RU2013128633A

RU2013128633A - METHOD FOR TREATMENT OF SODNY SOILS WITH SIMULTANEOUS APPLICATION OF FERTILIZERS AND SEEDING OF SEEDS AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION

Info

Publication number: RU2013128633A
Application number: RU2013128633/13A
Authority: RU
Inventors: Геннадий Михайлович Болотов
Original assignee: Геннадий Михайлович Болотов
Priority date: 2013-06-24
Filing date: 2013-06-24
Publication date: 2014-12-27
Also published as: RU2538998C1

Abstract

1. Способ обработки дернинных почв с одновременным внесением удобрений и посевом семян трав или сельскохозяйственных культур, включающий подрезку лент дернины, измельчение их и разбрасывание в виде мульчи по поверхности нетронутой дернины, полосное фрезерование проявившихся лент почвы вертикальными фрезами, локальное внесение минеральных удобрений в обработанные полосы почвы, формирование почвенного ложа, посев семян на него и укрытие их почвенными гребнями, отличающееся тем, что дополнительно проводят рыхление почвы в горизонтальной плоскости под слоем нетронутого дерна на глубине 4-8 см от поверхности дерна, с толщиной рыхления 1-10 см и шириной 8-15 см слева и справа от краев полос почвы, обработанных вертикальными фрезами.2. Устройство для обработки дернинных почв с одновременным внесением удобрений и посевом семян, содержащее расположенные на раме с приводом через редуктор вертикальные фрезерные секции с кожухами, плоские дисковые ножи, измельчители лент дернины, туковые и семенные бункеры с механизмами посадки, сошники с туко- и семянаправителями, ролики для формирования семенного ложа, полозы для укрытия семян почвенными гребнями и горизонтальные фрезы, отличающееся тем, что, с целью сохранения поверхности дернины, уменьшения энергозатрат и улучшения условий всхожести, посеянных в дернину семян, плоскости горизонтальных фрез находятся ниже уровня дернины и имеют возможность осевых перемещений, а вертикальные оси этих фрез совпадают с центрами полос дернины, обработанной вертикальными фрезами.1. A method of treating sod soils with the simultaneous application of fertilizers and sowing seeds of grasses or crops, including trimming sod belts, crushing them and spreading them in the form of mulch over the surface of untouched sod, strip milling of emerging soil belts with vertical cutters, local application of mineral fertilizers to the treated strips soil, the formation of a soil bed, sowing seeds on it and covering them with soil ridges, characterized in that they additionally loosen the soil in a horizontal plane under a layer of untouched sod at a depth of 4-8 cm from the surface of the sod, with a loosening thickness of 1-10 cm and a width 8-15 cm to the left and right of the edges of soil strips treated with vertical tillers. 2. A device for processing sod soils with simultaneous fertilization and sowing of seeds, containing vertical milling sections with covers, flat disc knives, sod belt shredders, fertilizer and seed bins with planting mechanisms, openers with fertilizer and seed guides located on a frame with a drive through a gearbox, rollers for the formation of the seedbed, runners for covering seeds with soil ridges and horizontal cutters, characterized in that, in order to preserve the sod surface, reduce energy consumption and improve the germination conditions of seeds sown in the sod, the planes of the horizontal cutters are below the sod level and have the possibility of axial displacements, and the vertical axes of these cutters coincide with the centers of the turf strips, processed with vertical cutters.

Claims

1. A method of treating soddy soils with the simultaneous application of fertilizers and sowing seeds of grass or crops, including cutting sod tapes, crushing them and spreading them in the form of mulch on the surface of the untouched sod, strip milling the soil tapes with vertical milling cutters, local application of mineral fertilizers into the treated strips soil, the formation of the soil bed, sowing seeds on it and sheltering them with soil ridges, characterized in that they additionally carry out loosening of the soil horizontally th plane under a layer of untouched turf at a depth of 4-8 cm from the surface of the turf, with a loosening thickness of 1-10 cm and a width of 8-15 cm to the left and right of the edges of the soil strips treated with vertical cutters.

2. A device for processing soddy soils with the simultaneous application of fertilizers and sowing seeds, containing vertical milling sections with casings located on the frame with the drive through the gearbox, flat disk knives, shredder belt shredders, fertilizer and seed bins with landing mechanisms, coulters with fertilizer and with seed guides, rollers for forming a seed bed, runners for covering seeds with soil ridges and horizontal mills, characterized in that, in order to preserve the surface of the turf, reduce energy consumption and improve germination conditions sown in the turf of the seeds, the planes of the horizontal cutters are below the level of the turf and have the possibility of axial movements, and the vertical axis of these cutters coincide with the centers of the strips of the turf processed by vertical cutters.