RU185685U1 - FLEXIBLE INSERT FOR CARRYING BULK CARGOES IN RAILWAY SEMI-WAGONS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of rail transportation, and more specifically to the manufacture and use of flexible liners, which are equipped with railway gondola cars for transportation and unloading of bulk cargo. In a flexible liner for transportation of bulk cargo in railway gondola cars made of laminated woven polymer material, corresponding in length and width to the internal dimensions of the gondola car, consisting of the following elements: bottom, side and end surfaces, according to the claimed solution, contains a traction element, the formation of which involved the bottom of the liner and traction tapes made of woven polymeric material attached to the bottom of the liner. In this case, the traction element consists of the bottom of the liner, as well as the end parts or the front and rear end parts of the traction tapes. The corresponding end parts of the traction tapes of the traction element can be assembled into a single line with the formation of a loop or two, front and rear loops of the traction element. Due to the development and use of a new design of a flexible liner, the process of complete unloading of a gondola car is significantly simplified, the time of its unloading is reduced, and the quality of cleaning the gondola car from the remains of the transported material is improved.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of rail transportation, and more specifically to the manufacture and use of flexible liners, which are equipped with railway gondola cars for transportation and unloading of bulk cargo.

To transport bulk cargo (mineral fertilizers, etc.) by rail, both in Russia and abroad, gondola cars are actively used. The validity of the use of such funds is due to the ease of loading and unloading of the transported material from the gondola.

Recently, it has been actively used in conjunction with gondola cars for the transportation of the goods referred to as the so-called. "Flexible liners", in their geometry repeating the dimensions of gondola cars (matching the dimensions of the liner to the internal dimensions of the gondola car). Flexible liners are made of woven polymer material. The use of inserts allows you to protect the transported cargo from the effects of atmospheric precipitation, involuntary spillage of cargo during loading, transportation and unloading. In addition, the use of inserts allows you to save the presentation of the transported material, and also speeds up the process of cleaning gondola cars from the remnants of the transported cargo.

From the following patent information, technical solutions (analogues) similar in purpose and design are known: RU 124643, B61D 3/00, B60P 7/04, 02/10/2013, RU 102342, B61D 39/00, 02/27/2011, US 4124136, B61D 17/18, 11/07/1978, US 4557400, B61D 17/18, 12/10/1985, US 3756469, B61D 17/18, 09/04/1973, RU 100039, B61D 17/00, B61D 3/00, B65G 67/24, 12/10/2010.

The closest analogue of the claimed utility model is the technical solution disclosed in the description of utility model RU 90751, B61D 39/00, 01/20/2009. This publication discloses a flexible liner for transportation of bulk cargo in railway gondola cars made of laminated woven polymer material, corresponding to its dimensions to the internal dimensions of a gondola car. The liner completely covers the entire inner surface of the gondola and has an upper face.

Details of said liner are interconnected by sewing along the entire length of each rib of the liner. The upper face of the liner is provided with at least one loading sleeve, the loading sleeve is made of two loading sleeves, threaded one into the other, while the internal loading sleeve protrudes from the external loading sleeve. Also, in accordance with this utility model, a flexible insert fastener is provided that is mounted on the upper rib of the flexible insert and is configured to be attached to mating elements on the outer surface of the gondola car and to mating elements of the inner surface of the gondola car.

Common disadvantages for these analogues are as follows.

When unloading a gondola car by opening the unloading hatches located in its bottom part and the subsequent opening (“tearing”) of the flexible liner on the longitudinal and in some cases transverse beams of the gondola bottom, the remainder of the unloaded material is not removed by gravity. Those. cargo residues are formed that are not arbitrarily removed.

To unload such residues, you have to use manual labor, which significantly slows down the process of unloading the gondola and the train as a whole.

One of the significant drawbacks is that manual unloading of a gondola car is not always carried out efficiently and in full, which leads to the formation of residues of the transported material that are not removed from the gondola car (human factor).

In addition, this unloading technology negatively affects the health of workers directly descending into the gondola and manually removing the transported material.

The objective of the utility model is to eliminate the above disadvantages by developing a new design of the flexible liner and its subsequent use.

The utility model has a combination of technical results achieved simultaneously during its implementation: simplification of the process of unloading a gondola car, reducing the time of unloading a gondola car, improving the quality of cleaning the gondola car from the remnants of the transported material.

The specified problem is solved as follows.

In a flexible liner for transportation of bulk cargo in railway gondola cars made of laminated woven polymer material, corresponding in length and width to the internal dimensions of the gondola car, consisting of the following elements: bottom, side and end surfaces, according to the claimed solution, contains a traction element, the formation of which involved the bottom of the liner and traction tapes made of woven polymeric material attached to the bottom of the liner. In this case, the traction element consists of the bottom of the liner, as well as the end parts or the front and rear end parts of the traction belts. The corresponding end parts of the traction belts can be assembled into a single line to form a loop or two, front and rear loops of the traction element.

As you can see the distinguishing feature and the novelty of the liner is the presence in its design of a special so-called “Traction element”, due to which, using additional means (for example, a winch and / or crane), it is possible to lift the liner from the gondola car. When lifting the liner from the gondola car, for example, at an angle to its bottom, the collection and discharge of cargo residues through the discharge hatches located in the bottom of the gondola car are carried out.

The traction element consists of the bottom of the liner, as well as traction tapes attached to the bottom of the liner. It is the traction belts that are attached to the pulling winch and / or crane by means of a hook and a cable for lifting the liner from the gondola car.

To simplify the process of unloading a gondola car while strengthening the connection of the traction element with the winch (and / or crane), the front loop of the traction element is formed (created) from the front end parts of the traction tapes assembled into a single sling. In a similar way, the rear loop of the traction element is formed (created).

The implementation of the liner in fact with two loops of the traction element for unloading the gondola car: a) in the front part and b) the rear part - makes the liner a universal means of unloading gondola cars, because in the process of transportation of gondola cars to the place of their unloading, the front and rear of the gondola car can be interchanged. T.O. the implementation of the traction element with two loops simplifies the process of unloading the gondola car.

As you can see a) the presence of the traction element in the design of the liner and b) its (traction element) design are the hallmarks of the claimed solution.

In order that the traction element does not burst during unloading, it can be made of a more durable woven polymer, including laminated material. In addition, the design of the traction element can be strengthened by its manufacture from a multilayer and / or sleeve material.

The best result is achieved when the traction element contains two loops: front and back, formed from the corresponding end parts of the liner traction tapes assembled into a single line. However, this does not exclude the possibility of manufacturing an insert with a single loop.

Below are graphic materials explaining the essence of the utility model. Graphic materials demonstrate only one of the possible embodiments of the utility model.

In FIG. 1 - General view of the flexible liner (before stitching into a single design),

In FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the liner (side view) in the assembled state with the front and rear end parts of the traction tapes of the traction element located on a horizontal surface,

In FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the liner (side view) in the assembled state with the front and rear end parts of the traction tapes of the traction element located in an inclined (raised) position,

In FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the front and rear end parts of the traction tapes of the traction element after cutting, but before their assembly into single slings to form the front loop of the traction element and, accordingly, the rear loop of the traction element,

In FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the front and rear end parts of the traction tapes of the traction element after their assembly in single slings with the formation of the front loop of the traction element and the rear loop of the traction element,

In FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the liner (side view) in the assembled state with the front and rear end parts of the traction tapes assembled into single slings to form the front loop of the traction element and the rear loop of the traction element (all end parts of the traction tapes are located on a horizontal plane),

In FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the liner (side view) in the assembled state with the front and rear end parts of the traction belts assembled into single slings to form the front loop of the traction element and the rear loop of the traction element (all the end parts of the traction belts are located in a vertical plane),

In FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a gondola car emptied by gravity with cargo residues (for convenience, the liner is not shown) formed in the region of the longitudinal and transverse beams of the gondola bottom,

In FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of a gondola car emptied by gravity from which unloading (the so-called “additional unloading”) of the transported material (cargo) is carried out (removing from the gondola car the rest of the cargo formed (accumulated) in the region of the longitudinal and transverse beams of the gondola bottom) using a flexible liner made according to the claimed technical solution.

In FIG. 1 - FIG. 9.

1 - the bottom (bottom) of the flexible liner,

2 - front end parts of the traction tapes of the traction element of the flexible liner (assembled into a single sling with the formation of the front loop of the traction element),

3 - the rear end parts of the traction tapes of the traction element of the flexible liner (assembled into a single sling with the formation of the rear loop of the traction element),

4 and 5 - side surfaces of the flexible liner,

6 and 7 - the end surfaces of the flexible liner,

8 - traction tape "A",

9 - traction tape "B",

10 - traction tape "B",

11 - traction tape "G",

12 - traction tape "D",

13 - traction tape "E",

14 - the Central part of the traction element,

15 - the first side part of the traction element,

16 - the second side of the traction element,

17 - loop (front) of the traction element formed from the front end parts of the traction tapes,

18 - loop (rear) of the traction element formed from the rear end parts of the traction tapes,

19, 20 - cuffs of loops of the traction element,

21, 22 - auxiliary tape loops of the traction element,

23 - hinge assembly flexible liner,

24 - mounting tape assembly flexible liner,

25 - gondola car,

26 - unloading hatches of a gondola car,

27 - cargo (cargo residues, transported bulk material),

28 - winch.

The following is an example implementation of a utility model. An example demonstrates only one possible embodiment of a utility model.

1) Gondola (25) is delivered to the place of loading work. After that, they start mechanical cleaning of the inner surfaces of the gondola car (25) to place a flexible liner in it and load the transported bulk material (cargo), for example, mineral fertilizers.

2) After that, a flexible liner made of laminated woven polymer material and corresponding in length and width to the internal dimensions of the gondola (25) is placed in the gondola car (25). The height of the liner is determined by the specific gravity (density) of the transported material (cargo). Some sections of the liner, for example, the Central part (14) of the traction element to increase the strength characteristics can be further strengthened, for example, by its manufacture from a multilayer and / or sleeve material.

Parts of a flexible liner (during its manufacture): the bottom (1), side surfaces (4 and 5) and end surfaces (6 and 7) are interconnected, for example, by stitching. To improve the moisture-proof properties of the liner, the seams are additionally sealed with adhesive tape.

The insert is made with a traction element, in the formation of which the bottom (1) (bottom part) of the insert is involved.

The traction element is, as a rule, a reinforced (hardened) bottom structure containing: a bottom (1) and traction belts “A”, “B”, “C”, “G”, “D” and “E” (8- 13) (hereinafter referred to as traction belts (8-13).

Traction tapes (8-13) are used to form the front traction loop (17) and the rear traction loop (18) of the traction element - by connecting and stitching the end parts of the traction tapes into the corresponding single line.

Slings at the junction of the ends of the traction tapes (8-13) of the traction element to provide additional strength can be reinforced with cuffs (19 and 20), also made of laminated woven polymer material.

According to this example, the bottom (1) of the liner is made of three parts: the central (14) made of a sleeve woven polymeric material (to strengthen the traction element of the liner as a whole), and two side parts: (15) and (16).

The liner is placed in the gondola car (25) so that the front end parts of the traction tapes assembled in a single sling (2), as well as the rear end parts of the traction tapes assembled in a single sling (3), are accessible during the final unloading of the gondola car (25) ) (i.e. during its additional unloading (full unloading).

For this, according to this example, to the front loop (17) of the traction element formed from the front end parts of the traction tapes (8-13), in the place of their connection into a single sling with the help of a cuff (19), an auxiliary tape (21) is attached, which used to remove the loop (17) of the traction element and its subsequent attachment, for example, using a hook with a cable to the pulling winch (28) at the stage of the final unloading of the gondola car.

Also, according to this example, to the rear loop (18) of the traction element formed from the rear end parts of the traction tapes (8-13), at the place of their connection into a single sling with the help of a cuff (20), an auxiliary tape (22) is attached, which is used for removing the loop (18) of the traction element and its subsequent attachment, for example, using a hook with a cable to the pulling winch (28) at the stage of the final unloading of the gondola car.

3) In the gondola car (25), in which the flexible insert is previously placed, the transported material (cargo) is poured. After this, they begin to assemble (pack) the flexible liner with the formation of the upper parts of its lateral (4, 5) and end (6, 7) surfaces of the lid of the flexible liner, which reliably covers the transported cargo from above.

When assembling (packing) a flexible liner, various methods and means can be used to form a dense and airtight container (container).

For example, by placing on the upper parts or edges of the lateral (4, 5) and end (6, 7) surfaces of the liner a set of loops (23) and their corresponding fastening tapes (24), which provide strong bonding (connection) of the upper parts of the side (4, 5) and end (6, 7) surfaces of the liner.

4) After that, the gondola (25) is transported to the place of unloading. Tight fit of the liner cover to the cargo ensures the safety of the cargo and its presentation.

5) After delivery of the gondola car (25) to the unloading site, it is unloaded: open the unloading hatches (26) of the gondola car (25), open (tear) with a sharp object, for example, a knife, an insert (in the area of its adjoining to the unloading hatches (26) ) gondola (25)).

After that, the cargo by gravity (i.e., under the influence of gravity) from the gondola car (25) is poured through the unloading hatches (26) into the assembly hopper located under the gondola car (25), or onto the conveyor line, also located under the gondola car (25). Moreover, in the region of the longitudinal and / or transverse beams of the bottom of the gondola car (25), the remnants of the cargo (27) are formed, which cannot be eliminated by gravity.

Previously, in order to completely clear the gondola car (25) from cargo, including cargo (27) remaining in the region of the longitudinal and / or transverse beams of the gondola bottom (25), it was necessary to use manual labor. Unloading station workers descended into the gondola (25) and shovels poured the rest of the cargo (27) through the unloading hatches (26) of the gondola (25) into the assembly hopper or onto the conveyor line. This complicated and delayed the unloading of gondola cars, while depending on the nature of the transported cargo, the health of workers could be harmed (despite the safety measures taken). The quality of unloading gondola cars also suffered, as quite often, the remainder of the cargo (27) was not completely removed by the workers from the gondola (25).

The claimed technical solution allowed to eliminate these problems.

Due to the fact that the liner is equipped with a traction element used for the final, final unloading (additional unloading) of the gondola car (25) from the mentioned cargo residues (27), the process of complete unloading of the gondola car (25) is significantly simplified, the unloading time is reduced, and the quality of cleaning the gondola car (25 ) from the remnants of the transported material (27).

Using the auxiliary tape (21) or (22) (depending on the location of the gondola car relative to the winch (28)) from the gondola car (25), the front loop (17) of the traction element or the rear loop (18) of the traction element formed from assembled into a single sling of the corresponding end parts of the traction tapes (8-13).

Having attached the loop (17) or (18) of the traction element to the power elements of the winch (28), for example, using a hook and a cable, they begin lifting (removing) the liner from the gondola car (25).

Lifting the liner is naturally accompanied by spontaneous dumping (pouring) of the remaining cargo (27) from the gondola car (25) through the open discharge hatches (26) into the assembly hopper (or, for example, onto the conveyor line), which virtually eliminates the need for an additional, so-called “Manual” additional unloading and cleaning of gondola cars (25).

After complete removal of the liner from the gondola car (25), they proceed to unload the next gondola car (25).

As you can see, due to the development and use of the new design of the flexible liner, the process of complete unloading of the gondola car is significantly simplified, the time of its unloading is reduced, and the quality of cleaning the gondola from the remnants of the transported material is improved.

Claims (4)

1. A flexible liner for transportation of bulk cargo in railway gondola cars made of laminated woven polymer material, corresponding in length and width to the internal dimensions of the gondola car, consisting of a bottom, side and end surfaces, characterized in that it contains a traction element in the formation of which the bottom is involved liners and traction tapes made of woven polymeric material attached to the bottom of the liner, while the central part of the traction element is hardened, and the liner in the area of its fit I am made to the unloading hatches of the gondola car with the possibility of opening. 2. Flexible liner according to claim 1, characterized in that the traction element consists of the bottom of the liner, as well as traction tapes attached to the bottom of the liner, having front and rear end parts. 3. Flexible liner according to any one of paragraphs. 1-2, characterized in that the corresponding end parts of the traction tapes of the traction element are assembled in a single line with the formation of a loop of the traction element. 4. The flexible insert according to claim 1, characterized in that the central part of the traction element is made of a multilayer and / or sleeve material.

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