RU177225U1 - DEVICE FOR SIMULATION OF BURHAVE SYNDROME IN EXPERIMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to experimental surgery. The device includes a catheter tube, a latex balloon is attached to the proximal end and a connector for the syringe is located on the distal end, characterized in that the catheter tube is marked with a pitch of 5 mm ; the balloon size is calculated by the formula for determining the volume of the ball, the radius of which is taken to be equal to the radius of the esophagus of the experimental object, multiplied by a factor of 0.7. The device allows you to simulate esophageal ruptures in the area specified by the experimental conditions without damaging the chest, has a low cost, and can be reused.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to experimental surgery.

A known model of damage to the esophagus, namely the artificial creation of Mellori-Weiss syndrome (B.Bellmann et al. On the etiology and pathogenesis of Mellori-Weiss syndrome. Surgery. 1974. - No. 2. - S.14-19). The model is reproduced on human corpses by gradually injecting air with a manual pneumatic device into the esophagus after ligation of the esophagus into the stomach or stomach into the duodenum by laparotomy, before perforation occurs. Using a manometer, the amount of intragastric pressure is determined when perforation occurs.

A known method of modeling the syndrome of Mallory-Weiss in experimental animals (US Pat. No. 2425426 from 02.24.2010). The authors perform a laparotomy, isolate the stomach by ligating it in the area of the esophageal-gastric transition and at the border with the duodenum. A catheter is inserted into the lumen of the stomach, the laparotomy wound is tightly sutured. Additionally, a catheter is inserted into the abdominal cavity through a puncture of the anterior abdominal wall. Then, air is simultaneously pumped into the stomach and abdominal cavity until a rupture of the wall of the stomach is established.

The above methods are also applicable for modeling Burhave syndrome, however, they have extremely low accuracy in terms of the possibility of damage in a given section of the esophagus. Rupture occurs at the place where the tissue is most poor. In addition, laporotomy is associated with a significant damaging effect on the body of an experimental animal, and serves as a factor introducing uncertainty into the results of tissue repair as a result of therapeutic effects.

A device for modeling a local burn of the esophagus in experimental animals (Pat PM RU 134 422 from 05.24.2013)

The device includes a probe in the form of a tube of elastic material with a side opening, a capillary is inserted inside the probe, the distal end of the round-shaped probe blindly ends, and a swab made of absorbent material adjoins the capillary in the area of the distal end of the probe and the side opening. The proposed device provides the creation of a local scar on the esophagus, allows you to study the effect of various drugs, physical factors, etc. on the formation of scar tissue.

The lack of a device does not allow to recreate a rupture of the esophagus tissue, characteristic of Burhave syndrome.

The urological Foley catheter is known (medical products, found on the Internet http://www.beromed.ru/yrologiya/kateter-urologicheskiy-foleya-berocath.html). It has a large length of at least 280 mm and a diameter of at least 4 mm. The device includes a cylinder with a volume of 1.5 to 30 ml / cm ³ located at a certain distance from the distal end of the catheter tube.

Known Catheter Fogarty (medical products, found on the Internet http://medams.ru/kateter-polimernyy-dlya-embolektomii-i-trombektomii).

It has a tube with a diameter of one to 2.7 mm, ends blindly, with a soft atraumatic tip, which reduces the risk of damage to the vessel. At the end of the tube there is a balloon made of latex and additionally secured with silk thread. The proximal catheter is connected via a Luer connector to a syringe.

The disadvantage of this device is its impressive size and the presence of a distal end part, which, when immersed in the esophagus of an experimental animal, can damage it in any area as it dives. The cost of the product is more than a thousand rubles, which significantly increases the cost of the experiment.

The technical result of the utility model is the possibility of experimentally obtaining a rupture of the esophagus in any part of it, including the distal third, ease of manufacture, low cost.

The device consists of a catheter tube (1), which is marked (2) with a pitch of at least 5 mm; the distal end (3) is the place of attachment of the cylinder and the proximal end (4) is the place of connection with the fitting; cylinder (5), fitting (6) for connection with a syringe.

The catheter tube (1) was taken from the system for intravenous infusion of infusion solutions, length not more than 150 mm, diameter up to 7 mm [medical infusion system products, found on the Internet http://medkim.ru/sistemy-infuzionnye-i-transfuzionny] .

Marks (2) are applied to the catheter tube with a marker in increments of at least 5 mm.

The cylinder (5) is made of natural high-quality latex, for example, from a product with a registration certificate: FSZ 2010/07025 from 08.08.2014. The volume of the balloon is calculated by the formula for the volume of the ball:

V = 4/3 • πR ^3,

where V is the volume of the balloon, R is the radius of the balloon.

Based on the anatomical characteristics of the esophagus of laboratory animals [Anatomical and physiological characteristics of the digestive tract in humans and laboratory animals / Makarova M.N. et al. // International Journal of Veterinary Medicine, No. 1, 2016 - P.82-104] and obtained by us in During the experiment on rats, it was found that the volume of the balloon required for guaranteed rupture of the esophagus should be at least 4 ml / cm ³ , which corresponds to 0.7 of the radius of the esophagus.

For a rat, the average diameter of the esophagus of which is about 3 mm, the volume of the balloon at maximum filling with air will be

V = 4/3 • 3.14 • (1.5 • 0.7), ³

V = 4/3 • 3.14 • (1.5 • 0.7) ³ = 4.19 • 1.158 = 4.85 ml / cm ³ .

The balloon (5), the radius of which, according to the above calculations, should be 1.05 cm, is fixed on the distal end (3) of the catheter tube (1) with threads and glue.

At the proximal end (4) there is a fitting [medical materials found on the Internet http://kelly.ru/tzmoi_syringes.htm], which is intended for connection with a syringe.

The device operates as follows.

An experimental animal, such as a rat, whose weight is about 300 g, the average diameter of the esophagus is 1.5 mm, is immersed in inhalation anesthesia (Isoflurane). The experiment was carried out in full accordance with the rules for working with laboratory animals, regulated by Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of June 19, 2003 N 266 "On Approving the Rules of Clinical Practice in the Russian Federation" and the norms of humane treatment of animals. 4-5 minutes after the anesthesia works, the animal is placed on the operating table, fixed. Using a ruler, measure the distance from the larynx to the xiphoid process to determine the length of the esophagus and the depth of the immersion of the proposed device in the esophagus. If the distance from the larynx to the xiphoid process is about 5 cm, then the immersion depth of our device to obtain a gap in the lower third of the esophagus should be about 6 cm from the level of the animal’s teeth. Using soft clamps, the mouth of the animal is widely opened. Through the open mouth, the distal end (3) of the tube (1) with a balloon (5) fixed on it is inserted along the marks (2) on the catheter to a depth of about 6 cm from the level of the animal’s teeth. Using clamps, fix the tube (1) so that it does not move, remaining at a specified distance. Next, a medical syringe with a volume of 5 to 10 ml is connected to the fitting (6) of the tube (1) and air is pumped until a faint popping sound resembling the sound of a bursting balloon is heard. The air intake is stopped, the air that was previously pumped into the balloon (5) is sucked off with a syringe.

To confirm the results obtained by modeling Burhave syndrome in a given section of the esophagus, euthanasia was performed by overdose of anesthesia. The layer was opened in layers from the larynx to the peritoneum, the skin, chest and abdominal wall were fixed with clamps.

The diaphragm was dissected and the place of rupture of the esophagus was determined. Visual inspection (Fig. 2) confirmed that the gap (8) occurred, as planned in accordance with the objectives of the experiment, in the lower third of the esophagus (7).

Thus, we proposed a device that allows simulating esophageal ruptures without damage to the chest in a given section of the experiment. The device has a low cost, can be reused.

Description to the figures.

FIG. 1. General view of the device

1 - catheter tube;

2 - marking;

3 - the distal end - the place of attachment of the cylinder;

4 - proximal end - the place of attachment;

5 - cylinder;

6 - nozzle for connecting a syringe

FIG. 2. Rat Burhave Syndrome Model

7. The esophagus;

8. Place of rupture of the esophagus

Claims (1)

A device for modeling Burhave’s syndrome in an experiment, including a catheter tube, a latex balloon is attached to its distal end, and a connector for connecting it to a syringe to pump air into the balloon at the proximal end, and the catheter tube is marked to determine the depth of immersion in the esophagus applied with a pitch of at least 5 mm, while the latex balloon has a volume V calculated by the formula V = 0.7 × 4/3 R ³ , where 0.7 is the coefficient introduced to ensure a guaranteed gap, and R is the radius of the esophagus laboratory animal

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