RU2012137426A - FLOATING MULTI-FUNCTIONAL COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR EFFECTIVE REMOVAL OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN WATER AND WASTE WATER - Google Patents

FLOATING MULTI-FUNCTIONAL COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR EFFECTIVE REMOVAL OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN WATER AND WASTE WATER Download PDF

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RU2012137426A
RU2012137426A RU2012137426/04A RU2012137426A RU2012137426A RU 2012137426 A RU2012137426 A RU 2012137426A RU 2012137426/04 A RU2012137426/04 A RU 2012137426/04A RU 2012137426 A RU2012137426 A RU 2012137426A RU 2012137426 A RU2012137426 A RU 2012137426A
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composite material
substrate
photocatalyst
adsorbent
material according
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Ренби БАЙ
Хуэй ХАН
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Нэйшнл Юниверсити оф Сингапур
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    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
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    • B01J20/3206Organic carriers, supports or substrates
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    • B01J20/3238Inorganic material layers containing any type of zeolite
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    • B01J20/3234Inorganic material layers
    • B01J20/324Inorganic material layers containing free carbon, e.g. activated carbon
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    • B01J21/00Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
    • B01J21/06Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
    • B01J21/063Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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    • B01J21/18Carbon
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B01J21/18Carbon
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B01J37/0215Coating
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/725Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/40Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/42Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
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    • C02F1/30Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02F2101/308Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
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    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/34Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C02F2101/345Phenols
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    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/16Regeneration of sorbents, filters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/2964Artificial fiber or filament
    • Y10T428/2967Synthetic resin or polymer
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/2967Synthetic resin or polymer
    • Y10T428/2969Polyamide, polyimide or polyester
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/31504Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31725Of polyamide
    • Y10T428/31739Nylon type
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/31855Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
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    • Y10T428/31938Polymer of monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon

Abstract

1. Композиционный материал, содержащий:подложку, обладающую плавучестью;адсорбент для адсорбции органических соединений;фотокатализатор для разложения органических соединений; иусилитель для облегчения переноса массы между адсорбентом и фотокатализатором, увеличения селективности композиционного материала, увеличения химической устойчивости композиционного материала, и/или улучшения фотокаталитической эффективности,где адсорбент, фотокатализатор и усилитель иммобилизуются на подложке.2. Композиционный материал по п.1, в котором подложка представляет собой термопласт, имеющий удельный вес меньше, чем 1.3. Композиционный материал по п.2, в котором термопласт представляет собой полипропилен, полиэтилен, полистирол, нейлон или их комбинации и сплавы.4. Композиционный материал по п.2, в котором подложка находится в виде гранул, волокон, листов и других форм большего размера, чем компонентные материалы.5. Композиционный материал по п.1, в котором адсорбент концентрирует органические соединения и облегчает перенос массы адсорбированных органических соединений к фотокатализатору.6. Композиционный материал по п.5, в котором адсорбент является химически устойчивым при температурах, варьирующихся от температуры ниже температуры плавления подложки до примерно 30°С выше температуры плавления подложки.7. Композиционный материал по п.5, в котором адсорбент представляет собой активированный уголь, цеолит, любые другие синтетические или природные адсорбенты или их комбинацию.8. Композиционный материал по п.1, в котором фотокатализатор представляет собой диоксид титана (TiO), оксид цинка (ZnO), сульфид кадмия (CdS), вольфрама1. Composite material containing: a substrate with buoyancy, an adsorbent for the adsorption of organic compounds, a photocatalyst for the decomposition of organic compounds; and an amplifier to facilitate mass transfer between the adsorbent and the photocatalyst, increase the selectivity of the composite material, increase the chemical resistance of the composite material, and / or improve the photocatalytic efficiency, where the adsorbent, photocatalyst and enhancer are immobilized on the substrate. 2. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the substrate is a thermoplastic having a specific gravity less than 1.3. The composite material of claim 2, wherein the thermoplastic is polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, nylon, or combinations and alloys thereof. The composite material of claim 2, wherein the substrate is in the form of granules, fibers, sheets, and other shapes that are larger than the component materials. A composite material according to claim 1, wherein the adsorbent concentrates organic compounds and facilitates the transfer of the mass of adsorbed organic compounds to the photocatalyst. The composite material of claim 5, wherein the adsorbent is chemically stable at temperatures ranging from below the melting point of the substrate to about 30 ° C above the melting point of the substrate. The composite material of claim 5, wherein the adsorbent is activated carbon, zeolite, any other synthetic or natural adsorbents, or a combination thereof. Composite material according to claim 1, in which the photocatalyst is titanium dioxide (TiO), zinc oxide (ZnO), cadmium sulfide (CdS), tungsten

Claims (22)

1. Композиционный материал, содержащий:1. Composite material containing: подложку, обладающую плавучестью;buoyancy support; адсорбент для адсорбции органических соединений;adsorbent for the adsorption of organic compounds; фотокатализатор для разложения органических соединений; иphotocatalyst for the decomposition of organic compounds; and усилитель для облегчения переноса массы между адсорбентом и фотокатализатором, увеличения селективности композиционного материала, увеличения химической устойчивости композиционного материала, и/или улучшения фотокаталитической эффективности,an amplifier for facilitating mass transfer between the adsorbent and the photocatalyst, increasing the selectivity of the composite material, increasing the chemical stability of the composite material, and / or improving photocatalytic efficiency, где адсорбент, фотокатализатор и усилитель иммобилизуются на подложке.where the adsorbent, photocatalyst and amplifier are immobilized on a substrate. 2. Композиционный материал по п.1, в котором подложка представляет собой термопласт, имеющий удельный вес меньше, чем 1.2. The composite material according to claim 1, in which the substrate is a thermoplastic having a specific gravity of less than 1. 3. Композиционный материал по п.2, в котором термопласт представляет собой полипропилен, полиэтилен, полистирол, нейлон или их комбинации и сплавы.3. The composite material according to claim 2, in which the thermoplastic is polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, nylon, or combinations thereof and alloys. 4. Композиционный материал по п.2, в котором подложка находится в виде гранул, волокон, листов и других форм большего размера, чем компонентные материалы.4. The composite material according to claim 2, in which the substrate is in the form of granules, fibers, sheets and other larger forms than component materials. 5. Композиционный материал по п.1, в котором адсорбент концентрирует органические соединения и облегчает перенос массы адсорбированных органических соединений к фотокатализатору.5. The composite material according to claim 1, in which the adsorbent concentrates the organic compounds and facilitates the transfer of the mass of adsorbed organic compounds to the photocatalyst. 6. Композиционный материал по п.5, в котором адсорбент является химически устойчивым при температурах, варьирующихся от температуры ниже температуры плавления подложки до примерно 30°С выше температуры плавления подложки.6. The composite material according to claim 5, in which the adsorbent is chemically stable at temperatures ranging from a temperature below the melting temperature of the substrate to about 30 ° C above the melting temperature of the substrate. 7. Композиционный материал по п.5, в котором адсорбент представляет собой активированный уголь, цеолит, любые другие синтетические или природные адсорбенты или их комбинацию.7. The composite material according to claim 5, in which the adsorbent is activated carbon, zeolite, any other synthetic or natural adsorbents, or a combination thereof. 8. Композиционный материал по п.1, в котором фотокатализатор представляет собой диоксид титана (TiO2), оксид цинка (ZnO), сульфид кадмия (CdS), вольфрама (VI) триоксид (WO3), карбид кремния (SiC), оксиды металлов, снабженный неорганическим элементом или их любую комбинацию.8. The composite material according to claim 1, in which the photocatalyst is titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), cadmium sulfide (CdS), tungsten (VI) trioxide (WO 3 ), silicon carbide (SiC), oxides metals provided with an inorganic element or any combination thereof. 9. Композиционный материал по п.1, в котором фотокатализатор имеет диаметр, варьирующийся от примерно 1 нм до примерно 50,000 нм.9. The composite material according to claim 1, in which the photocatalyst has a diameter ranging from about 1 nm to about 50,000 nm. 10. Композиционный материал по п.9, в котором фотокатализатор имеет диаметр, варьирующийся от примерно 10 нм до примерно 100 нм.10. The composite material according to claim 9, in which the photocatalyst has a diameter ranging from about 10 nm to about 100 nm. 11. Композиционный материал по п.1, в котором усилитель обеспечивает удаление и разложение органических соединений, увеличивает фотокаталитическую активность композиционного материала или увеличивает химическую устойчивость композиционного материала.11. The composite material according to claim 1, in which the amplifier provides the removal and decomposition of organic compounds, increases the photocatalytic activity of the composite material or increases the chemical stability of the composite material. 12. Композиционный материал по п.1, в котором соотношение адсорбента к фотокатализатору составляет от примерно 0,1 до примерно до 10.12. The composite material according to claim 1, in which the ratio of adsorbent to the photocatalyst is from about 0.1 to about 10. 13. Композиционный материал по п.12, в котором соотношение адсорбента к фотокатализатору составляет от примерно 0,2 до примерно 6.13. The composite material according to item 12, in which the ratio of adsorbent to the photocatalyst is from about 0.2 to about 6. 14. Композиционный материал по п.1, в котором количество усилителя составляет от примерно 0,001% до примерно 5% от количества адсорбента в граммах.14. The composite material according to claim 1, in which the amount of amplifier is from about 0.001% to about 5% of the amount of adsorbent in grams. 15. Композиционный материал по п.14, в котором количество усилителя составляет от примерно 0,01% примерно до 0,2% от количества адсорбента в граммах.15. The composite material according to 14, in which the amount of amplifier is from about 0.01% to about 0.2% of the amount of adsorbent in grams. 16. Композиционный материал по п.14, в котором количество усилителя составляет от примерно 0,001% до примерно 5% от количества фотокатализатора в граммах.16. The composite material according to 14, in which the amount of amplifier is from about 0.001% to about 5% of the amount of photocatalyst in grams. 17. Композиционный материал по п.16, в котором количество усилителя составляет от примерно 0,01% до примерно 0,2% от количества фотокатализатора в граммах.17. The composite material according to clause 16, in which the amount of amplifier is from about 0.01% to about 0.2% of the amount of photocatalyst in grams. 18. Композиционный материал по п.14, в котором подложка представляет собой термопласт, его сплав или смесь, имеющую удельный вес, составляющий примерно от 0,8 до примерно 1.18. The composite material of claim 14, wherein the substrate is a thermoplastic, an alloy thereof, or a mixture having a specific gravity of about 0.8 to about 1. 19. Композиционный материал по п.18, в котором подложка представляет собой термопласт, его сплав или смесь, имеющую удельный вес, составляющий примерно от 0,9 до примерно 0,95.19. The composite material according to p, in which the substrate is a thermoplastic, its alloy or a mixture having a specific gravity of from about 0.9 to about 0.95. 20. Способ приготовления композиционного материала, включающий:20. A method of preparing a composite material, including: смешивание адсорбента, фотокатализатора и усилителя для создания смеси;mixing the adsorbent, photocatalyst and amplifier to create a mixture; проведение реакции со смесью при перемешивании при температуре примерно от температуры на 10°С ниже до температуры примерно на 30°С выше температуры плавления подложки;carrying out the reaction with the mixture with stirring at a temperature from about 10 ° C lower to about 30 ° C higher than the melting temperature of the substrate; добавление подложки в смесь;adding a substrate to the mixture; иммобилизация смеси на подложке для создания композиционного материала; иimmobilization of the mixture on a substrate to create a composite material; and отделение композиционного материала от оставшейся смеси.separation of the composite material from the remaining mixture. 21. Способ по п.20, дополнительно содержащий:21. The method according to claim 20, further comprising: a) охлаждение композиционного материала;a) cooling the composite material; b) промывание композиционного материала;b) washing the composite material; c) высушивание композиционного материала.c) drying the composite material. 22. Способ по п.21, в котором смесь, наплавленная на подложку, полностью покрывает поверхность подложки. 22. The method according to item 21, in which the mixture deposited on the substrate, completely covers the surface of the substrate.
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