the principle of operation is simple - counter buckets (item 3 of the drawing - bucket (working body of the device)), driven by two hydraulic cylinders (item 4 of the drawing - hydraulic cylinder) mounted on the frame (item 1 of the drawing - frame) undermine the root mass together with the mass of the root soil. The device also contains a locking device (item 2 of the drawing - a locking device), which allows you to fix the dug out tree in the device, pins (item 5 of the drawing - a kingpin) and pins (item 6 of the drawing - a pin), allowing you to fix the hydraulic cylinders and buckets on the frame.

During the tests, its advantages were revealed:

aggregation with tractors of domestic production;

use both for digging trees and holes for planting with loading soil into a trailer;

the device can be used in areas of a small area with a low volume of work.

During the tests, shortcomings were identified:

high resistance when entering the ground;

hanging exclusively on PKU-08.

Implementation of the utility model: the ability to aggregate this device with small-sized equipment makes it possible to carry out work on transplanting trees in conditions of limited accessibility, as well as simultaneously load into trailers (Fig. 1).

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of work on the transplantation of ornamental and garden trees, and a reduction in the survival time of trees.

Claims (1)

A device for transplanting small forest and garden trees, including two working bodies (3), driven by hydraulic cylinders (4), characterized in that the working bodies are made in the form of buckets for rocks with clamps (2), which allow transplanting while preserving the root soil and low damage to the root system.

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