CZ25822U1 - Circular shed - Google Patents

Description

Technical field

The proposed technical solution falls within the area of livestock breeding, especially production dairy cows.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Livestock breeding, in particular production dairy cows, can be carried out in different stables. A classic example is rectangular large-capacity stables. In these stables there is at least one longitudinal aisle, on whose sides there are stalls for dairy cows. This longitudinal aisle transports feed and staff to individual dairy cows. Other longitudinal aisles (passageways) are used to clear dung of dairy cows (manure and slurry) and to move stabled animals in the stable and into the impression.

This arrangement is disadvantageous for logistical reasons - the transport and dairy cows needed to travel are time-consuming and require more staff because of the length of the route. Dairy cows spend more time than is optimal outside their standing (on the route to / from the impression). This has a negative impact on milk production, both in its quality and quantity.

These disadvantages are largely solved by circular or predominantly circular stables. A schematic of such a stable is known from WO 0219807. Here, a circular stable is shown which has a circular plan and is provided with a cone-shaped roof. The roof is provided with an opening fitted with a venting superstructure at the top. Inside the barn there is a system of concentrically situated annular rings for housing, gathering and transporting livestock and an impression placed in the middle of the barn.

This document addresses the individual feeding system and does not address other important aspects of housing and does not define the exact shape of the stable building. Optimization of natural draft-free ventilation parameters is not locked, minimization of feeding distance and minimization of time of forced movement of animals is not solved, the system of automatic animal herding is not solved and the concept (and possibility) of full automation of stable operation is not solved.

The deficiencies described are eliminated by the proposed technical solution.

The essence of the technical solution

The essence of the technical solution is a circular stable for livestock breeding. The diameter of the stable is D or, alternatively, the top view of the stable is in the form of an n-square inscribed in a circle with a diameter D. The wall may be provided with a anti-draft, translucent screen. It is possible to roll off the side wall if necessary. The stable is equipped with a cone or pyramid-shaped roof with a polygonal base. The roof is provided with an opening fitted with a venting superstructure at the top. The venting superstructure may be provided with a translucent roof covering. Inside the barn there is a system of concentrically situated annular rings for housing, gathering and transporting livestock and an impression placed in the middle of the barn. The ratio H of the hypothetical roof top, not considering the venting superstructure, to the stable diameter D is in the range i = 0.14 to 0.24. At the same time, the roof slope is in the range of a = 15 ° to 25 ° from the horizontal.

In a preferred embodiment, the circular stable may be provided with an automatic animal movement system. The system includes a set of movable gates to cover animal housing with pneumatic control. It further comprises a set of movable chain reels between the animal housing and the animal collection area and / or in the milking waiting area and / or the animal collection area. The whole system of wickets and reels is controlled by an autonomous control system. Within this controlled movement of animals is also solved automatic selection and fixation of selected individuals.

In another preferred embodiment, the circular stable may be provided with an automatic animal feeding system. This system can be used to maintain feed ration, feeding intervals and minimize unfed wastes, ie surplus from feeding.

In another preferred embodiment, the circular stable may be provided with an automated milk impression and / or an automatic data collection system. The data collected is the input parameters of automatic traffic control; eg indoor and outdoor temperature, air humidity, temperature and amount of feed water, physical activity of animals, milk yield, milkability, milk conductivity, feed ration - composition, volume, etc.

Furthermore, the circular stable can be equipped with an automatic control system of the stable operation with the possibility of predictive modeling of outputs. These outputs can be milk-related data such as milk quantity and qualitative data, animal weight, dairy cow health, fitness, insemination success, etc., in real time.

The described technical solution is usable for breeding dairy cows in a large-capacity stable of circular ground plan. In preferred embodiments, with automated operation, in particular using automated technological systems for feeding, milking and movement of animals and automatic herd management system with prediction of output quantities. The chosen shape of the building allows to achieve very good parameters in ventilation, flow direction and air exchange in the building. In addition, the capacity of the stable can be increased by attaching several 'arms' to the star shape. In each case, each of these arms comprises housing of dairy cows of the same character and arrangement as in the main stable. This means that there is a feeding table between the animal housing, the heated feeding troughs are located near the animal shelters.

In a particular embodiment, it is a large-capacity stable of circular ground plan for production dairy cows. In the middle of the stable there is a circular impression and around it the waiting area of the waiting room in the ring. The housing of dairy cows is situated in several other annulus from the center to the perimeter of the stable. In one intermediate annulus there is also a feeding table on which the mixed feeding ration is based. Water supply is solved by means of heated feeding troughs located near the animal shelters. This arrangement optimizes the movement of the animals in the stable and minimizes the distance the dairy cow has to cover - for feeding and for milking.

In the stable can be used bedless operation, preferably with all-grate manure corridors, feeders and lined waiting room. Alternatively, other technologies can also be used for slurry cleaning: slurry shovels, mobile sludge aggregates, etc.

The slurry can be collected via grate channels and chutes into collecting pumping sumps located outside the stable and from there pumped into large storage pits.

The following are used as technological equipment of the round stable:

- Standard metal barriers for delimitation of housing places, can be used including adjustable barriers, allowing to change the dimensions of lying boxes.

- Stainless steel heated troughs with anti-freeze feed water supply for watering. To heat the feed water in winter, the waste milk from milk is partly used as well - milk flow pre-coolers in the milk are connected to the feed water distribution.

- Automatic feed line, connected to an external spinal cord (outside the stable building), for mixing and gradual application to the feed table. The automatic feeding line car delivers a mixed feed ration several times a day for the relevant section of dairy cows and also takes into account during the route. Feeding is realized by a mixed ration with individual recipe for individual sections.

- High passage ring with 40 to 60 milking points, equipped with a modern control system allowing daily identification, measurement and recording of milking parameters for each animal, health and fitness parameters, physical activity during the day and heat symptoms for each dairy cow. The collection of these data is fully automated and evaluated.

- Flow-through pre-coolers and end-coolers of milk through which the milk from the milk is routed to outdoor milk storage tanks with a capacity of one day milk production. The cooling units are located outside the stable building, near the storage tank.

- Recuperation of waste heat from milk, two-stage solution. In the first stage, the milk flows through the precooler, losing about 10 ° C and this heat heats the feed water for the feed troughs (the pre-coolers are connected to the water distribution). In the next stage, the milk flows through the end flow coolers, where it transfers about 20 ° C of heat. The recuperation units used in the cooling system preheat the DHW for the entire farm using this waste heat.

- Slurry removal technology from collection (pumping) wells - this is solved by means of powerful electric stirrers and pumps with contactless level monitoring, which ensure automatic pumping into storage tanks. Cleaning of slatted floors from slurry residues is ensured by programmable wipers that are recharged at the docking stations.

The circular layout and construction of the building, including its internal arrangement of individual technological elements, allows easy access to the feeding table, watering places and space for the impression of kept animals as well as very good ventilation. Maximum utilization of the chimney effect without undesirable draft and lighting of the whole building (both especially in the animal life zone) is applied here. Stable ventilation solutions also allow monitoring (concentration / volume measurement) of gases generated in the stables and ventilated to the outside environment (via the venting superstructure) and the introduction of measures to reduce or eliminate gas volumes.

In the construction area, the possibility of a fully automatic feed line for multiple loading and topping up of feed (TMR - total mix ration) during the day and the possibility of feeding different feed rations (with different recipes) for individual sections (groups of animals) are envisaged. It is also possible to apply conventional feeding of feed using a feeder wagon. Applied technology compared to the classical way: 1-2 * daily feeding ration by feeding wagons, allows significantly higher daily intake of dry matter and conversion of feed in farmed animals.

Furthermore, to maximize the efficiency of the overall proposed system of movement of animals (herd management) in a circular stable installed circular impression, which significantly fits into the concept of the entire proposed stable management. The circular stable concept also allows complete milking robotization (fully robotized circular milking). This element can be replaced by other milking systems, but they are unlikely to be as effective as the proposed ring parlor system. The structure by its character (size of sections / groups - circular ground plan) allows the nursing staff easy movement around the stable (ie between sections of kept animals and the impression area) and a good overview of the kept animals. It gives the possibility to respond quickly and in a timely manner to possible problems and complications associated with animal husbandry.

The litter-free operation with an optimally designed slurry end allows efficient connection to a biogas plant, which appears to be an ecologically important complement to this large-capacity operation. Furthermore, it is possible to efficiently utilize waste heat throughout the operation (ie heating the feed and service water for the needs of the entire farm).

According to preliminary calculations, the movement of animals during the day (especially the movement of animals for milking and back; possibly necessary movement / staying in the sorting and fixation section) is a significant time saving compared to conventional stables of rectangular ground plan with similar animal capacity. This fundamentally shortening of the time of forced movement of the animals (milking, fixation) during the day can be expected in the animals for a longer period of feed, water and rest. These aspects should be significantly reflected in the welfare of farmed animals and consequently in their increased milk yield, reproduction, health and hence the whole breeding economy. The whole movement from the individual sections to the impression and back is realized by means of automatic reels situated in the manure, main corridors and in the waiting area at the impression. This system allows for the gentle hunting of animals and saving labor on the farm. At the same time, it enables time keeping of daily routines during herd handling, which is very important for modern herd management.

The whole concept allows for maximum automation of the entire operation. It enables the collection of relevant data and data of all used technological systems and peripherals, including entered information on health, performance, fitness and reproduction of animals. The evaluation of these data assumes automatic control of the systems, including the possibility of predictive modeling of possible deviations from the input parameters (temperature, humidity, feed ration, etc.) and the possibility of responding to these in a timely manner so as to avoid instability of outputs.

Circular stable according to proposed technical solution brings:

- short feeding and milking distances for the whole housing herd;

- excellent ventilation by natural ventilation;

- complete overview of the stables;

- the possibility of optimal deployment of automatic technological systems for feeding, milking and movement of animals.

This results in high labor productivity and a substantial reduction in milk costs as a feedstock, while improving animal welfare, improving animal health and well-being. There is the possibility of reacting and adjusting unfavorable input parameters in time (feeding, ambient temperature, etc.) in order to maintain the set stability of the output parameters both quantitatively and qualitatively.

Clarification of drawings

An exemplary embodiment of the proposed solution is described with reference to the drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 - schematic side section of the stable, Fig. 2 - indication of the ratio of hypothetical height H to stable diameter D, without venting superstructure, Fig. 3 - top view of the stable.

Example of technical solution realization

According to the proposed technical solution a circular stable for livestock breeding was created. The stable has a circular ground plan with the diameter of the stable D. The value of D in this case is 120 meters. The stable is provided with a cone-shaped roof 1. The roof 1 is provided with an aperture fitted with a venting top 2 at the top. Inside the barn there is a system of seven concentrically situated rings for housing, collecting and transporting livestock, and an impression placed in the middle of the barn.

The ratio of the height H of the hypothetical apex 3 of the roof 1, disregarding the vent superstructure 2, to the diameter of the stable D, in this case is i - (0.22). The roof slope 1 is in this case a = 20 ° from the horizontal plane.

In this case, the circular stable is equipped with an automatic animal movement system. This system comprises a system of movable gates for the coverage of animal housing with pneumatic control. It further comprises a set of movable chain reels between the animal housing and the animal collection area and / or in the milking waiting area and / or the animal collection area. The gate and reel system is controlled by an autonomous control system.

The round barn is also equipped with an automatic feeding system for animals. It serves to maintain the feed ration, feeding intervals and minimize unbroken waste. It is also equipped with an automated milk impression, an automatic data collection system and an automatic stable management system with the possibility of predictive modeling of outputs in real time.

An exemplary embodiment is apparent from Figures 1 to 3.

Claims (4)

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS Circular livestock stable where the diameter of the stable is D or, where appropriate, the plan view of the stable in the form of an n-square inscribed in a circle with a diameter D, and having a cone or pyramid-shaped roof (1) the roof (.1) is provided at the apex with an aperture fitted with a venting superstructure (2), wherein there is a system of concentrically situated annuluses for housing, collecting and transporting livestock and impressed in the middle of the stable, (3) roof (1), when not venting superstructure (2), to stable diameter D, is in the range i = 0.14 to 0.24, and at the same time the roof slope (1) is in the range a = 15 ° to 25 ° from the horizontal. Circular stable according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with an automatic animal movement system, the system comprising a system of movable gates to cover animal housing with pneumatic control, and a system of movable chain reels between animal housing and animal collection area and / or in the milking and / or animal collection area, the gate and reel system being operable by an autonomous control system. Circular stable according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the maintenance of the feed ration, feeding times and the minimization of un-fed waste are provided with an automatic animal feeding system. Circular stable according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is provided with an automated milk impression and / or an automatic data collection system and / or an automatic stable operation control system with the possibility of real-time predictive output modeling.