SK500642014U1 - The circular stable - Google Patents

Abstract

A round livestock stall is described, the ground plan of which is in the shape of an angle entered into a circle with a diameter of D. The stall is provided with a cone-shaped roof (1) or n-angled pyramid-shaped aperture provided with a vent hole. superstructure (2). Inside the stables there is a set of annular rings for housing, gathering and transporting livestock and a milking parlor, which is located in the middle of the stables. The ratio of the height H of the hypothetical roof top (3) (1), when not considering the ventilation superstructure (2), to the stable diameter D is in the range i = 0.14 to 0.24, while the slope of the roof (1) is in the range a = 15 ° to 25 ° from the horizontal. Furthermore, the circular stall may be provided with a system for automatically moving the animals, feeding them and milking them and / or using an automatic stall control system.

Description

Technical field

The proposed technical solution falls within the area of livestock farming, in particular production dairy cows.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Livestock breeding, in particular production dairy cows, can be carried out in different stables. A classic example is rectangular large-capacity stables. In these stables there is at least one longitudinal aisle with sides (boxes) for dairy cows. This longitudinal aisle transports feed and staff to individual dairy cows. Other longitudinal aisles (passageways) are used for clearing dung of dairy cows (livestock manure and manure) and for the movement of stabled animals in the stable and into the dairy.

This arrangement is disadvantageous for logistical reasons - the necessary transport and the transfer of dairy cows to the dairy are time consuming due to the length of the route and require a higher number of staff. Dairy cows spend more time than is optimal outside their station (on the way to / from the route). This has a negative impact on milk production, both in terms of its quality and quantity.

These disadvantages are largely addressed by circular or predominantly circular stables. A scheme of such a stable is known from WO0219807. There is a distinct circular stable that has a circular plan and is provided with a cone-shaped roof. The roof is provided with an opening on top of which a ventilating superstructure is fitted. Inside the barn, a system of concentrically situated rings for housing, collecting and transporting livestock and a milking parlor is located in the middle of the barn.

Said file addresses the individual feeding system and does not address other important aspects of housing and does not define the exact shape of the stall building. It does not guarantee optimization of natural draft-free ventilation parameters, does not address the minimization of feeding distances and minimizes the time of forced movement of animals, does not solve the system of automatic animal herding and does not solve the concept (and possibility) of full automation of stables.

The deficiencies described are eliminated by the proposed technical solution.

-2The essence of the technical solution

The essence of the technical solution is a circular stable for livestock breeding. The diameter of the barn is D or alternatively the plan view of the barn is in the form of a n-square inscribed in a circle with a diameter D. The wall may be provided with a counter-draft, transparent screen. It can be rolled off if necessary to open the side wall. The stable is provided with a cone-shaped or pyramid-shaped roof with a n-angle base. The roof is fitted with an opening fitted with a ventilating superstructure. The venting superstructure may be provided with a transparent roof covering. Inside the stall, a system of concentrically situated annuluses for housing, gathering and transporting livestock and a parlor is located in the middle of the stall. The ratio H of the hypothetical roof top, not considering the venting superstructure, to the stall diameter D is in the range i = 0.14 to 0.24. At the same time the roof slope is in the range of a = 15 ° to 25 ° from the horizontal.

In a preferred embodiment, the circular stable may be equipped with an automatic animal movement system. The system includes a set of movable gates for the housing of animals with pneumatic control. It further comprises a set of movable chain spacers between the animal housing and the animal collection area and / or waiting area for the parlor and / or animal collection area. The whole system of wickets and catchers is controlled by an autonomous control system. Automatic selection and fixation of selected individuals is also addressed within this controlled movement of animals.

In another preferred embodiment, the round stall may be equipped with an automatic animal feeding system. This system is useful for maintaining feed ration, feeding time intervals and minimizing non-fed waste, i. surplus from feeding.

In another preferred embodiment, the annular stable may be provided with an automated milking parlor and / or an automatic data collection system. The data collected are input parameters for automatic traffic control; e.g. internal and external temperature, air humidity, temperature and quantity of drinking water, physical activity of animals, milking, milkability, milk conductivity, feed ration - composition, volume, etc.).

Furthermore, the circular stable can be equipped with an automatic control system for the operation of the stable with the possibility of predictive modeling of outputs. These outputs can be data

- concerning milk, its quantity and qualitative data, animal weight, health status of dairy cows, fitness, insemination success, etc. in real time.

The described technical solution is usable for breeding dairy cows in a large-capacity stable with a circular plan. In preferred embodiments, then with automated operation, in particular using automated technology systems for feeding, milking and moving animals and an automatic herd management system with prediction of output variables. The chosen shape of the building allows achieving very good parameters in ventilation, flow direction and air exchange in the building. In addition, the capacity can still be increased by attaching several "arms" to the star shape. In each case, each of these arms comprises the housing of dairy cows of the same nature and arrangement as in the main stable. This means that a feeding table is located between the animal housing, the heated feeding troughs are located near the animal beds.

In a particular embodiment, it is a large-capacity stable with a circular plan for production dairy cows. In the middle of the barn is a circular parlor and around it is waiting space in the ring. The housing of the dairy cows is situated in several other annular rings from the center to the perimeter of the stall. In one intermediate annulus there is also a feed table on which a mixed ration is loaded. Water supply is provided by means of heated feeding troughs located near the animal beds. This arrangement optimizes the movement of animals in the stall and minimizes the distance that dairy cows must cover - for feeding and milking.

The stable can be used non-litter operation, preferably with all-grate manure corridors, feeders and a waiting waiting room. Alternatively, other technologies may also be used to remove slurry: slurry shovels, mobile slurry removers, etc.

Fertilizer can be collected via grate channels and chutes into collection pumping tanks located outside the stables and from there it can be pumped into large storage tanks by means of pumps.

In addition, the following are mainly used as technological equipment of the round bar:

-4- standard metal barrier for delimitation of stabling places, can be used including adjustable barrier, allowing to change the dimensions of the bed boxes.

- stainless steel heated feeding troughs with anti-freezing drinking water supply for watering. To heat the feed water in winter is partly used waste milk heat milk - flow milk pre-coolers in the impressions are connected to the supply water distribution.

- an automatic feed line, connected to an external mixer (outside the stables), to mix and gradually feed to the feed table. The automatic feeding line wagon delivers a mixed feed ration for the respective dairy section several times a day and also (at the same time) also feeds. Feeding is carried out as a mixed ration with an individual formula for each section.

- a high-through circular milking parlor with 40 to 60 milking points, equipped with a modern management system allowing the daily identification, measurement and recording of milking parameters for each animal, health and fitness parameters, physical activity during the day and symptoms of each dairy cow. The collection of these data is fully automated and evaluated.

- flow-through pre-coolers and end milk coolers through which milk is moved from the milk to external milk storage tanks with the capacity of one-day milk production. The cooling units are located outside the stable building, in the vicinity of the storage tank, the milk heat recovery system, designed in two stages. In the first stage, the milk flows through the precooler, losing about 10 ° C and this heat heats the feed water for the feed troughs (the precoolers are connected to the water distribution). In the next stage, the milk flows through the end flow coolers, where it transfers about 20 ° C of heat. The recuperation units used in the cooling system preheat the DHW for the whole farm using this waste heat.

- slurry removal technology from collection (pumping) tanks - this is solved using powerful electric stirrers and pumps with non-contact level monitoring, which ensure automatic pumping into storage tanks. Cleaning of slatted floors from residual slurry is provided by programmable wipers, which are recharged in docking stations.

The circular layout and construction of the building, including its internal arrangement of individual technological elements, allow easy access to the feeding table, watering and space for the animals kept as well as very good ventilation. It applies here

-5maximal utilization of the chimney effect without unwanted draft and lighting of the whole building (both especially in the animal life zone). Stable ventilation solutions also allow the monitoring (concentration / volume measurement) of gases generated in stall areas and vented to the outside (via a vent superstructure) and the introduction of measures to reduce or eliminate gas volumes.

In the construction area, there is a possibility of a fully automatic feed line for multiple loading and topping up of feed (TMR - total mix ration) during the day and the possibility of feeding different feed rations (with different recipes) for individual sections (groups of animals). It is also possible to apply conventional feed feeding with the aid of a feed wagon. Applied technology compared to the classical way: 1 - 2x daily feeding ration by feeding wagons allows significantly higher daily intake of dry matter and conversion of feed in farmed animals.

Furthermore, to maximize the efficient use of the overall proposed system of movement of animals (herd management) in a circular stable, a circular parlor is installed, which fits significantly into the concept of the whole proposed stable management. The circular stall concept also allows complete milking robotization (a fully robotic milking parlor). This element can also be replaced by other milking systems, but they are unlikely to be as effective as the proposed circular milking system. The structure by its nature (size of sections / groups - circular ground plan) allows the nursing staff easy movement around the stable (ie between the sections of the animals and the premises moved) and a good overview of the animals. It gives the possibility to respond quickly and in time to possible problems and complications associated with animal husbandry.

Non-litter operation with an optimally designed fertilizer tip enables an efficient connection to a biogas plant, which appears to be an ecologically important complement to this large-capacity operation. Furthermore, it is possible to efficiently utilize waste heat throughout the plant (i.e., heating the feed and service water for the needs of the entire farm).

According to preliminary calculations, the movement of animals during the day (in particular, the movement of animals for milking and back; possibly moving / staying in the sorting and fixing section) is a significant saving of time compared to conventional stables with a rectangular ground plan with

-6the capacity of animals. By substantially reducing the time of forced movement of animals (milking, fixation) during the day, longer feeding, water and rest periods can be expected for animals. These aspects should be significantly reflected in the welfare of the animals and consequently in their increased milk yield, reproduction, health and hence the whole breeding economy. The whole movement from the individual sections to the moving and back is realized by means of automatic reelers situated in the manure, main corridors and in the space we wait at the impressions. This system allows for gentle animal feeding and labor savings on the farm. At the same time, it enables time keeping of daily routines during herd handling, which is very important from the point of view of modern herd management.

The whole concept allows for maximum automation of the entire operation. It enables collection of relevant data and data of all used technological systems and peripherals, including entered information on health, performance, fitness and reproduction of animals. The evaluation of these data assumes automatic control of the systems, including the possibility of predictive modeling of possible deviations from the input parameters (temperature, humidity, feed ration etc.) and the possibility of responding to these in time to avoid instability of the outputs.

Circular stable according to the proposed technical solution brings:

- short feeding and milking distances for the whole housing herd;

- excellent ventilation by natural ventilation;

- a full overview of the stall area;

- the possibility of optimum deployment of automatic technology systems for feeding, milking and movement of animals.

This results in high labor productivity and a substantial reduction in milk costs as a feedstock, while improving animal welfare, improving animal health and fitness. There is a possibility to react and adjust the unfavorable input parameters in time (feeding, ambient temperature, etc.) to maintain the set stability of the output parameters both quantitatively and qualitatively.

Clarification of drawings

An exemplary embodiment of the proposed solution is described with reference to the drawings in which: FIG

-7Obr. 1 - schematic side section of the stables,

Fig. 2 - indication of the ratio of the hypothetical height H to the diameter D of the stable, without venting superstructure,

Fig. 3 - plan view of the barn.

Example of technical solution

According to the proposed technical solution a circular stable for livestock breeding was created. The stable has a circular floor plan, with the diameter of the barn being D. The value of D in this case is 120 meters. The stable is also equipped with a cone-shaped roof. The roof I is fitted with an opening at the top, in which a ventilating superstructure 2 is fitted. Inside the barn there is a system of seven concentrically situated rings for housing, collecting and transporting livestock and a parlor located in the middle of the barn.

The ratio H of the hypothetical peak 3 of the roof i, not considering the vent superstructure 2, to the diameter of the stall D, in this case i = (0.22). The roof slope i is in this case a = 20 ° from the horizontal.

The round stall is equipped with an automatic animal movement system. This system comprises a system of movable gates for the accommodation of animals with pneumatic control. It further comprises a set of movable chain spacers between the animal housing and the animal collection area and / or waiting area for the parlor and / or animal collection area. The gate and reel system is controlled by an autonomous control system.

The round stall is further equipped with an automatic animal feeding system. This is used to maintain the ration, feeding intervals and minimize the non-fed waste. It is also equipped with an automated milking parlor, an automatic data collection system, and an automatic stall control system with predictive modeling of outputs in real time.

An exemplary embodiment is apparent from FIG. 1 to 3.

Claims (4)

Protection claims Circular livestock stable where the diameter of the barn is D or, where appropriate, the plan view is in the shape of a n-square inscribed in a circle with a diameter of D, and the stall is provided with cone or pyramid-shaped roof (1); wherein the roof (1) is provided at the top with an aperture in which a venting superstructure (2) is fitted, wherein a system of concentrically situated annuluses for housing, collecting and transporting livestock and a milking parlor is located in the middle of the stall, H of the hypothetical peak (3) of the roof (1), disregarding the venting superstructure (2), to the diameter of stable D, is in the range i = 0.14 to 0.24 and at the same time the roof slope (l) is in the range a = 15 ° to 25 ° from the horizontal. Circular stable according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with an automatic animal movement system comprising a system of movable gates for covering animal housing with pneumatic actuation and a system of movable chain drives between the animal housing and the animal collection and / or enclosure we are waiting for the parlor and / or in the animal collection area, with the gate and reel system being controlled by an autonomous control system. Round barn according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is equipped with an automatic animal feeding system to maintain the ration, the feeding intervals and the minimization of non-fed waste. Circular stable according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is provided with an automated milking parlor and / or an automatic data collection system and / or an automatic stall control system with the possibility of real-time predictive output modeling.