RU152536U1 - ANIMAL AREA ROUND SHAPED - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A livestock housing for keeping farm animals, having a round shape with a diameter equal to D, while it has a roof (1) in the shape of a cone, and in the roof (1) there is an opening on top with a ventilation superstructure installed in it (2), while there are many concentric annular spaces inside the room for stall keeping, collection and movement of farm animals, as well as a milking parlor located in the center of the room, characterized in that the ratio from the roof (1) from the hypothetical top (3) of the cone to its base to the diameter of the livestock building D is in the range i = 0.14-0.24, and with it the roof slope (1) is in the range α = 15 ° -25 ° from the horizontal level. 2. The livestock building according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with an automatic animal movement system comprising a plurality of movable gates in a pneumatically controlled stall enclosure, a plurality of movable chain adjusters between the animal stalls and the animal collection room and / or in the waiting room in front of the milking parlor hall, and / or in the room for the collection of animals and an autonomous control system that manages the gate system and adjusters. 3. The livestock building according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with an automatic feeding system for animals, ensuring compliance with the feed ration, feeding time intervals and minimizing waste of unused feed. 4. Livestock building under item 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with

Description

Technical field

The proposed technical solution relates to the field of animal husbandry, in particular, to the maintenance of productive dairy cows.

State of the art

Stall keeping in animal husbandry, in particular the maintenance of productive dairy cows, can be carried out in premises of various types. A classic example is rectangular cowsheds of large capacity. In such premises there is at least one longitudinal passage, on the sides of which there are stalls for dairy cows. In such a longitudinal passage, feed is delivered to the cows and personnel are approached. Other longitudinal aisles (corridors) are used for the excrement of dairy cows (manure and slurry), as well as for the movement of animals kept in the stalls to the milking parlor.

This layout is disadvantageous for logistics reasons - the need to transport and move the cows to the milking parlor is time-consuming and requires the participation of a larger number of staff, taking into account the length of the track. In this regard, dairy cows spend more time outside their stall (moving to the milking parlor and back) than this is considered optimal. This adversely affects milk productivity, both in terms of quality and in terms of quantity.

These disadvantages are largely eliminated by using livestock buildings of round or mainly round shape. The layout of such a building is known from the application under the number WO 0219807. It depicts a round livestock building that has a round horizontal projection and a cone-shaped roof. A hole was made in the upper part of the roof, in which a ventilation superstructure was equipped. Inside the livestock building there is a system of concentrically arranged annular spaces for stall keeping, collection and movement of farm animals, and a milking parlor is located in the middle of the livestock building. This application examines the individual feeding system and does not address other important aspects of the stall, and does not determine the exact shape of the barn building. There is no provision for optimizing the parameters of natural ventilation with the prevention of draft, they do not consider the possibility of minimizing the distance animals are forced to walk, they do not consider the system of automatically guiding animals, and there is no concept (and possibility) of fully automating the operation of the production site.

The described disadvantages are eliminated by the proposed technical solution.

Utility Model Disclosure

The essence of the technical solution lies in the use of a circular shape for keeping farm animals. The diameter of the room is equal to D, or perhaps a horizontal projection of the room is used in the form of an n-gon inscribed in a circle with a diameter of D. The wall can be supplemented with a roll-up transparent screen to protect against drafts. If necessary, it can be raised by opening the side wall. The building has a roof in the shape of a cone or a pyramid with an n-carbon base. At the top of the roof there is an opening with a ventilation superstructure installed in it. A transparent roofing material can be installed on the ventilation setting. Inside the building there is a system of concentrically arranged annular spaces intended for stall keeping, collecting and moving farm animals, while a milking parlor is located in the center of the barn. The ratio of the height H of the hypothetical top of the roof, if it is not planned to use the ventilation setting, to the diameter of the livestock building D, is in the range i = 0.14-0.24. At the same time, the roof slope is in the range α = 15 ° -25 ° from the horizontal level.

In a more advantageous embodiment, the round-shaped livestock building can be supplemented by an automatic animal movement system. As part of the system there are many movable gates with pneumatic control in the enclosure of animal stalls. In addition, it also contains a plurality of movable chain adjusters between the animal stalls and the animal collection room and / or in the waiting rooms in front of the milking parlor and / or in the animal collection room. The entire gate and adjuster system is controlled by an autonomous control system. As part of such controlled movement of animals, automatic selection and fixation of individual individuals is ensured.

In yet another advantageous embodiment, the round-shaped livestock building may be equipped with an automatic animal feeding system. Such a system can be used to maintain a feed ration, time intervals between feedings and to minimize waste of unused feed, i.e. surplus feed.

In yet another advantageous embodiment, the round livestock building can be equipped with an automated milking parlor and / or an automatic data collection system. The data collected is the input parameters for automatically controlling the operation of the site (in particular, the temperature inside and outside the room, air humidity, temperature and amount of drinking water, animal movement activity, milk yield, milk yield, electrical conductivity of milk, feed ration - composition, volume and etc.).

In addition, a round-shaped livestock building can be equipped with an automatic site management system with the possibility of prognostic modeling of results. Such results may be data relating to milk (for example, its quantity and quality, as well as the weight of animals, the health status of dairy cows, their condition, the success of insemination, etc.) in real time.

The described technical solution can be used to maintain productive dairy cows in large livestock buildings. Advantageous implementations, in particular, can be used at automated production sites, in particular using automated technological systems for feeding, milking and moving animals, as well as an automatic herd management system with prediction of output results. The chosen form of construction makes it possible to obtain very good ventilation parameters, air flow directions and air exchange in the facility. In addition, the capacity of the livestock building can be increased by attaching several "sleeves" in the shape of an asterisk. In this case, each of these sleeves will include stalls of dairy cows of the same nature and location as in the main room. This means that between the stalls for animals there is a stern table, nearby heated places for animals pass heated drinking gutters.

In a specific implementation, we are talking about a livestock building of a round horizontal projection intended for productive dairy cows and designed for a large number of farm animals. In the center of the room is a round-shaped milking parlor, around which there is a prefabricated waiting room in an annular space. Stalls for dairy cows are located in the next several annular spaces from the center of the room to its periphery. In one plug-in annular space there is also a feed table, on which a mixture of diet components is placed. Watering is provided by means of heated drinking gutters located in the vicinity of cattle beds. Such a layout makes the movement of animals in the livestock building optimal and reduces to a minimum the distance that a dairy cow needs to cover for feeding and milking.

In the livestock building, it is possible to use non-littering, best of all with fully slotted floors in manure passages, feeding areas and barred execution in the waiting room. As an alternative to slurry, other technologies can be used: shovels for slurry, mobile means for manure removal, etc.

Slurry can be collected by means of channels and inclined gutters located under the gratings into intermediate manure receptacles located outside the livestock building, from where it will subsequently be pumped into large capacity containers intended for storage.

The following is also used as technological equipment for the round-shaped livestock building:

- a standard metal fence to limit stall areas, with the possibility of using a removable fence, which will allow you to change the size of the lying boxes.

- heated stainless steel drinking gutters for distribution of drinking water with frost protection, designed for animals to drink. For preheating in the winter season, waste heat from milk is also partially used - flow-through pre-cooling units for milk in the milking parlor are connected to the distribution of water for drinking.

- automatic feed line connected to the mixing area located outside (outside the barn), for mixing and gradual feeding to the feed table. An automatic feed dispenser of the feed line several times a day distributes the feed ration mixture to the corresponding sections of the dairy cows, and during the following route (at the same time) supplements the feed. Feeding is provided by a mixture of diet components with an individual recipe for a particular section.

- a round-shaped milking parlor with a large capacity from 40 to 60 milking places is equipped with a modern control system that provides daily identification, measurement and accounting of milk yield parameters for each animal, parameters of the animal’s health and condition, activity during the day and signs of estrus for each cash cow. The collection of such data is fully automated and supplemented by assessment.

- flow-through pre-cooling devices and end milk cooling devices, through which milk enters the external storage tanks with a capacity of one-day volume of milk produced. Cooling units are located outside the barn facility, close to the storage tank.

- a system for recovering waste milk heat, solved in two stages. At the first stage, milk is fed through a pre-cooling device, in which its temperature drops by about 10 ° C and this heat heats the drinking water for the drinkers (pre-cooling devices are connected to the distribution of this water). In the next step, milk is fed through the end flow-through cooling devices, in which it gives off about 20 ° C of heat. Used recovery devices mounted in the cooling system, using this waste heat, preheat hot process water for the entire farm.

- The technology for removing slurry from (pumping) manure inlets is ensured by powerful electric mixers and pumps with non-contact level height monitoring, which ensure automatic pumping into containers intended for storage. Cleaning slit floors from slurry residues is provided by programmable washing machines, which are recharged in specially equipped places.

The round horizontal projection and construction of the construction site, including the internal layout of specific technological elements, provides easier access to the feed table, drinking bowls and milking parlor for the kept animals, as well as very good ventilation of the room. Here, the maximum use of the chimney effect without undesirable draft and the lighting of the entire structure is used (both factors are especially important in the area of animals). The technology used to ventilate the room allows you to simultaneously monitor (change the concentration / volume) gases that have arisen in the barn’s premises and are removed to the external environment (through the ventilation superstructure), as well as apply measures aimed at reducing the gas volume or eliminating them.

The livestock building is designed for the possibility of using a fully automatic feed line for multiple laying and lining of feed (total mixed feed ration, TMR - total mix ration) during the day with the possibility of feeding different mixtures of diet components (with different recipes) into separate sections (i.e. different groups of animals). You can also use the classic feed tab using a feeder. Applied technology compared to the classical method: laying a mixed diet with a feed dispenser 1-2 times a day provides a significantly higher daily intake of dry matter and converts feed into products in animals kept in stalls.

In addition, to maximize the use of the proposed animal movement system as a whole (herd management), a round milking parlor is installed in the round livestock building, which combines very well with the concept of the proposed management of the production site as a whole. The concept of a round-shaped livestock building provides the possibility of fully robotic milking (a fully robotic round milking unit). This element can be replaced by other milking systems, however, they probably will not be as effective as the proposed system with a round milking unit. The nature of the construction object (the size of the sections / groups is a round horizontal projection) allows service personnel to conveniently move around the animal husbandry premises (i.e. between the sections of animals kept in the stalls and the milking parlor), having a good view of the animals. It also provides the ability to quickly and timely respond in the event of problems and complications associated with keeping animals.

Bezel-free maintenance with an optimally solved end device for slurry makes it possible to connect to a biogas station, which seems to be an environmentally important addition to this large production site. In addition, there is the possibility of efficient use of waste heat within the entire site (i.e. heating of drinking and industrial water for the needs of the entire farm).

In accordance with preliminary calculations of the movement of animals during the day (first of all, the movement for milking and vice versa is taken into account; it is also possible to move to the selection and fixing section and stay in them), significant time savings were observed compared to the classical keeping in stalls in rooms classical rectangular horizontal projection with a similar number of animals kept. As a result of such a fundamental reduction in the time required for the movement of animals (milking, fixation) during the day, it can be assumed that more time will be required to take food, water and rest. These aspects should significantly affect the well-being of animals, which will subsequently lead to an increase in their milk production, improved reproduction, health status, and therefore the entire economy of their maintenance. All movement from separate sections to the milking parlor and back will be carried out using automatic adjusters located in the manure corridors, main corridors, as well as in the waiting room and milking parlor. This system allows you to carefully adjust the animals and at the same time saves labor on the farm. At the same time, it makes it possible to observe the time of all daily herd care procedures, which is a key factor from the point of view of modern herd management.

In general, the concept is designed for maximum automation of the entire production site. It provides the collection of relevant information and data on all used technological systems and peripheral devices, including settable information on the state of health, productivity, condition and reproduction of animals. Based on the assessment of these data, automatic control of the systems is assumed, including the possibility of prognostic modeling of possible deviations of the input parameters (temperature, humidity, feed ration, etc.), as well as the possibility of a timely reaction to prevent instability of the output results.

A round-shaped livestock building in accordance with the proposed technical solution provides the following advantages:

- a short distance to the place of feeding and milking for the whole herd, which is on a stall;

- excellent air conditions due to natural ventilation;

- A full view of the inside of the livestock building;

- the possibility of optimal use of automatic technological systems for feeding, milking and moving animals.

This ensures high productivity and a significant reduction in the cost of milk, as the final raw material, in conditions of increased animal welfare (welfare), from the state of health and condition. Here it is possible to react and timely correct adverse parameters at the inlet (feeding, ambient temperature, etc.) in order to maintain a given stability of the parameters at the outlet both in quantity and in quality.

Brief Description of the Drawings

An example implementation of the proposed solution is described with reference to the drawings, in which

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a livestock building in a lateral section,

FIG. 2 is a designation of the ratio of the hypothetical height H to the diameter D of the livestock building, without a ventilation superstructure,

FIG. 3 is a horizontal projection of a livestock building.

Utility Model Implementation

In accordance with the proposed technical solution, a round-shaped livestock building was created for keeping farm animals. The livestock building has a round horizontal projection, and the diameter of the room is D. The value of D in this case is 120 meters. The room has a cone-shaped roof 1. In the upper part of the roof 1 has a hole equipped with a ventilation setting 2. Inside the livestock building there is a system of seven concentrically arranged annular spaces intended for stall keeping, collection and movement of farm animals, while a milking parlor is located in the center of the barn.

The ratio of the height H of the hypothetical top 3 of roof 1, if you do not plan to use the ventilation setting 2, to the diameter of the livestock building D, is then i = (0.22). The inclination of the roof 1 in this case is α = 20 ° from the horizontal level.

The livestock building in the round form in this case is equipped with an automatic animal movement system. As part of this system, there are movable gates in the enclosure of animal stalls with pneumatic control. In addition, it includes many movable chain adjusters in the area between the stalls and the animal collection room and / or in the waiting rooms in front of the milking parlor and / or in the animal collection room. The control of the gate system and the adjusters takes place using an autonomous control system.

A round-shaped livestock building is also equipped with an automatic animal feeding system. It is intended to comply with the feeding ration, the time interval between feedings and to minimize the waste of unused feed. In addition, it is equipped with an automated milking parlor, an automatic data collection system and an automatic control system for the operation of the production site with the possibility of prognostic modeling of results in real time.

An embodiment is shown in FIG. 1-3.

Digital notation list

1 - roof

2 - ventilation superstructure

3 - roof top

Claims (8)

1. A livestock housing for keeping farm animals, having a round shape with a diameter equal to D, while it has a roof (1) in the shape of a cone, and in the roof (1) there is an opening on top with a ventilation superstructure installed in it (2), while there are many concentric annular spaces inside the room for stall keeping, collection and movement of farm animals, as well as a milking parlor located in the center of the room, characterized in that the ratio from the roof (1) from the hypothetical top (3) of the cone to its base to the diameter of the livestock building D is in the range i = 0.14-0.24, and with it the roof slope (1) is in the range α = 15 ° -25 ° from the horizontal level. 2. The livestock building according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with an automatic animal movement system, comprising a plurality of movable gates in the enclosure of the stalls with pneumatic control, a plurality of movable chain adjusters between the animal stalls and the animal collection room and / or in the waiting room in front of the milking parlor, and / or in the room for collecting animals and an autonomous control system that manages the gate system and adjusters. 3. The livestock building according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with an automatic feeding system for animals, ensuring compliance with the feed ration, feeding time intervals and minimizing waste of unused feed. 4. The livestock building according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with an automated milking parlor and / or an automatic data collection system, and / or an automatic control system for the operation of the production site with the possibility of prognostic modeling of results in real time. 5. A livestock building for keeping farm animals with a roof, and in the roof (1) there is a hole with a ventilation superstructure (2) installed in it, and inside the building there are many concentric annular spaces intended for stall keeping, collecting and moving agricultural animals, as well as a milking parlor located in the center of the room, characterized in that the livestock building has the shape of an n-gon inscribed in a circle with a diameter of D, and the lynx (1) is made in the form of a pyramid with an n-coal base, the ratio of the height H of which from the hypothetical top (3) to the base of the roof (1) to the diameter D, in which the polygonal base of the livestock building is inscribed, is in the range i = 0.14 -0.24, and with it the roof slope (1) is in the range α = 15 ° -25 ° from the horizontal level. 6. The livestock building according to claim 5, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with an automatic animal movement system comprising a plurality of movable gates in the enclosure enclosure with pneumatic control, a plurality of movable chain adjusters between the animal stalls and the animal collection room and / or in the waiting room in front of the milking parlor and / or in the room for collecting animals and an autonomous control system that manages the gate system and adjusters. 7. The livestock building according to claim 5, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with an automatic feeding system for animals, ensuring compliance with the feed ration, intervals during feeding and minimizing waste of unused feed. 8. The livestock building according to claim 5, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with an automated milking parlor and / or an automatic data collection system, and / or an automatic control system for the operation of the production site with the possibility of real-time predictive modeling of results.

Images