RU2015146775A - Возобновляемая углеводородная композиция - Google Patents

Возобновляемая углеводородная композиция Download PDF

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RU2015146775A
RU2015146775A RU2015146775A RU2015146775A RU2015146775A RU 2015146775 A RU2015146775 A RU 2015146775A RU 2015146775 A RU2015146775 A RU 2015146775A RU 2015146775 A RU2015146775 A RU 2015146775A RU 2015146775 A RU2015146775 A RU 2015146775A
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mixed fuel
content
alkanes
vol
composition
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RU2015146775A
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RU2645350C2 (ru
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Якко НОУСИАЙНЕН
Арто РИССАНЕН
Хели ЛАУМОЛА
Теему ЛИНДБЕРГ
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Упм-Кюммене Корпорейшн
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Claims (37)

1. Композиция, содержащая от 8 до 30 масс.% неразветвленных C4-12-алканов, от 5 до 50 масс.% разветвленных C4-12-алканов, от 25 до 60 масс.% C5-12-циклоалканов, от 1 до 25 масс.% ароматических C6-12-углеводородов, не более чем 1 масс.% алкенов и не более чем 0,5 масс.% суммы кислородсодержащих соединений;
в которой суммарное содержание C4-12-алканов составляет от 40 до 80 масс.%, и суммарное содержание C4-12-алканов, C5-12-циклоалканов и ароматических C6-12-углеводородов составляет, по меньшей мере, 95 масс.%; и
причем данные количества вычислены по отношению к массе композиции.
2. Композиция по п.1, в которой содержание неразветвленных C4-12-алканов составляет от 10 до 20 масс.%.
3. Композиция по п.1 или 2, в которой содержание разветвленных C4-12-алканов составляет от 20 до 40 масс.%.
4. Композиция по п.1 или 2, в которой содержание C5-12-циклоалканов составляет от 30 до 50 масс.%.
5. Композиция по п.1 или 2, в которой содержание ароматических C6-12-углеводородов составляет от 2 до 15 масс.%.
6. Композиция по п.1 или 2, в которой неразветвленные алканы представляют собой неразветвленные C5-10-алканы.
7. Композиция по п.1 или 2, в которой разветвленные алканы представляют собой разветвленные C5-11-алканы
8. Композиция по п.1 или 2, в которой циклоалканы представляют собой C6-10-циклоалканы
9. Композиция по п.1 или 2, в которой ароматические углеводороды представляют собой ароматические C6-10-углеводороды.
10. Способ изготовления композиции по любому предшествующему пункту, включающий следующие стадии:
(i) гидропереработка биологического исходного материала с использованием одного или нескольких катализаторов; и
(ii) фракционирование продукта, полученного на стадии (i).
11. Способ по п.10, в котором биологический исходный материал содержит растительное масло и/или животный жир.
12. Способ по п.10, в котором биологический исходный материал содержит, по меньшей мере, 15 масс.% жирных C12-18-кислот, по меньшей мере, 15 масс.% смоляных кислот и, по меньшей мере, 10 масс.% нейтральных соединений по отношению к массе исходного материала.
13. Способ по любому из пп.10-12, в котором стадия гидропереработки осуществляется с использованием одного или нескольких катализаторов, каждый из которых содержит один или несколько металлов, в качестве которых выбираются металлы группы VIA и группы VIII, а также один или несколько материалов-носителей, которые выбирают из цеолита, оксида алюминия, цеолита-оксида алюминия, оксида алюминия-диоксида кремния, оксида алюминия-диоксида кремния-цеолита и активированного угля.
14. Способ по п.13, в котором каждый металл выбирают из Mo, W, Co, Ni, Pt и Pd.
15. Способ по п.13, в котором стадия гидропереработки осуществляется с использованием одного или обоих из следующих катализаторов (i) и (ii), а также необязательно следующего катализатора (iii):
(i) катализатор, содержащий MoO3, один или оба из CoO и NiO, а также один или несколько материалов-носителей;
(ii) катализатор, содержащий NiW и один или несколько материалов-носителей;
(iii) катализатор, содержащий металл группы VIII и/или молекулярное сито;
в котором материалы-носители выбирают из цеолита, оксида алюминия, цеолита-оксида алюминия, оксида алюминия-диоксида кремния, оксида алюминия-диоксида кремния-цеолита и активированного угля.
16. Способ по п.15, в котором стадия гидропереработки осуществляется с использованием одного или нескольких реакторов, каждый из которых содержит катализаторы (i) и (ii).
17. Способ по п.16, в котором содержание катализатора (ii) по отношению к суммарному содержанию катализаторов (i) и (ii) непрерывно увеличивается в направлении потока биологического исходного материала в одном или нескольких реакторах.
18. Способ по п.15, в котором стадия гидропереработки осуществляется с использованием двух или более реакторов, причем, по меньшей мере, один реактор содержит катализатор (i) и, по меньшей мере, еще один реактор содержит катализатор (ii) и/или катализатор (iii).
19. Применение композиции по любому из пп.1-9 в качестве топлива или топливного компонента.
20. Смешанное топливо, содержащее композицию по любому из пп.1-9.
21. Смешанное топливо по п.20, в котором содержание композиции составляет от 2 до 85 об.% по отношению к объему смешанного топлива.
22. Смешанное топливо по п.21, в котором содержание композиции составляет от 5 до 25 об.%.
23. Смешанное топливо по п.21, которое дополнительно содержит произведенное из нефти топливо.
24. Смешанное топливо по п.23, в котором произведенное из нефти топливо представляет собой нефтяной лигроин и/или нефтяной бензин.
25. Смешанное топливо по любому из пп.20-24, которое дополнительно содержит этанол.
26. Смешанное топливо по п.25, в котором содержание этанола составляет вплоть до 85 об.% по отношению к объему смешанного топлива.
27. Смешанное топливо по п.26, в котором содержание этанола составляет от 75 до 85 об.%.
28. Смешанное топливо по любому из пп.20-24, 26 или 27, в котором дополнительно содержится, по меньшей мере, одно вещество из бутана, изобутанола и этил-трет-бутилового эфира.
29. Смешанное топливо по п.28, которое содержит от 2 до 25 об.% композиции, от 75 до 85 об.% этанола, от 1 до 5 об.% простоэфирных соединений, содержащих пять или более атомов углерода, и вплоть до 2 об.% высших C3-8-спиртов, причем содержание бутана в смешанном топливе составляет от 2 до 10 об.%.
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