RU2013144726A - Выхлопная система, содержащая катализатор предотвращения проскока аммиака в контуре рециркуляции выхлопных газов - Google Patents

Выхлопная система, содержащая катализатор предотвращения проскока аммиака в контуре рециркуляции выхлопных газов Download PDF

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RU2013144726A
RU2013144726A RU2013144726/06A RU2013144726A RU2013144726A RU 2013144726 A RU2013144726 A RU 2013144726A RU 2013144726/06 A RU2013144726/06 A RU 2013144726/06A RU 2013144726 A RU2013144726 A RU 2013144726A RU 2013144726 A RU2013144726 A RU 2013144726A
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exhaust system
catalyst
exhaust
carrier
ammonia
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RU2013144726/06A
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RU2591753C2 (ru
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Гай Ричард ЧЭНДЛЕР
Нил Роберт КОЛЛИНЗ
Пол Ричард ФИЛЛИПС
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Джонсон Мэтти Паблик Лимитед Компани
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    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
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    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/35—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with means for cleaning or treating the recirculated gases, e.g. catalysts, condensate traps, particle filters or heaters
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Abstract

1. Выхлопная система для автомобильного двигателя внутреннего сгорания, работающего на бедных смесях, который выделяет оксиды азота (NO) и твердые частицы (PM), причем система содержит катализатор восстановления NOдля восстановления NOв присутствии азотсодержащего восстановителя, устройство для введения азотсодержащего восстановителя в поток выхлопного газа, фильтр для удаления PM из выхлопного газа, протекающего в выхлопной системе, и контур рециркуляции выхлопного газа (EGR) низкого давления для соединения выхлопной системы ниже по потоку относительно фильтра с воздухозаборником двигателя, причем контур EGR содержит катализатор окисления аммиака.2. Выхлопная система по п. 1, в которой катализатор восстановления NOявляется катализатором селективного каталитического восстановления, содержащим молекулярные сита, промотированные переходным металлом.3. Выхлопная система по п. 1, в которой азотсодержащий восстановитель представляет собой аммиак, гидразин или прекурсор аммиака, выбранный из группы, состоящей из мочевины ((NH)CO), карбоната аммония, карбамата аммония, гидрокарбоната аммония и формиата аммония.4. Выхлопная система по п. 1, в которой катализатор восстановления NOнаходится на фильтре.5. Выхлопная система по п. 1, в которой катализатор окисления аммиака содержит платину и/или палладий, нанесенные на оксид металла.6. Выхлопная система по п. 5, в которой катализатор окисления аммиака размещен в проточном монолитном носителе или на нем.7. Выхлопная система по п. 6, в которой носитель является металлическим.8. Выхлопная система по п. 6, в которой носитель содержит от около 25 до около 300 параллельных каналов на 1 квадратный

Claims (12)

1. Выхлопная система для автомобильного двигателя внутреннего сгорания, работающего на бедных смесях, который выделяет оксиды азота (NOx) и твердые частицы (PM), причем система содержит катализатор восстановления NOx для восстановления NOx в присутствии азотсодержащего восстановителя, устройство для введения азотсодержащего восстановителя в поток выхлопного газа, фильтр для удаления PM из выхлопного газа, протекающего в выхлопной системе, и контур рециркуляции выхлопного газа (EGR) низкого давления для соединения выхлопной системы ниже по потоку относительно фильтра с воздухозаборником двигателя, причем контур EGR содержит катализатор окисления аммиака.
2. Выхлопная система по п. 1, в которой катализатор восстановления NOx является катализатором селективного каталитического восстановления, содержащим молекулярные сита, промотированные переходным металлом.
3. Выхлопная система по п. 1, в которой азотсодержащий восстановитель представляет собой аммиак, гидразин или прекурсор аммиака, выбранный из группы, состоящей из мочевины ((NH2)2CO), карбоната аммония, карбамата аммония, гидрокарбоната аммония и формиата аммония.
4. Выхлопная система по п. 1, в которой катализатор восстановления NOx находится на фильтре.
5. Выхлопная система по п. 1, в которой катализатор окисления аммиака содержит платину и/или палладий, нанесенные на оксид металла.
6. Выхлопная система по п. 5, в которой катализатор окисления аммиака размещен в проточном монолитном носителе или на нем.
7. Выхлопная система по п. 6, в которой носитель является металлическим.
8. Выхлопная система по п. 6, в которой носитель содержит от около 25 до около 300 параллельных каналов на 1 квадратный дюйм площади поперечного сечения (3,9-46,5 каналов на 1 см2).
9. Выхлопная система по п. 6, в которой носитель имеет уровень содержания катализатора окисления аммиака от около 0,3 до около 2,3 г/дюйм3 (0,018-0,14 г/см3).
10. Выхлопная система по п. 6, в которой носитель имеет переднюю и заднюю стороны относительно направления газа, текущего через носитель, и причем передняя сторона содержит катализатор селективного каталитического восстановления (SCR), а задняя сторона содержит композицию из SCR и катализатора окисления аммиака.
11. Выхлопная система по п. 1, дополнительно содержащая второй катализатор окисления аммиака, размещенный ниже по потоку относительно SCRF и выше по потоку от EGR относительно направления течения выхлопного газа через систему.
12. Двигатель внутреннего сгорания, работающий на бедных смесях, содержащий выхлопную систему по любому из предшествующих пунктов.
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