RU2020129352A - Композитные элементы из теплоизоляционного материала, клеящего вещества и покровного слоя - Google Patents

Композитные элементы из теплоизоляционного материала, клеящего вещества и покровного слоя Download PDF

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RU2020129352A
RU2020129352A RU2020129352A RU2020129352A RU2020129352A RU 2020129352 A RU2020129352 A RU 2020129352A RU 2020129352 A RU2020129352 A RU 2020129352A RU 2020129352 A RU2020129352 A RU 2020129352A RU 2020129352 A RU2020129352 A RU 2020129352A
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Russia
Prior art keywords
adhesive
content
insulating material
heat
oxide
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RU2020129352A
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English (en)
Inventor
Олаф ЯКОБМАЙЕР
Забрина КРОНИГ
Антье ХУСКОБЛА
Кристиан РЕННЕР
Петер ХУНТЕМАНН
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Басф Се
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Publication of RU2020129352A publication Critical patent/RU2020129352A/ru

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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/10—Water or water-releasing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
    • C08J2205/02—Foams characterised by their properties the finished foam itself being a gel or a gel being temporarily formed when processing the foamable composition
    • C08J2205/026—Aerogel, i.e. a supercritically dried gel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2207/00—Foams characterised by their intended use
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
    • C08J2375/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
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    • C09J2400/00—Presence of inorganic and organic materials
    • C09J2400/10—Presence of inorganic materials
    • C09J2400/12—Ceramic
    • C09J2400/126—Ceramic in the pretreated surface to be joined
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
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    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/292—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and sheet metal

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Claims (41)

1. Способ получения композитных элементов, содержащих теплоизоляционный материал (В) и клеящее вещество (С) и при необходимости по меньшей мере один покровный слой (А), причем теплоизоляционный материал (В) приклеивают с помощью клеящего вещества (С), отличающийся тем, что клеящее вещество (С) представляет собой полиуретановое клеящее вещество, получаемое посредством смешивания
(a) полиизоцианатов с
(b) полиолами по меньшей мере с двумя реакционноспособными по отношению к изоцианатам группами,
(c) вспенивающими агентами, содержащими воду, и при необходимости
(d) агентами удлинения цепи,
(e) катализаторами и
(f) другими вспомогательными веществами,
причем полиолы (b) содержат простые полиэфиролы, а простые полиэфиролы содержат
(b1) от 50 до 90 мас.% по меньшей мере одного полиалкиленоксида с гидроксильным числом от 120 до 300 мг КОН/г, полученного исходя из дифункциональной стартовой молекулы и доли этиленоксида, в пересчете на содержание алкиленоксида, от 60 до 100 мас.% и доли первичных ОН-групп от 50 до 100%,
(b2) от 10 до 50 мас.% по меньшей мере одного полиалкиленоксида с гидроксильным числом от 120 до 600 мг КОН/г, полученного исходя из дифункциональной и/или трифункциональной стартовой молекулы и доли этиленоксида, в пересчете на содержание алкиленоксида, от 0 до 40 мас.% и
(b3) от 0 до 30 мас.% по меньшей мере одного дополнительного полиалкиленоксида с гидроксильным числом от 100 до 800 мг КОН/г, полученного исходя из 2-4-функциональной стартовой молекулы, который отличается от простых полиэфиролов в (b1) и (b2),
в каждом случае в пересчете на общую массу компонентов (b1)-(b3).
2. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что содержание компонентов (b1)-(b3) составляет от 70 до 100 мас.% в пересчете на общую массу компонента (b).
3. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что компонент (b2) получают исключительно исходя из трифункциональных стартовых молекул.
4. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что содержание этиленоксида в простом полиэфироле (b1), в пересчете на содержание алкиленоксида в полиэфироле (b1), составляет 100 мас.%.
5. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что содержание пропиленоксида в простом полиэфироле (b2), в пересчете на содержание алкиленоксида в полиэфироле (b2), составляет 100 мас.%.
6. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что простой полиэфирполиол (b3) не используют.
7. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что в качестве вспенивающего агента используют исключительно воду, а содержание воды, в пересчете на общую массу компонентов (b)-(е), составляет от 0,3 до 3 мас.%.
8. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что в качестве катализатора (е) используют третичный аминный катализатор.
9. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что вспомогательные вещества (f) содержат загуститель с двумя аминогруппами, каждая из которых может быть первичной или вторичной, и молекулярной массой менее 500 г/моль.
10. Способ по п. 9, отличающийся тем, что аминогруппы представляют собой первичные аминогруппы, причем аминогруппы соединены с ароматическими атомами углерода.
11. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что клеящее вещество (С) содержит от 30 до 70 мас.% неорганических наполнителей, в пересчете на общую массу клеящего вещества (С).
12. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что теплоизоляционный материал (В) представляет собой минеральную вату и/или каменную вату.
13. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что теплоизоляционный материал (В) содержит аэрогелевые материалы и/или аэрогелевые композиты.
14. Способ по п. 13, отличающийся тем, что аэрогелевые материалы склеены между собой.
15. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что полиизоцианат (а) содержит изоцианат, выбранный из группы, состоящей из 2,4'-дифенилметандиизоцианата, 4,4'-дифенилметандиизоцианата, гомологов дифенилметандиизоцианата с большим количеством циклов или смесей из двух или более указанных соединений.
16. Способ по одному из пп. 1-15, отличающийся тем, что покровный слой (А) и теплоизоляционный материал (В) склеивают при помощи клеящего вещества (С).
17. Композитные элементы, содержащие теплоизоляционный материал (В) и клеящее вещество (С) и при необходимости по меньшей мере один покровный слой (А), получаемые способом по одному из пп. 1-16.
18. Применение клеящего вещества (С), получаемого посредством смешивания
(a) полиизоцианатов с
(b) полиолами по меньшей мере с двумя реакционноспособными по отношению к изоцианатам группами,
(c) вспенивающими агентами, содержащими воду, и при необходимости
(d) агентами удлинения цепи,
(e) катализаторами и
(f) другими вспомогательными веществами,
причем полиолы (b) содержат простые полиэфиролы, а простые полиэфиролы содержат
(b1) от 50 до 90 мас.% по меньшей мере одного полиалкиленоксида с гидроксильным числом от 120 до 300 мг КОН/г, полученного исходя из дифункциональной стартовой молекулы и доли этиленоксида, в пересчете на содержание алкиленоксида, от 60 до 100 мас.% и доли первичных ОН-групп от 50 до 100%,
(b2) от 10 до 50 мас.% по меньшей мере одного полиалкиленоксида с гидроксильным числом от 120 до 600 мг КОН/г, полученного исходя из дифункциональной и/или трифункциональной стартовой молекулы, и доли этиленоксида, в пересчете на содержание алкиленоксида, от 0 до 40 мас.% и
(b3) от 0 до 30 мас.% по меньшей мере одного дополнительного по-лиалкиленоксида с гидроксильным числом от 100 до 800 мг КОН/г, полученного исходя из 2-4-функциональной стартовой молекулы, который отличается от простых полиэфиролов в (b1) и (b2),
в каждом случае в пересчете на общую массу компонентов (b1)-(b3),
для приклеивания теплоизоляционного материала (В).
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