RU175472U1 - Mesh air classifier - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is intended for the classification of rocks and building rocks, as well as other materials. The mesh pneumatic classifier contains a cylindrical body (10), a fan (1), a loading (4) and unloading (23, 25, 27) devices. The housing is divided into working chambers (11, 14, 17) by classifying grids (13, 16, 19) located perpendicular to the air mixture flow. The mesh size of the mesh decreases along the air flow. The housing is equipped with a diffuser (9) with an ejector (8) and a confuser (20). The loading device in the form of a hollow cylinder consists of an acceleration part (3) with a Laval nozzle (2) and a mixing (6). The mixing part, located after the upstream air stream, has chippers (28) and an air mixture swirler (7) for disaggregating the stream. The swirler (7) is made in the form of separate sections, half rings, sequentially installed on the lower half of the inner surface, and the chippers (28) in the form of plates on the upper. Each of the working chambers in the lower part has a slot hole (22, 24, 26), under which discharge devices are located in the form of separate bins (27, 25, 23) with locking mechanisms in the lower part. Such a technical solution will provide increased productivity, efficiency and sieving accuracy.

Description

The utility model relates to a technique for classifying rocks and building rocks, as well as other materials.

A device is known (USSR author's certificate SU 1228928 A1, 05/10/1983, publication 05/07/1986, bulletin No. 17) for sorting wood particles, including a horizontal cylindrical body, divided into separate working chambers by classification grids located perpendicular to the movement of the air flow of the mixture, with cells, the size of which decreases in the direction of flow of the air mixture, fan, loading and unloading devices.

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of the use of the area of the screening grids due to the uneven distribution of air flow.

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a mesh pneumatic classifier (patent for the invention of the Russian Federation RU 2600749 C1, 05/05/2015, publication 10.27.2016, bulletin No. 30), including a cylindrical body divided into working chambers by classification grids located perpendicular to the flow air mixture, with cells, the size of which decreases along the flow of the air mixture, a fan, loading and unloading devices, while the cylindrical body has a diffuser with an ejector in which is placed o a loading device made in the form of a hollow cylinder, consisting of a booster and mixing parts, while the booster part is provided with a Laval nozzle from the inlet side of the air flow, the mixing part located after the booster along the air flow has an air mixture swirl on the inner surface, in addition, each of the working chambers in the lower part has a slotted hole, under each of which there are unloading devices made in the form of separate bins with locking mechanisms in the lower asti.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low efficiency of the use of the area of the sieving grids due to insufficiently active mixing and disaggregation of sticky particles of different sizes together during movement along the mixing part of the loading device, which reduces the efficiency of the classification process.

The technical result is to increase the efficiency and productivity of the classifier, sieving accuracy.

This is achieved by the fact that the new technical solution of the mesh pneumatic classifier is characterized in that fenders in the form of plates are placed on the upper half of the inner surface of the mixing part of the loading device, and the screw-like inserts of the air swirl swirl are made in the form of separate half-rings, sequentially mounted on the lower half of the inner surface mixing part of the loading device, while adjacent sections of each half-ring have right and left directions of helical lines.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a mesh pneumatic classifier, General view. The mesh pneumatic classifier contains a fan (1), a loading device (4), its accelerating part (3) with a Laval nozzle (2) and a mixing part (6) with an inlet pipe (5), an air swirl (7) and chippers (28) . The loading device (4) on the outlet side of the air flow has a diffuser (9) with an ejector (8). The diffuser (9) is attached to the housing (10), divided by classification grids (13, 16, 19) into working chambers (11, 14, 17). On the other side of the housing (10), a confuser (20) is attached, equipped with a filter element (21). The working chambers (11, 14, 17) below have slotted holes (26, 24, 22), under which there are bunkers (27, 25, 23) with locking mechanisms (not shown in Fig.). To install the classification nets (13, 16, 19) and quickly replace them in the upper part of the cylindrical body (10), slots (12, 15, 18) were made.

In FIG. 2 is a section AA, FIG. 3 - section BB. On the upper half of the inner surface of the mixing part (6) of the loading device (4) there are chippers (28) in the form of plates. The screw-like inserts of the air mixture swirl (7) are made in the form of separate sections-semirings (29, 30), sequentially mounted on the lower half of the mixing part (6) of the loading device (4), while the sections (29) have the right ones and the sections (30) ) - the left directions of helical lines.

The device operates as follows.

When the fan (1) is turned on, an open air flow is formed in the loading device (4) and the working chambers (11, 14, 17).

The accelerating part (3) of the loading device (4) is equipped with a Laval nozzle (2), the design of which creates a high-speed turbulent air flow. A polydisperse mixture of finely divided mineral particles enters the mixing part (6) of the loading device (4) through the inlet pipe (5), which is picked up by the air flow, forming a two-phase air mixture.

During the movement of the air flow with a polydisperse mixture of finely ground mineral particles along the mixing part (6) of the loading device (4), larger particles move in its lower part, which, falling into the hollows of the helical lines of the first half-section (29), are directed along the spiral path from below up, for example, from right to left. Other large particles, which make a similar movement, arrive at the vacated space. Having reached the second half-section (30), large particles fall into the hollows of its helical lines and are directed along a helical path from bottom to top, from left to right, etc. In the upper part of the mixing chamber, large particles collide with chippers (28) or between each other, resulting in additional grinding of particles, their active mixing, disaggregation of coalesced particles, which leads to a more uniform distribution of particle size in the cross section of the flow, increasing productivity, sieving efficiency and accuracy.

The two-phase air-mineral mixture accelerated in the accelerating part (3) and receiving a screw-like motion in the mixing part (6) enters the diffuser (9), where its speed slows down and expands for a more uniform distribution on the surface of the classification grid (13). The ejector (8), capturing the "intake" air, provides an influx of additional air and an increase in pressure in the diffuser (9) and working chambers (11, 14, 17), thereby contributing to an increase in the lifting force of the air and the uniform distribution of particles along the grids (13, 16, 19) of the working chambers (11, 14, 17).

Particles that have not passed holes in the grid (13) enter through the slot hole (26) into the hopper (27) to return to the secondary grinding.

Particles that have passed through openings in the grid (13) are entrained by a stream of air into the working chamber (14), where particles larger than the holes in the grid (16) fall through the slotted hole (24) into the finished product bin (25).

Particles passing through holes in the grid (16) fall into the working chamber (17), where they are collected through the slotted hole (22) in the finished product bin (23).

The dust stream passing through the holes of the classification grid (19), with the help of a confuser (20) narrows, increasing the speed of particles that are captured by the filter element (21).

Claims (1)

Mesh pneumatic classifier, including a cylindrical body, divided into working chambers by classification grids located perpendicular to the air mixture flow, with cells, the size of which decreases along the air flow, the fan, loading and unloading devices, while the cylindrical body has a diffuser with an ejector, which contains a loading device made in the form of a hollow cylinder, consisting of a booster and mixing parts, while the booster part from the input side the ear stream is equipped with a Laval nozzle, the mixing part, located after the accelerating along the air flow, has an air mixture swirl on the inner surface, in addition, each of the working chambers has a slot in the lower part, under each of which there are unloading devices made in the form individual bins with locking mechanisms in the lower part, characterized in that on the upper half of the inner surface of the mixing part of the loading device are placed fenders in the form of plates, and screw inserts of the swirl of the air mixture are made in the form of separate sections, half rings, sequentially installed on the lower half of the inner surface of the mixing part of the loading device, while the adjacent sections of each half ring have the right and left directions of the helical lines.

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