RU201705U1 - WINDSCREEN FITTING - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to container transportation by rail, in particular to the design of devices for fastening containers on railway platforms by means of fitting stops. An anti-wind fitting stop for locking on the platform of a container having an opening in the lower part includes the stop itself, made with the possibility of interacting with said container opening, and the base, on which the stop is rigidly permanently fixed, located vertically upward relative to the horizontal plane of the base. In this case, one pair of opposite sides of the stop has two vertical surfaces. One of the other two opposite sides of the stop has a vertically oriented flat surface, articulated with the base of the stop, and one inclined flat surface extending from the upper surface of the stop with the possibility of forming a protrusion when connected to a vertically oriented flat surface by means of an additional guiding inclined flat surface passing into a vertical oriented plane. According to the invention, the other of said opposite sides of the stop has two vertically oriented flat surfaces extending vertically upward from the base of the stop. Moreover, the upper vertically oriented flat surface is deepened to the stop axis and is connected to the lower vertically oriented guide plane by an inclined flat surface. An inclined flat surface extending from the upper surface of the stop creates the possibility of the formation of a lock-protrusion when connected to the upper vertically oriented surface. Two vertical surfaces of one pair of opposite sides of the stop extend from the horizontal plane of the base and are joined on the upper surface of the stop by a horizontal surface. The base of the stop and the base plate are made as a whole by means of casting or in the form of separate parts perpendicularly, and are rigidly inseparably connected by welding. The use of the proposed stop increases reliability, operational safety when transporting containers on a platform when automating the installation and lifting of containers.

Description

The utility model relates to container transportation by rail, namely, to the design of devices for fastening containers on railway platforms by means of fitting stops.

The proposed utility model can be used in high-speed railway flatcars at speeds of up to 120 km / h and above, as well as for other types of specialized transport, for example, road, water, etc., requiring security equipment when transporting containers using fixing them.

Known fitting pin and pivot stops that are used on railway platforms to secure containers on them, described, for example, in SU 1240657 A1, RU 165351 U1. Known fitting rotary stops consist of a base plate with stops rigidly fixed thereon for interaction with container fittings. The pin supports are rigidly fixed on the base plate, which in the working position is located on the frame with the pin supports upward and is fixed with shaped strips fixed by welding on the side frame beams and interact with the cutouts in the base plate. The disadvantages of such known fitting stops are that the pin supports do not have a rigid connection with the platform, the containers are held by their own weight on the stops, and when vertically acting forces occur, which occur mainly when the platforms collide or under strong transverse wind loads, the containers bounce , especially empty ones, and carry along the pin support with a hinged base plate, and the contact of the container with the pin support is lost, which does not ensure reliable fixation of the empty container on the platform, and, therefore, the required level of reliability of fastening the transported container is not guaranteed, about as evidenced by the facts of overturning containers in adverse weather conditions.

In the patent SU 1594024 A1, it is proposed to solve the overturning of containers from a crosswind and bouncing when the cars collide by turning the base plate and the inclined arrangement of the stops to the supporting surface of the plate, however, with strong side impacts occurring at turns and a significant train speed, containers spontaneously go out of contact with stops, which leads to their overturning, the proposed device also involves manual control of the securing of containers.

From the patents RU 2676201 C1 and RU 2647358 C1, fitting stops are known that prevent the stop from coming out of the fitting by means of a stop fixed to the platform frame and a special stop made of a solid round bar bent in the form of a bracket. The end parts of the stopper are made of different lengths. The short end of the stopper fits into the bore of the fitting, and the long end of the stopper is secured to the side of the platform. A common disadvantage of these devices is that fixing the containers requires manual labor (to rotate the stopper and secure it in the desired position).

In the patents CN 2823108 Y and US 7883304 B2, fitting stops for fixing containers on the platform are considered, excluding manual control during loading and unloading by making stops of a special configuration, allowing to avoid horizontal displacement, overturning in the left and right directions, lifting the container up in collisions and vertical wind loads. At the same time, with the simultaneous lateral load on the container and the presence of vertical force, the stop fitting disengages, which leads to the container overturning.

Known utility model patent - fitting stop (RU 175528 dated 07.12.2017, IPC B61D 3/18, B60P 7/13), adopted as a prototype, including a stop made with the ability to interact with the container fitting, and the base, on which is rigidly permanently fixed stop, located vertically upward relative to the horizontal plane of the base. In this case, one pair of opposite sides of the stop has two vertical surfaces extending from the horizontal plane of the base and passing into two surfaces inclined to each other, united at the top by a horizontal surface. One of the other two opposite sides of the stop has a vertically oriented flat surface articulated with the base and an inclined flat surface extending from the upper surface of the stop so as to form a protrusion when connected to the vertically oriented flat surface. The other of said opposite sides of the stop has a vertically oriented flat surface extending downward from the top of the stop and an inclined surface extending from the base, with the possibility of forming a groove recessed into the stop with said vertically oriented flat surface. A through hole is made on the side of the groove stop recessed inward to interact with the L-shaped pin, the short end of which is made with the possibility of passing through the through hole, and the long end with the possibility of rigid attachment to the platform.

It follows from the patent that the design of the fitting stop described therein provides for the possibility of reducing the likelihood of overturning, including empty containers, in adverse weather conditions, especially under strong transverse wind loads. However, the possibility of overturning is not excluded due to the use of modern high speeds of movement of trains along the railway track, the accompanying vibration of platforms and collisions of platforms, and, as a consequence, the vertical movement of the container itself relative to the fitting stop in a strong side wind. With all this, the presence of a through hole in the middle of the projection leads to a decrease in the wall thickness of the stop and can lead to the destruction of the upper part of the stop from the action of the dynamic buoyancy force in the vertical direction and overturning of the container. Moreover, the presence of an inclined surface up to the deepened groove creates a buoyant force, which exerts significant dynamic blows by the fitting from below on the pin, which can lead to the pin destruction. Also, the need to use manual labor when installing and lifting containers significantly reduces labor productivity and prevents the acceleration of the formation of container trains.

The objective of the utility model is to increase operational safety during the transportation of containers on the platform by increasing the reliability of fastening, namely, due to reliable fixation of containers on fitting stops.

The technical result is provided due to the fact that the anti-wind fitting stop for locking on the platform of the container, which has an opening in the lower part, includes the stop itself, made with the possibility of interacting with the said opening of the container, and the base, on which the stop pin is rigidly permanently fixed, placed vertically upwards relative to the horizontal plane of the base. In this case, one pair of opposite sides of the stop has two vertical surfaces, one of the other two opposite sides of the stop has a vertically oriented flat surface articulated with the base of the stop, and one inclined flat surface extending from the upper surface of the stop, with the possibility of forming a protrusion when connected vertically an oriented flat surface by means of an additional guide of an inclined flat surface passing into a vertically oriented plane. What is new is that the other of said opposite sides of the stop has two vertically oriented flat surfaces extending vertically upward from the base of the stop. Moreover, the upper vertically oriented flat surface is deepened to the stop axis and connected to the lower vertically oriented guide plane by an inclined flat surface. An inclined flat surface extends from the upper surface of the stop with the possibility of forming a lock-protrusion when connected to the upper vertically oriented surface. Two vertical surfaces of one pair of opposite sides of the stop extend from the horizontal plane of the base and are joined on the upper surface of the stop by a horizontal surface. The base of the stop and the base plate are made in one piece by means of casting or in the form of separate parts perpendicular and rigidly permanently connected by welding.

This design prevents the container from overturning in the transverse plane due to wind loads in unfavorable weather conditions during the movement of container trains, incl. accelerated and high-speed.

The utility model is illustrated using graphic materials, where in FIG. 1-fig. 3 shows three projections of the fitting stop, FIG. 4 shows a diagram of the arrangement of four fitting stops on the platform; FIG. 5-fig. Fig. 10 shows figures illustrating the principle of the bottom fitting on the stop.

The utility model contains: 1 - emphasis; 2 - base plate; 3 - stop base; 4 - two vertical surfaces of one pair of opposite sides of the stop; 5 - the upper surface of the stop; 6 - vertically oriented plane; 7 - one inclined flat surface; 8 - ledge; 9 - another inclined surface; 10 - upper vertical plane; 11 - lower vertical plane; 12 - guiding inclined surface; 13 - inclined surface; 14 - protrusion lock; 15 - left edge of the fitting hole; 16 - right edge of the fitting hole.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the anti-wind fitting stop is made with the possibility of interacting with the opening of the container fitting (Fig. 5-Fig. 10) and the base plate 2, on which the stop 1 is rigidly permanently fixed, located vertically upward relative to the horizontal plane of the base plate 2. FIG. 1 shows that one pair of opposite sides of the stop has two vertical surfaces 3. In FIG. 2 shows that one of the two opposite sides of the stop (left) has a vertically oriented flat surface 6 articulated with the horizontal base plate 2 of the stop, and one inclined flat surface 7 extending from the upper surface 5 of the stop with the possibility of forming a protrusion 8 when connected to a vertically oriented flat surface 6 by means of an additional guiding inclined surface 9. FIG. 2 shows that the other of the indicated opposite sides of the stop (right) has two vertically oriented flat surfaces 10 and 11 extending vertically upward from the base of the stop 3, and the upper vertically oriented flat surface is deepened towards the stop axis and is connected to the lower vertical plane 11, the guide an inclined surface 12, and an inclined flat surface 13 extending from the upper surface of the stop with the possibility of forming a lock-protrusion 14 when connected to the upper surface 5 of the stop. Two vertical surfaces 4 (Fig. 1) of one pair of opposite sides of the stop extend from the horizontal plane of the stop base 3 and are combined on the upper surface of the stop by a horizontal surface 5. The stop base 3 and base plate 2 are made perpendicularly, as a whole, by casting or in the form individual parts, rigidly permanently connected by welding. As shown in FIG. 4, it is preferable that the fitting stops on the platform are arranged in pairs symmetrically with respect to the X-X and Y-Y axes of the container plane. Moreover, the protrusions 8 of both stops on one side of the Y-Y plane were directed in one direction relative to the X-X plane, and the other two stops, the protrusions 8 located on the other side of the Y-Y plane, are directed to the other side relative to the X-X plane.

Installation of the container on the platform using the proposed anti-wind fitting stops is shown in Fig. 5-figure 10. The technology provides for a zigzag movement of the fitting relative to the stop during fitting and removal from the stop. The zigzag movement of the fitting when installing the container is carried out in several phases:

- entry of the top 5 of the stop into the opening of the fitting (Fig. 5);

- sliding the left edge of the opening of the fitting 15 along the guide surface 7 of the stop (Fig. 6);

- entry of the left protrusion 8 of the stop into the opening of the fitting (Fig. 7);

- sliding the right edge of the opening of the fitting 16 along the guiding inclined surface 12;

- movement of the fitting along vertical parallel surfaces 6 and 11 downward;

- installation of the container on the base of the stop 3 and the base plate 2.

Due to the fact that the installation of the container on the stop is carried out smoothly, then all phases pass smoothly along inclined surfaces. Similarly, when the container is removed from the stop, the upper edge of the fitting hole smoothly moves along the vertical parallel surfaces 6 and 11, touches the lower inclined surface 9 and continues to move to the left along it until the protrusion 8 passes, after which the direction of movement of the fitting changes to the opposite. At this time, the upper edge of the right side of the opening of the fitting (Fig. 7) touches the inclined surface 13, and the movement slows down until the opening of the fitting passes the second latch-protrusion 14. Thus, the container is removed from the stop.

Wind gusts, wagons collide dynamically, the container rises (bounces) and a buoyant force arises, directed upwards from the base plate. The container fitting dynamically starts moving vertically upwards along the parallel guide surfaces 6 and 11 (Fig. 9) and strikes against the inclined surface 9, which slows down unauthorized upward movement of the fitting. In most cases, after hitting an inclined surface 9, the fitting and the container sit back on the base plate 2. If the fitting continues to move due to a significant buoyancy force along the inclined surface 9, then it is sharply fed to the left (Fig. 8). In this case, the right edge of the opening of the fitting begins to slide along the upper vertically oriented surface 10, which is recessed to the axis. Then there is a dynamic contact (impact) on the inclined surface 13, which finally dampens the upward movement of the fitting. After the final damping of the vertical component of the velocity, the fitting carries out a back fit on the base plate.

In contrast to the prototype, in the event of a wind load or collision of cars, due to the vertical parallel surfaces 6 and 11, the fitting receives a vertical direction of movement. The upper edge of the fitting hole will certainly hit the inclined surface 9 of the projection 8 and the vertical component of the container velocity is practically extinguished, and, in the event of the fitting going beyond the projection 8, the lock-protrusion 14 allows you to finally extinguish the vertical speed of the container due to the impact of the right edge of the fitting hole along the inclined surface 13 of the lug lock.

The proposed design of the stop, the optimally calculated angles of the inclined surfaces of the direction and sliding, make it possible to completely exclude the possibility of unwanted vertical movement of the empty container, its turn and overturning under strong transverse wind loads. Provides reliable contact of the empty container with the platform and the proper level of safety of the cargo transported in it, thereby increasing the safety of high-speed container trains. The elimination of the additional fixing pin makes it possible to automate the process of loading and unloading containers from platforms, which undoubtedly has a positive effect on economic indicators.

The applicant developed working drawings of the proposed anti-wind fitting stops, the manufacturer made prototypes, and with the participation of the customer carried out experimental testing of new products, which confirmed the calculations of the reliability of fastening the containers, ensuring invariance to wind loads and collisions of cars.

Claims (2)

1. Anti-wind fitting stop for locking on the platform of the container having an opening in the lower part, including the stop itself made with the possibility of interaction with the said opening of the container, and the base, on which the stop is rigidly permanently fixed, located vertically upward relative to the horizontal plane of the base, while one pair of opposite sides of the stop has two vertical surfaces, one of the other two opposite sides of the stop has a vertically oriented flat surface articulated with the base of the stop, and one inclined flat surface extending from the upper surface of the stop with the possibility of forming a protrusion when connected to a vertically oriented flat surface by means of an additional guide of an inclined flat surface, passing into a vertically oriented plane, characterized in that the other of the indicated opposite sides of the stop has two vertically oriented flat surfaces sts extending vertically upward from the stop base, the upper vertically oriented flat surface deepened to the stop axis and connected to the lower vertically oriented plane by a guide inclined flat surface, and an inclined flat surface extending from the stop upper surface with the possibility of forming a lock-protrusion, when connected with an upper vertically oriented surface, and two vertical surfaces of one pair of opposite sides of the stop extend from the horizontal plane of the base and are united on the upper surface of the stop by a horizontal surface. 2. Anti-wind fitting stop according to claim 1, characterized in that the base of the stop and the base plate are made perpendicularly as one piece.

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