RU169641U1 - Automated complex for cleaning parts and assemblies of rolling stock - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of railway transport, namely, devices for cleaning parts and assemblies of rolling stock, and can be used in the process of their repair in the conditions of locomotive repair enterprises and in enterprises repairing motor-car rolling stock. Technical result achieved by using a useful models, - improving the quality and ensuring the adaptability of the washing complex to the cleaning of various types of traction engines that differ in size and design.

Description

Technical field

The utility model relates to the field of railway transport, and in particular to devices for cleaning parts and assemblies of rolling stock, and can be used in the process of their repair in the conditions of locomotive repair enterprises and in enterprises for the repair of motor-car rolling stock.

The technical result achieved by using the utility model is to improve the quality and ensure the adaptability of the washing complex to cleaning various types of parts and components of rolling stock, differing in size and design.

State of the art

Known washer for cleaning the skeleton [Repair of electrical machines / V.G. Komolov, S.I. Faib, A.A. Alekseev. - M.: Transport, 1975. - 360 p.]. It contains a cylindrical chamber inside which there is a round rotary table and a shower system consisting of three tanks and one central pipe with nozzles. The bath chamber is equipped with a cover, the operation of which is ensured by pneumatic cylinders, and has an exhaust hood to remove fumes from the ventilation. Under the camera is a container for heating water. Hot water for washing is fed through a filter to the shower system using a centrifugal pump. An electric motor rotates the table through a gear train. The disadvantage of this device is the low quality of cleaning the skeleton of the traction engine, which is due to the supply of water at low pressure, and the design of the machine does not allow the use of high pressure aggregates to supply the washing liquid to the nozzles, since in this case the intensity of the jet flowing from the nozzle will be insufficient for removal of contaminants from the surface of the core.

Known washing complex [Patent RU No. 2288787, filed August 23, 2005, IPC B08B 3/02, B08B 3/04]. The complex comprises a washing chamber containing washing devices for washing the surface, at least from the side and from below, made in the form of collectors with nozzles placed in the washing chamber, a conveyor with a drive, containers for accommodating the washing solution and dumping the contaminated solution formed in washing process, interconnected by pipelines with shutoff valves installed on them and pumps for pumping contaminated and purified washing solution. The transporting means is made in the form of a chain conveyor, the chains of which are mounted in the channels of the inspection ditch, with transporting trolleys and is equipped with a reverse drive. The complex is also equipped with devices to protect the traction motor from moisture entering the body during washing, made in the form of power cylinders with plugs and installed in the chamber with the possibility of longitudinal and transverse movements. At the same time, the collectors of each of the side washing devices are mounted on a U-shaped base rotatable relative to their axis of symmetry with respect to the horizontal axis, the lower washing device collector is rotatable with respect to its horizontal axis, and the washing device collectors and U-shaped the base is equipped with power cylinders and pivotally connected to them. The disadvantage of this design is that it is not universal, cannot be used to clean many parts and assemblies, it does not have targeted cleaning of the surface of the part, it is necessary to use special cleaning solutions.

The closest technical solution to the claimed one is a washer for automated cleaning of mechanical parts and assemblies [Patent RU No. 2348553, filed July 24, 2007, IPC B60S 3/04, B08B 3/02]. It consists of a washing chamber and a hydraulic monitor having a head with pneumatic drive cylinders. The device is equipped with displacement sensors and proximity sensors. A unit for supplying water under high pressure serves to wash the instruments. In the washing chamber there is a rotary table with a stand on which the device to be cleaned is installed. The rotary table is driven by an induction motor with a gearbox. To control the compressed air supply mechanisms, a pneumatic distributor unit with a control cabinet is used. The device has a protective casing, driven by a cylinder. An air atomizer is used to dry the instruments. Dirty water is drained through the drain tee. The device allows you to reuse the washing liquid, allows the washing process of parts and assemblies in automatic mode without the use of detergents and water heating. In the memory of the control unit, it is possible to quickly enter cleaning programs for various products by manually entering them from the control panel, which makes the washing machine universal. The washing machine has an indication of the progress of cleaning the device, which allows you to control the entire process of cleaning the product: washing and drying it.

In practice, it is intended for washing relatively small parts and cannot be used for washing traction electric motors of rolling stock and provides a small degree of freedom, therefore it is impossible to perform high-quality washing of large complex products with its use.

PM disclosure

The task to which the claimed utility model is aimed is to improve the quality and ensure the adaptability of the washing complex to clean various types of parts and components of rolling stock, differing in size and design. Using the proposed model will allow cleaning large-sized parts of rolling stock of complex configuration, while ensuring high quality cleaning with a minimum consumption of energy, water and without the use of detergents.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the part or assembly of the rolling stock placed in the washing chamber is exposed to a jet of water under high pressure coming through the hose from the washing device (washing gun). The product to be cleaned is placed on a turntable that rotates during cleaning. The movement of the washing device along the surface to be cleaned is provided by a mechanical adaptive manipulator, which has four degrees of freedom, and consists of three solid, constant-length links, connected in series by rotational joints. This chain is connected at one end with the base of the manipulator, its other end is free and equipped with a washing device. All movements of the links are carried out using pneumatic cylinders, by means of relative angular changes, at the point of the swivel joints of the manipulator. The manipulator is controlled based on the receipt and processing of visual information coming from the vision system. The technical vision system includes a digital video camera and a laser module, which are used to construct a three-dimensional surface of the cleaning object using the active triangulation method. Information about the object is transmitted to the control microcomputer, which paves the way for the washing device and sets control signals for the manipulator. Thanks to the rotation of the turntable and the movement of the manipulator with a washing gun, a targeted action of a jet of water is provided at each point of the surface being cleaned, taking into account its configuration. The length of the hose through which the cleaning fluid enters is adjusted using a spring coil and the hose does not interfere with the operation of the manipulator. The cleaned devices after the washing process are dried using air coming from the air atomizer. The entire cleaning process is fully automated.

Description of drawings

In FIG. 1 shows an automated complex for cleaning parts and assemblies of rolling stock, consisting of a washing chamber 1, a stand 2, on which the product being cleaned 3 is installed, a rotary table 4, the rotation of which is provided by an asynchronous motor 5 with a reducer 6. Pneumatic cylinders 7 lower the sunroof 8, insulating cleaning zone. The movement of the washing gun 9 is provided by a mechanical manipulator 10. A digital video camera 11, a laser module 12 and a microcomputer 13 provide control of the manipulator 10 and the asynchronous motor 5. The high-pressure water jet generated by the apparatus 14 enters the gun 9 through the hose 15. The spring coil 16 controls the length of the hose 15. The casing 17 protects the manipulator 10 from water splashes and dirt generated during cleaning of the assembly. Air sprayers 23 dry the product after cleaning. To control the compressed air supply mechanisms, the pneumatic distributor unit 18 is located in the control cabinet 19. The control panel 20 starts the installation and manual and semi-automatic operation modes of the entire washing machine are possible.

In FIG. 2 shows a functional diagram of an automated complex for cleaning parts and assemblies of rolling stock. The vision system 21 collects information about the configuration of the cleaning object using a laser module 12 and a digital video camera 11. The micro-computer 13 analyzes the visual information of the cleaning object and transmits control signals to the actuators 22 of the complex (asynchronous motor 5, mechanical manipulator 10, air distributor 18, high pressure apparatus 14), which clean the product.

PM implementation

The proposed utility model operates as follows. The product 3 to be cleaned is installed in the washing chamber 1 on the stand 2 of the turntable 4. The stand 2 can be changed depending on the type of assembly or part of the rolling stock. After installing the product, the operator starts the washing complex, using the control panel 20, the sunroof 8 is lowered and isolates the cleaning zone. The vision system 21 of the cleaning object is turned on, the laser module 12 projects a light pulse (laser line) onto the product to be cleaned, and the digital video camera 11 fixes the location of the laser on the surface of the object. Using the rotary table 4, the cleaning object rotates around its axis and, depending on how the strip moves along the surface of the product, the laser appears in various places of the field of view of the digital video camera 11, thereby creating a three-dimensional model of the object using a special program on the microcomputer 13 After recognition of the cleaning object, the micro-computer 13 paves the route of the washing device 9 along the surface of the object, and then sets the control signals for the mechanical manipulator 10. The mechanical manipulator 10 delivers t washing device 9 at each point of the working space of the washing chamber along the surface of the traction motor 3. At this point in time, high-pressure water generated by the apparatus 14 through the hose 15 enters the washing device 9, while a jet of water falling on the surface of the assembly or part cleans it from pollution. Contaminated water along the sleeve connects the washer to a water treatment plant (not shown). After completing the washing program, the manipulator stops and the water supply stops. Next is the drying program of the device, during which the rotation of the rotary table 4. The compressed air from the atomizer 23 is supplied to the surface of the device. At the end of the drying program of the device, the rotation of the rotary table 4 is stopped, the compressed air supply is stopped. Hatch 8 rises, giving access to the cleaned product 3. In the manual mode of the complex, the manipulator, the drying program can be controlled using the control panel 20. In semi-automatic mode, the manipulator moves along a specially designed path set in advance in the program, without using technical vision equipment.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is due to the fact that it allows the cleaning of parts and assemblies of rolling stock of complex configuration in automatic mode with high quality without the use of expensive detergents. The vision system allows you to distinguish between cleaning objects, which makes the washer universal.

Claims (2)

1. An automated complex for cleaning parts and assemblies of rolling stock, comprising a washing chamber, inside of which there is a rotary table driven by an electric motor with a gearbox, a high-pressure unit used to wash parts and assemblies of rolling stock, a system for collecting and reusing used fluid, air atomizer for drying the product after cleaning, control system for actuators, characterized in that the complex is supplemented by a multi-link adaptive manipulator, cat ing moves obmyvochnoe device according to a specific trajectory depending on the configuration of the surface of the cleaned articles. 2. The automated complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the manipulator’s movement is controlled on the basis of data on the spatial coordinates of the surface of the product being cleaned, formed using a technical vision system consisting of a digital video camera, a laser module and a microcomputer, using the active triangulation method .

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