RU149897U1 - DEVICE FOR FASTENING LARGE-SIZED AND HEAVY-DUTY LOADS TO WHEELED VEHICLES (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Abstract

The group of utility models relates to devices for fastening bulky and heavy cargo to vehicles (vehicles) on wheeled vehicles, transported by sagging between the wheels of a vehicle. A single technical result consists in the creation of a universal device designed for repeated use for securing various loads, differing in shape and overall dimensions, as well as having different strength and stiffness, and is achieved by creating a device for securing bulky and heavy cargo, characterized in that: - in the device uses a set of elements forming a complete longitudinal and transverse contours: the device (first option) is an equipped wok d cargo or shell of cargo and, with the help of cargo, a support spatial metal structure containing end walls, each of which consists of two extreme end racks with thrust places for interfacing with stops of vehicle consoles located at the base of the end wall and forming an integral connection with end racks a connecting beam, consisting of a middle part, which is placed between the end posts, and two connected to the ends of the middle part with the formation of a detachable connection with connecting links in the form of a half-cylinder each; two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of blocks with eyes designed to connect with the eyes of the vehicle consoles, and connected together at the top of the connecting beam of the main end beam forming with them detachable, the design of which is similar to the design of the connecting beam of the end wall, in the middle part - sectional traverse, in the lower - sectional base; located at the top of the device along its longitudinal axis and designed to perceive through the end racks of the end walls of the horizontal forces from the stops of the vehicle consoles at least one longitudinal-longitudinal beam to which the upper transverse connections located at the bottom devices designed to connect together blocks of opposite main end beams, two sets of lower rods with end sections in the form of eyes and lower transverse connections with m hundred for releasable connection to the lower links, sensing vertical forces from the thrust of the longitudinal beams through the rack, fixed between the upper cross-linked or suspensions and lower cross-linked or suspensions; moreover, each end wall and the corresponding main end beam are connected and in contact with each other on the flat surfaces of their connecting beams, while the free ends of the connecting links of the connecting beams of each end wall, combined in pairs with the free ends of the connecting ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam of the main end beam, are placed and are fixed in the cylindrical cavities of the couplings of the four supporting limit switches, each connected to the corresponding block of the corresponding main Ortsevo beams and sensing mass resting on their cargo;

- the device (second option) uses a set of elements that form an open transverse circuit of the system in the middle parts of the metal structure (there are no upper transverse connections);

- in the device (third option), a set of elements is used that form an open transverse contour of the system in the middle parts and an open longitudinal contour (there are no longitudinal longitudinal beams, upper transverse ties, struts and braces);

- the device (fourth option) uses a set of elements that form a closed transverse contour in the middle parts of the cargo and a closed longitudinal contour: the upper and lower transverse connections, persistent-longitudinal beams, end walls are excluded from the complete set of the device for securing the cargo, but they use only one set of lower rods located along the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the device, the supporting ends, and instead of the connecting beams of the end walls using connecting beams attached to the casing / shell gr bond;

- in the device (fifth option), a set of elements is used that form an open transverse contour of the system in the middle parts and an open longitudinal contour: from a complete set of elements (the second version of the utility model), there are no longitudinal longitudinal beams, upper transverse ties, struts and braces, transverse beams end racks;

- in the device (sixth option), a set of elements is used that form an open transverse system contour in the middle parts and an open longitudinal contour: there are no longitudinal beams, upper transverse connections, transverse beams of the end posts.

Description

A group of utility models relates to the field of transport, namely, devices for securing bulky and heavy cargo (hereinafter referred to as a device for securing cargo) to wheeled vehicles (TS) transported by sagging between the running (wheeled) half of the vehicle (trolleys) facilities.

Known platform railway conveyor (Transporter // Railway transport: Encyclopedia / Ed. By N.S. Konarev. - M .: Big Russian Encyclopedia, 1994. - S. 456.)) for the transport of long and bulky goods, containing a welded frame structures of four I-beams to which a metal floor is welded with holes for securing the cargo.

Known devices made in the form of an all-metal frame-cassette, resting at its ends on running (wheeled) carts, forming a single vehicle. The load in such devices is placed inside the cassette frame, the load from the weight of the load is perceived by the cassette frame. Such devices include rail and road conveyors of a well type (Encyclopedia of Railway Transport, scientific publishing house Big Russian Encyclopedia, 1995). The disadvantage of such devices is the use of an all-metal cassette frame, due to the need to withstand the load from the weight of the load. This implies a tough relationship between the weight and length of the load and the dimensions of the cassette frame: an increase in the weight of the load requires an increase in the strength of the cassette frame, and, consequently, an increase in its overall dimensions, as well as metal consumption. In addition, there are great difficulties in arranging the passage of such a conveyor along the route of transportation.

Known ("Encyclopedia of Railway Transport", the scientific publishing house "Big Russian Encyclopedia", 1995) articulated conveyors containing a device for securing goods to wheeled vehicles in the form of a platform-platform for accommodating cargo and undercarriage equipped with consoles having in the lower parts eyes, and in the upper parts - persistent elements. The indicated devices for securing the load have received wider use due to the possibility of mounting the consoles of the undercarriage directly to the load specially equipped for this with lugs and stops. However, such fastening requires greater local strength and rigidity of the cargo itself. In addition, prior approval and accounting of the loads acting on the load from the consoles prior to the manufacture of the goods at the plant is required.

The closest technical solution adopted as a prototype for all declared variants of a utility model is the well-known (Transcontinental Journey Article, p. 4-6, PROJECT MANAGER TODAY Magazine (Great Britain), May 2000) a device for securing cargo to wheeled vehicles designed in the form of a spatial metal frame to accommodate cargo, the use of which is due to the need to transport by sagging thin-walled (not having its own rigidity and strength) cargo of a certain shape and size And inability to use for this purpose the frame-site because of a significant excess of the vertical dimension possible passage corridor from the carriage. A known device for securing cargo contains interconnected with the formation of a non-separable frame:

a) two end walls transmitting tensile and compressive transport actions on the longitudinal power belts, each consisting of vertical racks joined together in the upper part by horizontal connection with thrust places for interfacing with the stops of the consoles of the vehicle’s wheel carts;

b) two suspension beams connected to the corresponding end walls (main end beams), each consisting of two blocks interconnected with a set of eyes for hanging on a conveyor (connections to the eyes of wheeled vehicles);

c) an upper longitudinal power belt from 4 pipes installed in a spacer between the end walls (end-longitudinal beams);

d) a lower longitudinal power belt connected to a suspended beam composed of 4 pipes (longitudinal support beams and lower links)

e) intermediate transverse force zones, consisting of lower and upper transverse bonds, each welded to the load along the contour of the fit.

The load lies inside such a frame and is connected by welding with power transverse belts.

The disadvantages of the known device are:

1) Monolithicity (the device cannot be dismantled) of the device design, which predetermines its one-time use (production for a specific cargo and use for transportation of only this cargo).

2) The high consumption of materials necessary to provide the required strength and rigidity of the structure of the supporting frame, perceiving all the loads from the mass of the cargo placed in it. The weight of this known device exceeds, as a rule, 68 tons, which makes it necessary to use a conveyor with a high carrying capacity together with it.

3) The need to coordinate issues related to the fastening and welding of transverse ties to the cargo with cargo manufacturing plants.

The objective of this group of utility models is to increase the efficiency of transportation of bulky and heavy cargo by sagging, including by expanding the operational capabilities of the transport system.

A single technical result achieved as a result of implementing any of the claimed utility model variants consists in creating a universal device intended for repeated use for securing various loads that differ in shape and overall dimensions, as well as having different strength and stiffness.

Below is a description of various options for a device for securing cargo (sets of structural elements and their designs) depending on the shape, dimensions, technical and technological characteristics of the cargo.

The first variant of the claimed utility model relates to the design of a device for securing goods that satisfy the following conditions (for example, a transformer):

- the dimensions of the body / shell (packaging) of the cargo fit into the volume of a rectangular shape;

- the largest transverse size of the housing / shell together with the mounting device does not exceed 6.0 meters;

- supporting devices of the hull / shell of the cargo are placed in its upper part on the longitudinal sides;

- the body / shell of the cargo is thin-walled and cannot be subjected to stresses affecting the change in its shape or the appearance of microcracks.

For these weights, a device is used for securing the cargo with a set of elements forming an open transverse contour of the system in the middle parts of the metal structure (there are no upper transverse connections).

The specified single technical result for the first of the claimed variants is achieved by creating a device for securing large-sized and heavy cargo, characterized in that it is a support spatial metal structure arranged around the cargo or shell of the cargo and with the help of the cargo, each of which has end walls, each of which consists of two extreme end racks located on top of the end racks and connected with them with the formation of a detachable connection of the transverse b a hinge with external stopping points for interfacing with the stops of the vehicle consoles, located at the base of the end wall and forming with its end posts an integral connection of the connecting beam, consisting of the middle part, which is placed between the end posts, and two connected to the ends of the middle part to form detachable connection of the connecting links in the form of a half-cylinder each; two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of blocks with eyes, designed to connect with the eyes of the vehicle consoles, interconnected at the top of the connecting beam of the main end beam, which is similar in design to the connecting beam of the end wall, in the middle parts - sectional traverse, in the bottom - sectional base; located in the upper part (above the horizontal plane passing through the general center of gravity (OCT) of the transport system (cargo, wheeled vehicle, device for securing cargo)) devices and intended for perceiving through the end walls of horizontal forces from the stops of the vehicle consoles, at least at least two longitudinal-longitudinal beams, in the niches of the end sections of which the ends of the transverse beams of the end walls are installed; two support-longitudinal beams located in the middle of the device, the end sections of which are connected to the blocks of the main end beams; located in the lower part of the device for connecting between blocks of opposite main end beams, two sets of lower rods with end sections in the form of eyes and lower transverse links with suspensions for connection to support-longitudinal beams and with places for detachable connection with lower rods; moreover, each end wall and the corresponding main end beam are connected and in contact with each other on the flat surfaces of their connecting beams, while the free ends of the connecting links of the connecting beams of each end wall, combined in pairs with the free ends of the connecting ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam of the main end beam, are placed and fixed in the cylindrical cavities of the coupling end sections of the corresponding support-longitudinal beams, and securing the load to the device It is obtained by fixing its supporting devices or standard elements on the longitudinal-longitudinal beams.

In this embodiment of the device, additional fastening of the cargo to the device can be provided by connecting the cargo with the transverse beams of the end walls using, as a rule, special devices that are installed on the cargo using special technology.

To transfer the load from the load to the support-longitudinal beams between the longitudinal-longitudinal and support-longitudinal beams are installed and attached to them using detachable joints of the rack with braces.

The second variant of the claimed utility model relates to the design of a device for securing goods that satisfy the following conditions (for example, a steam boiler, turbine):

- the body (or shell) of the cargo is made of blocks in the form of concentric cylinders or half-cylinders of various diameters assembled using bolted joints in radial and diametrical flange joints;

- the cargo case cannot be subjected to loads affecting the quality of the joints between the blocks from which the cargo case (shell) is assembled;

- supporting elements of the cargo cannot structurally be adapted to the conditions of transportation (applies to the turbine);

- the cargo body is not hygroscopic and is a thin-walled cylinder with flat or spherical ends;

- the largest body size in cross section does not exceed 6.0 m together with a device for securing cargo;

- the cargo hull cannot be subjected to any load affecting the change in its shape or the appearance of microcracks;

In this embodiment of the device for securing the cargo, a set of elements is used that form the complete longitudinal and transverse contours.

The indicated unified technical result for the second of the claimed variants is achieved by creating a device for securing large-sized and heavy cargo, characterized in that it is a support spatial metal structure arranged around the cargo or shell of the cargo and using the cargo, each of which has end walls, each of which consists of two extreme end racks with thrust places for interfacing with the stops of the vehicle consoles located at the base of the end Tenkai and forming with the end uprights permanent connection connecting beams consisting of a middle portion, which is located between the end uprights and connected to the two ends of the middle portion to form a releasable connection of connectors in the form of a half cylinder each; two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of identical blocks with eyes, designed to connect with the eyes of the vehicle consoles, and interconnected at the top of the connecting beam of the main end beam forming with them detachable connection, the design of which is similar to the design of the connecting beam of the end wall, in the middle part - sectional traverse, in the lower - sectional base; located at the top of the device along its longitudinal axis and intended for perceiving through the end posts of the end walls of horizontal forces from the stops of the vehicle consoles, at least one longitudinal-longitudinal beam, to which the upper transverse connections are connected with the possibility of connector; located at the bottom of the device for connecting between blocks of opposite main end beams, two sets of lower rods with end sections in the form of eyes and lower transverse connections with places for detachable connection with lower rods, absorbing vertical forces from the axial-longitudinal beam through racks fixed between the upper cross-links or their suspensions and the lower cross-links or their suspensions; moreover, each end wall and the corresponding main end beam are connected and in contact with each other on the flat surfaces of their connecting beams, while the free ends of the connecting links of the connecting beams of each end wall, combined in pairs with the free ends of the connecting ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam of the main end beam, are placed and are fixed in the cylindrical cavities of the couplings of the four supporting limit switches, each connected to the corresponding block of the corresponding main Ortsevo beams and sensing mass resting on their cargo.

In this embodiment, the device for securing the cargo, when there are no transverse beams of the end walls, and thrust contact points with the stops of the vehicle consoles are located outside the end racks, detachable connection of the persistent-longitudinal beam with end racks of the end walls is carried out by means of the transverse-stayed longitudinal beams of the end walls distribution beams. These transverse distribution beams are attached to the end posts using grooves, wedges and bolted joints.

The third version of the claimed utility model relates to the design of a device for securing goods that satisfy the following conditions (for example, a stator):

- the body / shell of the cargo is made in the form of a thick-walled cylinder with flat ends and can be subjected to longitudinal-compressive loads arising during transportation;

- persistent cargo devices are located in the middle parts along the height of the cargo on the longitudinal generators of the cylinder and can be adapted to the conditions of transportation;

- the overall size of the thrust devices together with the device for securing the cargo in the transverse direction does not exceed 6 meters;

A set of elements of the device for securing the load is used, which form an open transverse contour of the system in the middle parts and an open longitudinal contour (there are no longitudinal longitudinal beams, upper transverse ties, struts and braces).

The specified single technical result for the third of the claimed options is achieved by creating a device for securing large-sized and heavy cargo, characterized in that it is a supportive spatial metal structure arranged around the cargo or shell of the cargo and using the cargo, each of which has end walls, each of which consists of two extreme end racks located on top of the end racks and connected to them with the formation of a detachable transverse connection an alky having external stop places for mating with the stops of the vehicle consoles, located at the base of the end wall and forming with the end posts an integral connection of the connecting beam, consisting of the middle part, which is located between the end posts, and two connected to the ends of the middle part to form a detachable connections of connecting links in the form of a half-cylinder each; two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of blocks with eyes designed to connect with the eyes of the vehicle consoles, and connected together at the top of the connecting beam of the main end beam forming with them detachable, the design of which is similar to the design of the connecting beam of the end wall, in the middle part - sectional traverse, in the lower - sectional base; two support-longitudinal beams located in the middle of the device, the end sections of which are connected to the blocks of the main end beams; located in the lower part of the device for connecting between blocks of opposite main end beams, two sets of lower rods with end sections in the form of eyes and lower transverse links with suspensions for connection to support-longitudinal beams and with places for detachable connection with lower rods; moreover, each end wall and the corresponding main end beam are connected and in contact with each other on the flat surfaces of their connecting beams, while the free ends of the connecting links of the connecting beams of each end wall, combined in pairs with the free ends of the connecting ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam of the main end beam, are placed and fixed in the cylindrical cavities of the coupling end sections of the corresponding support-longitudinal beams, and securing the load to the device It is fixed by fixing support devices or standard load elements on the longitudinal support beams of the device.

Additional fastening of the cargo to the device in this embodiment of the device for securing the cargo is carried out by connecting the cargo with the transverse beams of the end walls using special devices that are installed on the cargo using special technology.

The fourth variant of the claimed utility model relates to the design of a device for securing goods that satisfy the following conditions (for example, a steam generator):

- the cargo case / shell is a high-pressure thick-walled cylinder with spherical ends;

- on the body / shell of the cargo there are no supporting devices for its fastening to the device for securing the cargo;

- the largest transverse size of the cargo together with the device for securing the cargo does not exceed 6.0 meters;

- the body / shell of the cargo may be subjected to longitudinal compressive stresses arising during the carriage of the cargo;

In this version of the device for securing the cargo, a set of elements is used that form a closed transverse contour in the middle parts of the cargo and a closed longitudinal contour: from the complete set of the device for securing the cargo (the second version of the utility model), the upper and lower transverse connections, as a rule, are excluded longitudinal beams, end walls, but only one set of lower rods is used, located along the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the device, supporting ends, and instead of connecting beams of the end walls use connecting beams attached to the body / shell of the load.

The indicated unified technical result for the fourth of the declared variants is achieved by creating a device for securing large-sized and heavy cargo, characterized in that it is a support spatial metal structure arranged around the cargo or shell of the cargo and using the cargo, containing two main end beams, consisting of each of a pair of blocks with eyes designed to connect with the eyes of the consoles of the vehicle, interconnected in the lower parts of it with a sectional base, in the middle part with a sectional traverse, and in the upper part with a connecting beam of the main end beam, which forms a detachable connection with the blocks and consists of a middle part located between the internal struts of the blocks, and two connected to the ends of the middle part with the formation of a detachable connections of connecting links in the form of a half-cylinder each; located in the lower part of the device along its longitudinal axis and designed to connect together blocks of opposite main end beams, a set of lower rods, the middle sections of which are combined with each other in a single structure, at each end of which (structure) there is a transverse distribution beam with eyelets for connection with the corresponding block of the main end beam; moreover, the connecting beams of the main end beams of the device are connected to structurally similar connecting beams fixed to the respective end walls of the cargo and contacting them (connecting beams) on flat surfaces, while the free ends of the connecting links of each connecting beam connected to the load are combined in pairs with the free ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam adjacent to them, of the corresponding main end beam, are placed and fixed in qi indricheskih cavities couplings four reference limit switches connected to each corresponding block corresponding to the main front beam and sensing the weight resting on them cargo.

The eyes located at the ends of the distribution transverse beams are placed in the cavities between the eyes of the respective blocks of the main end beams and / or between the eye and the racks of the blocks of the main end beams, and they are connected to the corresponding block by means of an axis installed in the holes of the internal and external struts of the block through combined holes the specified eyes of the distribution of the transverse beams and the eyes of the block.

The combination of the middle sections of the lower rods and the use of a distribution beam allows you to use the claimed device for securing goods, in which there is the possibility of placing only one set of lower rods along the longitudinal axis of the device for securing cargo, use two sets of eyes of the lower rods, placing them at the ends of the specified distribution beam. That is, the load perceived by the middle sections of one set of lower rods is transmitted to all four blocks of the main end beam.

The middle parts of the connecting beams in contact with each other on flat surfaces (fixed to the load and the main end beam) are interconnected using bolted joints.

The fifth variant of the claimed utility model relates to the design of a device for securing goods that satisfy the following conditions (for example, a boiler):

- the cargo refers to oversized: the largest transverse size of the body (shell) exceeds 6.0 meters;

- the supporting surface of the body / shell of the cargo is a flat base;

- the cargo hull / shell has a complete transverse and longitudinal contour along the upper level.

In this version of the device for securing the cargo, a set of elements is used that form an open transverse contour of the system in the middle parts and an open longitudinal contour: from the complete set of elements (the second version of the utility model) there are no longitudinal longitudinal beams, upper transverse ties, struts and braces, transverse beams end racks.

The specified single technical result for the fifth of the claimed options is achieved by creating a device for securing large-sized and heavy cargo, characterized in that it is a support spatial metal structure equipped with a load, containing end walls, each of which consists of two extreme end racks with persistent places for interfacing with the stops of the vehicle consoles located at the base of the end wall and forming with the end posts they are an integral connection of the connecting beam, consisting of a middle part, which is located between the end posts, and two connected to the ends of the middle part with the formation of a detachable connection of the connecting links in the form of a half cylinder each; two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of identical blocks with eyes, designed to connect with the eyes of the vehicle consoles, and interconnected at the top of the connecting beam of the main end beam forming with them detachable connection, the design of which is similar to the design of the connecting beam of the end wall, in the middle part - sectional traverse, in the lower - sectional base; two support-longitudinal beams located in the middle of the device, the end sections of which are connected to the blocks of the main end beams; located in the lower part of the device for connecting between blocks of opposite main end beams, two sets of lower rods with end sections in the form of eyes and lower transverse links with suspensions for connection to support-longitudinal beams and with places for detachable connection with lower rods; moreover, each end wall and the corresponding main end beam are connected and in contact with each other on the flat surfaces of their connecting beams, while the free ends of the connecting links of the connecting beams of each end wall, combined in pairs with the free ends of the connecting ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam of the main end beam, are placed and fixed in the cylindrical cavities of the coupling end sections of the corresponding support-longitudinal beams, and securing the load to the device It is established by installing its base on a horizontal support plane formed by the upper surfaces of the support-longitudinal beams and additional cross-links placed between the support-longitudinal beams.

Each link from the set of lower links is an I-beam with end sections in the form of eyes that are placed in the cavities between the eyes of the blocks of the main end beams and / or between the eye and the posts of the blocks of the main end beams.

In this embodiment, the device for securing the load transverse connections (lower and additional) are located at two levels in height: at the level of the lower rods and at the level of the support-longitudinal beams. The constructive unification of the lower transverse connections with their suspensions intended for attachment to the longitudinal support beams leads to the formation (both in longitudinal and transverse directions) of the open volumes separated by the length of the additional transverse connections. Ballast placed under the horizontal supporting surface along the supporting-transverse beams in these open volumes serves to compensate for the displacement of the center of gravity relative to the transverse and longitudinal geometric axes of the device mounted on the specified supporting surface of the load. In this case, all four eyes of the wheeled vehicle have the same load, and the area of the loading area itself is not loaded with ballast.

The additional cross-connections used in the device for securing the cargo can be made of a pipe, an I-beam, two connected box sections.

The supporting surface formed by the above method allows lifting loads up to 1.88 meters above the level of the roadway, the transverse dimension of which exceeds 6 meters, thereby increasing the permeability (additional technical result) of the wheeled conveyor: the guards (railings) of the bridges and the along w / d tracks, automation cabinets, railway traffic police signs and signs.

In this embodiment of the device for securing the cargo, additional fastening of the cargo to the device can be provided by connecting it to the transverse beams of the end walls.

The sixth embodiment of the claimed utility model relates to the design of a device for securing goods that satisfy the following conditions (for example, a generator):

- the largest transverse dimension of the cargo hull / shell together with the fastening device does not exceed 6.0 meters;

- the supporting surface of the housing / shell is a flat base;

- the cargo hull / shell in the upper and middle parts cannot be subjected to the loads arising during transportation.

In this embodiment of the device for securing cargo, a set of elements is used that form an open transverse contour of the system in the middle parts and an open longitudinal contour: there are no longitudinal beams, upper transverse connections, transverse beams of the end racks.

The specified single technical result for the sixth of the claimed options is achieved by creating a device for securing bulky and heavy cargo, characterized in that it is a support spatial metal structure equipped with cargo, containing end walls, each of which consists of two extreme end racks with persistent places for interfacing with the stops of the vehicle consoles located at the base of the end wall and forming with the end posts kami permanent connection of the connecting beam, consisting of a middle part, which is placed between the end posts, and two connected to the ends of the middle part with the formation of a detachable connection of the connecting links in the form of a half cylinder each; two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of identical blocks with eyes, designed to connect with the eyes of the vehicle consoles, and interconnected at the top of the connecting beam of the main end beam forming with them detachable connection, the design of which is similar to the design of the connecting beam of the end wall, in the middle part - sectional traverse, in the lower - sectional base; located at the bottom of the device: designed to connect together blocks of opposite main end beams, at least two sets of lower rods, the end sections of each of which are made in the form of lugs, and the middle section is two-T-beams located in two tiers, and the distance between the beam of the lower tier, the metal-intensive shelf of which is located below, and the beam of the upper tier, the metal-intensive shelf of which is located above, is determined by the height of the racks installed between the beams, and neither bottom transverse links with places for detachable connection with the middle sections of the lower rods of the lower and upper tiers; moreover, each end wall and the corresponding main end beam are connected and in contact with each other on the flat surfaces of their connecting beams, while the free ends of the connecting links of the connecting beams of each end wall, combined in pairs with the free ends of the connecting ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam of the main end beam, are placed and are fixed in the cylindrical cavities of the couplings of the four supporting limit switches, each connected to the corresponding block of the corresponding main Ortsevo beam and sensing the weight resting on them, shipping and mounting to the cargo unit, by setting its base followed by fixing on a horizontal reference plane formed by the upper surfaces of middle sections of the lower links and the upper tier are installed on them the level of the upper surfaces of the additional crosslinks.

The additional transverse connections used in this embodiment of the device for securing the cargo can be made of pipes, I-beams, or two connected box sections.

The formed support platform for installing the load allows you to raise the load above the roadway to a height of not less than 1.1 meters, increasing the throughput (additional technical result) of the conveyor with such a load. At such a loading height, obstacles in the form of sidewalks, curbs, dwarf traffic lights, corner fences, low platforms, etc. can be overcome on the conveyor path.

In this embodiment, the design of the device for securing the load, the load from the mass of the load on the bend is perceived by the lower longitudinal beams - two sets of lower rods, consisting of lower rods, the end sections of each of which are made in the form of eyes, and the middle section is I-beams located in two tiers .

In the above-described embodiments of the device for securing the load, depending on the presence of the supporting regular support elements in the upper or middle parts, longitudinal support beams or supporting ends are used. The end sections of each support-longitudinal beam (options 1, 3, 5 of the device) or the support ends (options 2, 4, 6 of the device) are installed on the shelves of the outer racks of the corresponding blocks of the main end beams and are fastened there, usually with bolted connections .

The design of the connecting beams (end wall, main end beam and connecting beams mounted on the load), which, when paired together, act as joints of the end walls (or cargo in option 4 of the device) with the main end beams of the device for securing the cargo, are, as as a rule, identical (except for the presence and design of connection elements on flat surfaces). The middle parts of the connecting beams in contact with each other on flat surfaces are connected to each other using bolted connections that are placed on the flanges of these parts.

The connecting links of the connecting beams in order to reduce their material consumption is recommended to be performed in the form of hollow half-cylinders. The cylindrical surface of each connecting link of the connecting beam of the end wall is installed (except for the 4th version of the device where there is no end wall), in contact with its cylindrical surface, into the guide half-cylindrical recess at the base of the corresponding end strut, and attached to it, forming an integral connection. The cylindrical surfaces of each connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam are installed with the formation of detachable joints in the guides (semi-cylindrical) recesses made in the upper parts of the eyes of the blocks, in its inner and outer racks, where they are in contact with their cylindrical surfaces.

Each connecting link of the connecting beam of the end wall or connecting beam fixed to the load (device option 4), on the flat lower side adjacent to the flat upper side of the corresponding connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam, has guide holes and cavities for cylindrical fingers, respectively and limiters protruding on the flat side of the corresponding connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam.

The ends of the connecting links of the connecting beams of the end wall and the main end beam are placed in pairs in the coupling cavity of the corresponding end section of the corresponding support-longitudinal beam (options 1, 3, 5 of the device) or the supporting trailer (options 2, 6 of the device): the free end of each connecting link of the connecting the end wall beams are located in the upper part of the cylindrical cavity of the coupling of the end section of the corresponding longitudinal support beam or supporting trailer, with the free end of each joint Tel'nykh main link connecting beam end beams located at the bottom of the cylindrical cavity of the sleeve or the end section of the support trailer) and fixed there with the help of a finger.

In the fourth of the claimed variants of the device, the connection of each connecting beam of the main end beam with the corresponding connecting beam fixed to the load is similar to its connection with the connecting beam of the end wall described above: each connecting link of the connecting beam fixed to the load has a flat lower side adjacent to a flat upper side the corresponding connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam, also has guide holes and cavities for, respectively continuously cylindrical fingers and stops projecting on the flat side of the respective connecting link connecting the main beam end beams. At the same time, the ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam fixed on the load and the main end beam, placed in pairs in the cavity of the coupling of the corresponding supporting trailer, are also fixed in it with a finger.

Sets of lower rods are located at the bottom of the device for securing cargo and connect blocks of opposite main end beams. The eyes of the lower rods are placed in the cavities between the eyes of the blocks of the main end beams and / or between the eyes and racks of the blocks of the main end beams. The connection of the lower links with the corresponding block is carried out by means of an axis installed in the holes of the inner and outer racks of the block through the combined holes of the eyes of the lower links and the eyes of the block. The number of lower rods in one set and their carrying capacity as a whole depend on the mass of the load, the location of the lower rods relative to the longitudinal axis of the set, the size and number of cavities for the eyes of the lower rods formed in the blocks of the main end beams with a certain combination of the eyes of the blocks in the set.

The lower link rods with end sections in the form of eyes represent, as a rule, each I-beam. In order to simplify the design of the set of lower rods as their longitudinal tensile elements, in the claimed versions 1-3 of the device steel ropes can be used with the required number of threads placed in the boxes, which are used to form an additional transverse contour of the system in the middle parts of the structure . If I-beams are used as lower rods in versions 1-4 of the device for securing the load, then beams with a higher carrying capacity in a set are usually located closer to the longitudinal axis of the lower link set, lower carrying capacity - further from the longitudinal axis of the set. In variants 5 and 6 of the claimed device use I-beams of the same load capacity (with shelves of the same metal consumption).

For all declared variants of the device, it is preferable to place in each of the blocks the main end beams of a set of eyes, which (eyes) are installed parallel to each other between the inner and outer racks of the block. Thanks to the use of several (set) eyes, it is possible to increase the cavities (sinuses) to accommodate the eyes of the lower links, and, consequently, to increase the number of eyes of the lower links, which, in turn, leads to an increase in the number of axial sections working on the section, uniting the eyes of the block and lower links, and allows you to reduce the size of all the eyes placed in the block.

At the same time, each eye of the set has a guide groove for landing on the sectional yoke, a hook for interfacing with the sectional base, and also an opening where an axis is inserted to connect the eyelet to the eye of the console of the wheel trolley of the transport vehicle, and a guide recess made in the upper part for installation the cylindrical part of the connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam.

In addition, it is preferable to make the eyes of the blocks stacked, each consisting of at least two, connected (welding, screw connection, rivets) layers of different thicknesses and designs. The thickness of each eye in the set is determined by the number of layers of different thicknesses comprising it, and the number of eyes in the set is determined by the width between the eyes of the console of the wheeled vehicle and the amount of force transmitted from them to the lower links. The type-setting design of the eyes allows you to take into account any design of the eye of the wheeled vehicle and its carrying capacity.

The transverse connections (upper and / or lower) used in the devices for securing a cargo of cylindrical shape (versions 2, 3, 4) can be structurally combined with their suspensions to form a surface that repeats the contour of the cargo surface in contact with it.

The use of any of the claimed variants of the device for securing cargo for the transportation of goods of a certain type, but differing in overall dimensions, becomes possible as a result of changing the working volume for the cargo being equipped in the device, which is achieved by performing the main elements of the device sectional. So, changing the length (longitudinal overall dimensions) of the device for securing cargo for the purpose of transportation, including long goods, becomes possible due to the sectional implementation of its longitudinal elements (supporting-longitudinal and persistent-longitudinal beams, lower rods), and collapsible ( the connecting links are disconnected from the middle part of the beam) of the connecting beams of the device (and the connecting beam of the load in the 4th embodiment), sectional traverses, bases and transverse (upper, lower and additional) connections (in special cases and execution), and (embodiments 1, 3 devices) detachable connection method crossmember end wall with its end uprights allows to change transverse dimensions of the device for securing cargo for the transportation of cargo with different transverse dimensions.

In the claimed variants of the device for securing the cargo, a detachable method is used to connect its main nodes to each other and / or individual elements in these nodes:

- detachable connection of the connecting beams of the end wall and the main end beam (options 1-3, 5, 6 of the device) - the main assembly node of the device - allows you to determine, based on the design and shape of the load, as well as its technical and technological capabilities, the need for use in the device end walls of the device or end walls of the load (connecting beams fixed to them) instead of end walls of the device.

- detachable connection of the connecting beam of the end wall with the connecting beam mounted on the load (device option 4) allows the latter to be used as a cargo accessory, to obtain the load support node in the end parts, as well as to ensure coordination of the cargo relative to the eyes of the main end beam in the longitudinal and transverse directions and transfer of load on them;

- detachable connection of the transverse beam of the end wall with the end racks (options 1, 3 of the device) - allows you to change the design of the end wall;

- detachable connection of the connecting beam of the main end beam with the blocks of the main end beam allows the use of various sets of eyes and replacing the connecting beam itself in the main end beam;

- detachable connection of the longitudinal-longitudinal beams with the end wall (device options 1.2) allows: a) to refuse the use of longitudinal-longitudinal beams (device variants 3-6) when the strength and rigidity of the load or its shell is ensured, b) the required number thrust-longitudinal beams should be placed directly in that cross-sectional area of the load, which accounts for the force from the stops of the vehicle consoles or where a loss of stiffness and stability of the body or shell of the load is possible;

- detachable connection of support-longitudinal beams (options 1, 3, 5 of the device) or support end-switches (options 2, 4, 6 of the device) on the shelves of the main end beam blocks provides: a) for the duration of the cargo transportation, the strength and rigidity of the connection of the end walls and the main end beams, due to the placement of the ends of the connecting links of their connecting beams in the cavities of the couplings of the support-longitudinal beams or supporting end-ends, b) the interchangeability of these structural elements, depending on the selected version of the device for securing the load;

- a detachable connection of transverse connections with the longitudinal elements of the device allows you to use the required number, based on ensuring the necessary rigidity of the longitudinal nodes and elements of the device and the geometry and shape of the transported cargo or shell of the cargo, without changing the design of the longitudinal nodes and elements of the device for securing the cargo;

- detachable connection of the lower rods with the blocks of the main end beams allows, if necessary, to change the structure of the lower part of the device for securing cargo by changing the number of sets of lower rods, as well as by changing the number, type and load capacity of the lower rods in the set.

The specified method of detachable connection of unified nodes and elements allows us to form from the existing complete set of nodes and elements an optimal set of nodes and elements in relation to any of the claimed device options for securing cargo and, in addition, to replace nodes / structural elements with similar ones in case of breakage. The composition (type and number of nodes and elements) of the specified optimal set is determined by the shape, dimensions, technical (strength and rigidity) and technological characteristics of the cargo being transported and how it is installed in the device for securing the cargo. In cases where the cargo or its shell has the necessary strength and rigidity, the device for securing the cargo has an incomplete set of structural elements, while the missing parts and nodes are filled up with the contour of the cargo itself or its shell.

Arrangement of cargo in the first four versions of the device for securing cargo occurs in the process of equipping the contour system (assembly of the device), and its fastening to the device is carried out through the use of its regular supporting places (nodes) and / or additional devices fixed to the elements of the device and preventing thereby shifting the load. In this case, during transportation, the load accepts longitudinal and transverse inertial loads, the magnitude of which depends on its mass, and the device for securing the load (metal contour support) experiences the same loads as the load fastens to it (load from mass of cargo), as well as additional loads from the consoles of wheeled vehicles. The condition for the reliable operation of the device for securing cargo is the mutual redistribution of loads arising during the carriage of cargo: vertical (transverse) loads, fixed on the supporting structures of the device for securing cargo, loads on the standard supporting parts of a wheeled vehicle, and reverse, horizontal (longitudinal) loads - through the console of a wheeled vehicle to a device for securing cargo. The specified redistribution of loads is provided by the two-level contour system created by the elements of the device for securing the load.

The possibility of applying various modifications (options) of the device, composed of the optimal set of suitable for any of the claimed device options for securing the cargo of elements and assemblies, taking into account the characteristics of the transported cargo, as well as the formation (1-4 device options) of them (elements and assemblies) using load and around the load of a two-level contour system of redistribution of loads, expands a) the operational capabilities of the device for securing the load and allows b) rationally and efficiently use the wheel e vehicle.

The expansion of the operational capabilities of the device for securing cargo occurs due to the possibility of distribution around the cargo of nodes and elements of the device in those places (zones) and directions where the perception of loads occurs most effectively. Thus, it becomes feasible to establish an individual safety factor for each node or design element of the device, as well as to determine those that can be replaced with new ones during the operation of the device without compromising the performance of the entire device. In addition, the presence of independent unified units / elements of the device with its own safety factor allows them to be used with different intensities depending on the variant of the device for securing the cargo selected according to the characteristics of the cargo.

The proposed technical solution is aimed at using the technical and technological capabilities of the cargo (or its shell), included in one way or another in the contour system of the device for securing the cargo, which in turn has a varying degree of strength and rigidity. Such use of the load reduces the load on the nodes and structural elements of the device for securing the cargo and, thereby, allows to reduce the cross-section of individual parts of these nodes and elements, which leads to a decrease in the metal consumption of the structure. Reducing material consumption (additional technical result) of the device for securing cargo allows the use of a conveyor of lower carrying capacity.

Due to the possibility of switching from wheeled vehicles of greater carrying capacity to wheeled vehicles of lower carrying capacity: The proposed device for securing cargo allows a more rational and efficient use of wheeled vehicles, since:

- with an increase in the vehicle's carrying capacity, greater difficulties arise regarding its maintenance, management of the transportation process and organization of this process,

- according to the established safety requirements, the vehicle speed of a higher carrying capacity is lower than the vehicle speed of a lower carrying capacity, which affects the timing of cargo transportation.

That is, the transition to a wheeled vehicle of lower carrying capacity leads to a decrease in the complexity of transportation and, as a consequence of this, to a decrease in the cost of transportation in general.

To clarify the essence of the claimed device presents the following graphic materials, which depict:

- FIG. 1 - device for securing cargo to the vehicle in a perspective view in the form of a supporting metal structure - front view;

- FIG. 2 - a device for securing cargo to a vehicle in a perspective view - top view, where B is the size between the eyes of the blocks of the main end beam, I is the length (overall size) of the device for securing the cargo;

- FIG. 3 - device for securing cargo to the vehicle - side view in a perspective view;

- FIG. 4 - node connecting the end wall with the main end beam (section AA of the supporting metal structure (Fig. 1));

- FIG. 5 - end stand of the end wall (front view);

- FIG. 6 - end stand of the end wall (side view);

- FIG. 7 - transverse beam of the end wall (front view);

- FIG. 8 - persistent longitudinal beam (front view);

- FIG. 9 - persistent longitudinal beam (on the side);

- FIG. 10 - supporting-longitudinal beam (front view);

- FIG. 11 - supporting-longitudinal beam (top view);

- FIG. 12 - block of the main end beam (side view);

- FIG. 13 - block of the main end beam (front view);

- FIG. 14 - block of the main end beam (top view);

- FIG. 15 - the eye of the block from the set (type I);

- FIG. 16 - the eye of the block from the set (type II);

- FIG. 17 - the eye of the block from the set (type III);

- FIG. 18 - set of lower rods (front view);

- FIG. 19 - a set of lower rods (top view);

- FIG. 20 - a set of lower rods (section AA of the lower rods in front view);

- FIG. 21 - lower / upper cross sectional connection with suspensions;

- FIG. 22 is a variant of the lower / upper transverse sectional connection (communication and suspensions are integrated into one whole) - front view;

- FIG. 23 is a variant of the lower / upper transverse sectional connection (communication and suspensions are integrated into one whole) - top view;

- FIG. 24 is a diagram of a transformer mounting on a 28-axis articulated type conveyor (oversized cargo, oversize index N-8880) - front view;

- FIG. 25 is a diagram of a transformer mounting on a 28-axis articulated type conveyor (oversized cargo, oversize index N-8880) - side view;

- FIG. 26 is a diagram of a stator housing fastening on a 28-axis railway articulated type conveyor (oversized cargo, oversize index N-4880) - front view;

- FIG. 27 is a diagram of a stator housing fastening on a 28-axis railway articulated type conveyor (oversized cargo, oversize index N-4880) - side view;

The following is an example of a specific device for fastening bulky and heavy cargo (transformer) to wheeled vehicles on a 28-axle articulated type conveyor (Fig. 26, 27) and provides information confirming the feasibility of implementing a utility model to obtain the above technical result.

The device for securing cargo is a supporting spatial metal structure (Fig. 1-4) containing two identical end walls 1 and 2 located between them in the upper part (above the line passing through the common center of gravity of the load, wheeled vehicle, device for cargo fastening) constructions two longitudinal-longitudinal beams 3; two supporting-longitudinal beams 4, two sets of lower rods 5 and four lower transverse links 6 with suspensions - in the lower part of the structure, as well as two identical main end beams (not shown in the drawings) located at the base of the end walls 1 (2) . Each main end beam is connected to the corresponding end wall 1 (2) using two identical transverse connecting beams (hereinafter - the connecting beam 7 of the end wall and the connecting beam 7 ′ of the main end beam).

The end walls 1 and 2 of the device for securing cargo are identical to each other and are symmetrical each relative to the vertical longitudinal plane of the device for securing cargo. Each end wall 1 (2) consists of: two extreme racks (hereinafter referred to as end racks) 8 (Fig. 5-6), a transverse beam 9 (Fig. 7) located on top of the end racks 8, connected to them by bolted joints and having thrust seats on the outside for interfacing with the stops of the vehicle consoles (conveyor), and the connecting beam 7 of the end wall. The ends of the transverse beam 9 of each end wall 1 (2) are installed with the fingers in the niches 10 of the end sections of the corresponding longitudinal-longitudinal beams 3 (Fig. 8-9) and are connected to them using threaded parts. The connecting beam 7 of the end wall consists of a hollow half-cylindrical middle part 11, which is located between the end posts 8 of the end wall 1 (2), and two identical connecting links 12 connected to the ends of the middle part, each of which also represents a hollow half-cylinder. The cylindrical (upper) surface of each connecting link 12 is installed in the guide half-cylindrical recess 13 (Fig. 6) at the base of the corresponding end strut 8, in contact with its (recess) cylindrical surface. The free end of each connecting link 12 of the connecting beam 7 of the end wall 1 (2) is located in the upper part of the cylindrical cavity 14 of the end section of the corresponding support-longitudinal beam 4 (Fig. 10-11).

Each main end beam of the device for securing cargo is, along with end walls 1 (2), an assembly unit (assembly unit) of the device, symmetrical with respect to the vertical longitudinal plane of the device and consists of a pair of identical blocks 15 (Fig. 12-14) with a set of eyes connected (blocks) to each other in the upper part of the connecting beam 7 ′ (connecting beam of the main end beam), in the middle part - sectional traverse 16 located in the zone with the least load, and sectional base 17 - in the lower part.

The design of the connecting beam 7 ′ of the main end beam is similar to the design of the connecting beam 7 of the end wall 1 (2). The connecting beam 7 ′ of the main end beam forms a detachable connection with the blocks 15: the cylindrical (lower) surface of each connecting link 12 ′ is installed in the guide half-cylindrical recesses (pos. Not indicated) of the inner 18 and outer 19 racks of the block 15, is in contact with their cylindrical surfaces and connects with bolts. The free end of each connecting link 12 of the connecting beam 7 of the main end beam is located in the lower part of the cylindrical cavity 14 of the coupling of the end section of the corresponding support-longitudinal beam 4 of the device.

Thus, the cylindrical cavity 14 of the coupling of the end section of each longitudinal support beam 4 integrates the free ends of the connecting links 12 and 12 ′ of the connecting beams 7 and 7 ′ of the end wall 1 (2) and the main end beam, in pairs, into one. The indicated ends of the connecting links 12 and 12 ′ are fixed in the cavity 14 of the coupling of the end section of a separate support-longitudinal beam 4 with the help of a finger 20.

Moreover, each connecting link 12 of the connecting beam 7 of the end wall 1 (2) from the flat (lower) side adjacent to the flat (upper) side of the corresponding connecting link 12 ′ of the connecting beam 7 ′ of the main end beam has guide holes and cavities for, respectively , cylindrical fingers 21 and stops 22, protruding on the flat side of the corresponding connecting link 12 ′ of the connecting beam T of the main end beam. The middle parts 11 and 11 ′ of said connecting beams 7 and 7 ′ also contacting each other on flat surfaces are connected to each other by means of bolted joints.

Thus, the junction of the two assembly nodes of the device (end wall 1 (2) and the corresponding main end beam) are the flat sides (surfaces) of the connecting beams 7 and 7 ′ of these nodes.

Blocks 15 (Fig. 12-14) of the main end beams of the device each contain an inner 18 and an outer 19 racks, as well as a set of eyes 23. The eyes 23 included in the set of eyes 23 (see Fig. 15) are installed in layers (parallel to each other) between the racks 18 and 19. -17) are typesetting, have various thickness and design.

All eyes of the set 23 have a guide groove 24 for landing on the beam 16, a hook 25 for interfacing with the base 17, a hole 26 where the axis is inserted when connecting the eyes 23 to the eye of the console of the wheel trolley of the vehicle wheeled vehicle, as well as a guide recess (centering profile, pos. (not shown) in the upper part for mounting the cylindrical part of the connecting link 12 ′ of the connecting beam 7 ′ of the main end beam. Differences in the design of the eyes 23 depend on their location in the set. Fundamentally, in the set with four (thickness Н1, Н2, Н2, Н1 in Fig. 14) lower links 5 in the set there can be three types of eyes 23:

- type I - the central (Fig. 15) eye, reinforced at the location of the hole 26 for the axis of the eyes of the console of the wheeled trolley and the protrusion, which has a through hole 27 for the finger (axis) for attaching the eyes 28 of the lower rods 5,

- type II - two middle eyes adjacent to the central eye (Fig. 16) without a protrusion intended for the hole 27 under the axis of attachment of the eyes 28 of the lower rods 5, each reinforced at the location of the hole 26 for the axis of the eyes of the console of the wheeled cart.

- type III - two extreme, adjacent to the inner 18 and outer 19 racks of the block 15, the lugs (Fig. 17) with a reinforced protrusion in which there is a through guide hole 27 for the finger (axis) for attaching the eyes 28 of the lower rods 5.

Cavities (pockets) of width H1 and H2 for four eyes of 28 lower links 5 are formed when alternating in the set of eyes 23 of the indicated types: internal stand 18 - eye type III - type II - type II - type II - type III - external stand 19).

All eyes 23 of the blocks 15 are tightly in contact in the set, while in the upper part each of the eyes is connected to the cylindrical part of the corresponding connecting link 12 ′ of the main end beam, while the extreme eyes 23 are also connected additionally to the inner 18 and outer 19 struts of the block 15.

Thus, the eyes 23, the inner 18 and the outer 19 of the strut of one block 15 are combined in the upper part - the connecting beam 7 ′ of the main end beam, in the middle part - traverse 16, in the lower part (hooks are made for contact with the base in the eyes) - with the base 17.

The shelf 29 of the outer strut 19 of the block 15 (Fig. 12-14) perceives the vertical load from the end section of the corresponding support-longitudinal beam 4 installed and secured to it by bolt connections.

The number of lower rods 5 (Fig. 18-19) in one set and their carrying capacity as a whole depend on the mass of the load, their location relative to the longitudinal axis of the set and the number of cavities for the eyes of the lower rods 5 in blocks 15 formed between the uprights 18 and 19 of block 15 with a certain number and combination of eyes 23 in the set. Each of the lower rods 5 (Fig. 18-19) of the set is an I-beam, each end section of which is made in the form of an eye 28. Sets of lower rods 5 are located at the bottom of the device for securing the load and connect the blocks 15 of the opposite main end beams.

In the middle part of the supporting metal structure between the longitudinal longitudinal beams 3 and the longitudinal longitudinal beams 4 are located (Fig. 1-3) and are attached to them by means of detachable joints of the rack 30 with braces 31.

In the lower part of the device for securing the load, four sectional lower transverse connections 6 (Fig. 21) providing stiffness of the longitudinal contour are located with suspensions for attachment to the support-longitudinal beams 4 and with places for detachable connection with the lower links 5.

The fastening of the load (transformer) to the device in this example is carried out by:

a) fastening the standard supporting consoles of the transformer shell on the upper plane of the longitudinal-longitudinal beams 3, preventing their longitudinal and transverse displacement; b) the connection of the flanges of the transformer cover through an additional supporting device with transverse beams 9 of the end walls 1 (2).

ASSEMBLY

1. The assembly of the device for securing the load begins with the formation of a set of lower rods corresponding to the general tensile load 5 - laying out from the corresponding sections of the rods of the desired length depending on their placement relative to the general longitudinal axis of the set: rods of greater carrying capacity are located closer to the longitudinal axis of the set, lower carrying capacity - further from the longitudinal axis of the set.

2. Assembly of the main end beam.

The eyes of 23 different designs (types) and thicknesses preassembled in a certain order are placed tightly between the inner 18 and outer 19 struts of block 15. The blocks 15 of the main end beam are connected by a traverse 16 and are installed on the base 17.

In the upper part, the blocks 15 are joined by the connecting beam T of the main end beam: the cylindrical surfaces of the connecting links 12 ′ of the connecting beam 7 ′ are installed in the guide recesses in the upper parts of the eyes 23, the inner 18 and the outer 19 of the struts of the block 15 and are fastened to them with bolted connections.

3. The connection of the main end beams of the device for securing the load.

The lower rods 5 of the set are placed so that the eyes 28 of the lower rods 5 are located in the cavities between those eyes 23 of the block 15, which (the eyes 23) have a protrusion with a hole 27 under the finger (axis) for their fastening. In the holes of the inner 18 and outer 19 racks of the block 15 through the holes coaxial with them 27 in the eyes 23 and the holes in the eyes 28 of the lower rods 5, an axis is fixed that fastens the lower rods 5 and blocks 15.

4. A detachable (bolted) connection of the lower transverse links 6 with the lower rods 5.

5. Assembly of the end wall 1 (2) of the device for securing the load.

On the end posts 8, a transverse end beam 9 is mounted on top and bolted to them. The end wall connecting beam 7 is located at the base of the end wall 1 (2), the ends of the middle part 11 of the end wall connecting beam 7 are located between the end posts 8, and the cylindrical ( the upper) surface of each of its connecting link 12 is installed in the guide half-cylindrical recess 13 at the base of the corresponding end strut 8, in contact with its cylindrical surface, and welds Xia to her.

6. The assembly of the nodes (end wall 1 (2) and the main end beam) is connected by combining the flat surfaces of the connecting beams 7 and 7 ′ of the end wall 1 (2) and the corresponding main end beam so that the guide holes and cavities of the connecting links 12 the connecting beams 7 of the end wall 1 (2) are combined with the fingers 21 and the stops 22 of the connecting beams 7 ′ of the main end beam: the guide holes with the fingers 21 ensure the straightness of the assembly of the end posts 8 relative to the blocks 15 and the strength of the connection (the end wall with the main end beam) relative to the loads in the transverse direction, and the guide cavities with limiters 22 provide the transmission of the longitudinal load from the load to the console of the vehicle’s wheeled truck.

7. The assembly and installation of support-thrust frames is carried out by connecting with each other using racks 30 and braces 31, dialed from sections of the corresponding lengths of the support-longitudinal beams 4 and the axial-longitudinal beams 3.

The installation of support-bearing frames between the end walls 1 (2) is performed:

a) by placing in the niches 10 persistent longitudinal beams 3 ends of the transverse beams 9 and their subsequent connection with bolts, nuts, fingers;

b) by placing the free ends of the connecting links 12, 12 ′ of the joined connecting beams 7 and 7 ′ in the cylindrical cavities 14 of the longitudinal support beams 4 and fixing them there with the fingers 20, subsequent installation and fastening (detachable connection) of the end sections of the longitudinal support beams 4 on the shelves of the external racks 19 blocks 15.

8. Fastening (detachable connection) of the lower transverse links 6 to the longitudinal support beams 4.

LOAD TRANSFER in the device is as follows:

The load, relying on axial-longitudinal beams 3, transfers through the racks 30, braces 31, to the longitudinally-basic beams 4 and further through the connecting nodes formed in the end sections of the longitudinal-longitudinal beams 4 by the free ends of the connecting links 12 and 12 ′ to the shelves outer racks 19 blocks 15 load on the eyes 23, and then on the eyes of the consoles of the vehicle. At the same time, the strength and rigidity of the support-longitudinal beams 4 is ensured by transverse connections 6, transverse beams 9, connecting beams 7 and 7 ′ and the bases 17 — this is the FIRST level of the contour system.

Due to the torque from the vertical load transmitted by the mass of cargo on the axis of the eyes 23, the device for securing the cargo experiences longitudinal loads. The lower links 5, the eyes 23 of the blocks 15, the connecting beams 7 and 7 ′, the axial longitudinal beams 3 form the SECOND level of the contour system. Thus, all the loads acting in the two-level contour system of the device for securing the load are transferred to the blocks 15, summed by traverses 16 and then transferred to the eyes of the vehicle consoles through the eyes 23 of the blocks 15.

The transport system (wheeled vehicles connected via consoles with a device for securing cargo, a device for securing cargo, cargo) is ready for use after connecting the cargo to the device for securing cargo and articulating the eyes of the consoles of transport wheeled carts with eyes 23 of the device for securing cargo through axles .

Claims (56)

1. Device for securing bulky and heavy cargo, characterized in that it is a supportive spatial metal structure arranged around the load or shell of the cargo and with the help of the load, containing end walls, each of which consists of two extreme end racks located on top of the end racks racks and connected with them with the formation of a detachable connection of the transverse beam, which has external stop places for interfacing with the stops of the vehicle consoles, is located oh the base and end wall forming the end struts with permanent connection connecting beams consisting of a middle portion, which is located between the end uprights and connected to the two ends of the middle portion to form a releasable connection of connectors in the form of a half cylinder each; two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of blocks with eyes, designed to connect with the eyes of the vehicle consoles, interconnected at the top of the connecting beam of the main end beam, which is similar in design to the connecting beam of the end wall, in the middle parts - sectional traverse, in the lower part - sectional base; located in the upper part of the device and intended for perceiving through the end walls of horizontal forces from the stops of the vehicle consoles, at least two longitudinal longitudinal beams, in the niches of the end sections of which the ends of the transverse beams of the end walls are installed; two support-longitudinal beams located in the middle of the device, the end sections of which are connected to the blocks of the main end beams; located at the bottom of the device, designed to connect together blocks of opposite main end beams, two sets of lower rods with end sections in the form of eyes and lower transverse links with suspensions for connection to supporting-longitudinal beams and with places for detachable connection with lower rods; moreover, each end wall and the corresponding main end beam are connected and in contact with each other on the flat surfaces of their connecting beams, while the free ends of the connecting links of the connecting beams of each end wall, combined in pairs with the free ends of the connecting ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam of the main end beam, are placed and fixed in the cylindrical cavities of the coupling end sections of the corresponding support-longitudinal beams, and securing the load to the device It is obtained by fixing its supporting devices or standard elements on the longitudinal-longitudinal beams. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical surface of each connecting link of the connecting beam of the end wall is installed in the guide semi-cylindrical recess at the base of the corresponding end strut, in contact with its cylindrical surface, and attached to it, forming an integral connection. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical surfaces of each connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam are installed with the formation of a detachable connection in the guide recesses made in the upper parts of the eyes of the block, in its inner and outer racks. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the blocks of the main end beams contains a set of eyes installed parallel to each other between the inner and outer racks of the block. 5. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each of the eyes of the block has a different thickness and design and is made type-setting, consisting of at least two layers of different thickness and design. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that between the axial-longitudinal and axial-longitudinal beams are located and are attached to them by means of detachable joints of the rack with braces. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that each connecting link of the connecting beam of the end wall with a flat lower side adjacent to the flat upper side of the corresponding connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam has guide holes and cavities for respectively cylindrical fingers and stops, protruding on the flat side of the corresponding connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the connecting links of the connecting beams of the end wall and the main end beam, placed in pairs in the cavity of the coupling of the corresponding end section of the corresponding support-longitudinal beam, are fixed there with a finger. 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower transverse ties are made sectional. 10. A device for securing bulky and heavy cargo, characterized in that it is a supportive spatial metal structure arranged around the cargo or shell of the cargo and with the help of the cargo, containing end walls, each of which consists of two extreme end racks with persistent places for pairing with stops of the vehicle consoles located at the base of the end wall and forming with the end posts one-piece connection of the connecting beam, consisting of media s portion which is located between the end uprights and two ends attached to the middle part to form a releasable connection of connectors in the form of a half cylinder each; two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of blocks with eyes, designed to connect with the eyes of the vehicle consoles, interconnected at the top of the connecting beam of the main end beam, which is similar in design to the connecting beam of the end wall, in the middle parts - sectional traverse, in the bottom - sectional base; located at the top of the device along its longitudinal axis and intended for perceiving through the end posts of the end walls of horizontal forces from the stops of the vehicle consoles, at least one longitudinal-longitudinal beam, to which the upper transverse connections are connected with the possibility of connector; located at the bottom of the device, designed to connect together blocks of opposite main end beams, two sets of lower rods with end sections in the form of lugs and lower transverse connections with places for detachable connection with lower rods, absorbing vertical forces from the longitudinal-longitudinal beam through the racks, fixed between the upper cross-links or their suspensions and the lower cross-links or their suspensions; moreover, each end wall and the corresponding main end beam are connected and in contact with each other on the flat surfaces of their connecting beams, while the free ends of the connecting links of the connecting beams of each end wall, combined in pairs with the free ends of the connecting ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam of the main end beam, are placed and are fixed in the cylindrical cavities of the couplings of the four supporting limit switches, each connected to the corresponding block of the corresponding main Ortsevo beams and sensing mass resting on their cargo. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the cylindrical surface of each connecting link of the connecting beam of the end wall is installed in the guide half-cylindrical recess at the base of the corresponding end strut, in contact with its cylindrical surface, and attached to it, forming an integral connection. 12. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the cylindrical surfaces of each connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam are installed with the formation of a detachable connection in the guide recesses made in the upper parts of the eyes of the block, in its inner and outer racks. 13. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that each of the blocks of the main end beams contains a set of eyes installed parallel to each other between the inner and outer racks of the block. 14. The device according to any one of paragraphs.10-13, characterized in that each of the eyes of the block has a different thickness and design and is made type-setting, consisting of at least two layers of different thickness and design. 15. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the transverse connection and its suspensions are structurally combined with each other with the formation of a surface that repeats the contour of the load surface in contact with it. 16. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the middle parts of the connecting beams of the end wall and the main end beam in contact with each other on flat surfaces are connected to each other using bolted connections. 17. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that each connecting link of the connecting beam of the end wall with a flat lower side adjacent to the flat upper side of the corresponding connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam has guide holes and cavities for cylindrical fingers and stops, respectively protruding on the flat side of the corresponding connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam. 18. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the free ends of the connecting links of the connecting beams of the end wall and the main end beam, placed in pairs in the cavity of the coupling of the corresponding supporting trailer, are fixed in it with a finger. 19. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the connection of the longitudinal-longitudinal beam with the end racks of the end walls is detachable and is carried out by means of transverse distribution beams located at the ends of the longitudinal-longitudinal beam. 20. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the upper and / or lower transverse connections are made sectional. 21. A device for securing bulky and heavy cargo, characterized in that it is a supportive spatial metal structure arranged around the cargo or shell of the cargo and with the help of the cargo, containing end walls, each of which consists of two extreme end racks located on top of the end racks racks and connected with them with the formation of a detachable connection of the transverse beam, which has external stop places for interfacing with the stops of the vehicle consoles, is located at the base of the end wall and forming with the end posts an integral connection of the connecting beam, consisting of the middle part, which is located between the end posts, and two connected to the ends of the middle part with the formation of a detachable connection of the connecting links in the form of a half-cylinder each; two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of blocks with eyes, designed to connect with the eyes of the vehicle consoles, interconnected at the top of the connecting beam of the main end beam, which is similar in design to the connecting beam of the end wall, in the middle parts - sectional traverse, in the bottom - sectional base; two support-longitudinal beams located in the middle of the device, the end sections of which are connected to the blocks of the main end beams; located at the bottom of the device, designed to connect together blocks of opposite main end beams, two sets of lower rods with end sections in the form of eyes and lower transverse links with suspensions for connection to supporting-longitudinal beams and with places for detachable connection with lower rods; moreover, each end wall and the corresponding main end beam are connected and in contact with each other on the flat surfaces of their connecting beams, while the free ends of the connecting links of the connecting beams of each end wall, combined in pairs with the free ends of the connecting ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam of the main end beam, are placed and fixed in the cylindrical cavities of the coupling end sections of the corresponding support-longitudinal beams, and securing the load to the device It is fixed by fixing support devices or standard load elements on the longitudinal support beams of the device. 22. The device according to item 21, wherein the cylindrical surface of each connecting link of the connecting beam of the end wall is installed in the guide half-cylindrical recess at the base of the corresponding end strut, in contact with its cylindrical surface, and attached to it, forming an integral connection. 23. The device according to item 21, wherein the cylindrical surface of each connecting link of the connecting beams of the main end beams are installed with the formation of a detachable connection in the guide recesses made in the upper parts of the eyes of the block, in its inner and outer racks. 24. The device according to item 21, wherein each of the blocks of the main end beams contains a set of eyes installed parallel to each other between the inner and outer racks of the block. 25. The device according to any one of paragraphs.21-24, characterized in that each of the eyes of the block has a different thickness and design and is made type-setting, consisting of at least two layers of different thickness and design. 26. The device according to item 21, wherein the lower transverse connection and its suspensions, designed to be attached to the longitudinal support beams, are structurally combined with each other with the formation of a surface that repeats the contour of the load surface in contact with it. 27. The device according to item 21, wherein each connecting link of the connecting beam of the end wall with a flat lower side adjacent to the flat upper side of the corresponding connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam has guide holes and cavities for respectively cylindrical fingers and stops, protruding on the flat side of the corresponding connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam. 28. The device according to item 21, wherein the ends of the connecting links of the connecting beams of the end wall and the main end beam, placed in pairs in the cavity of the coupling of the corresponding end section of the corresponding support-longitudinal beam, are fixed in it with a finger. 29. The device according to item 21, wherein the additional fastening of the load to the device is due to its connection with the transverse beams of the end walls. 30. The device according to item 21, wherein the lower transverse ties are made sectional. 31. A device for securing large-sized and heavy cargo, characterized in that it is a support spatial metal structure arranged around the cargo or shell of the cargo and with the help of the cargo, containing two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of blocks with lugs designed to connect with the eyes of the vehicle consoles, interconnected in the lower part by a sectional base, in the middle part by a sectional traverse, and in the upper part by a connecting bar a piece of the main end beam, which forms a detachable connection with the blocks and consists of a middle part located between the internal struts of the blocks, and two connected to the ends of the middle part with the formation of a detachable connection of connecting links in the form of a half-cylinder each; located in the lower part of the device along its longitudinal axis and designed to connect blocks of opposite main end beams to each other, a set of lower rods, the middle sections of which are integrated into a single structure, at each end of which a transverse distribution beam with eyes is fixed for connection with the corresponding main unit end beams; moreover, the connecting beams of the main end beams of the device are connected to similarly connected connecting beams mounted on the corresponding end walls of the cargo, and contact them on flat surfaces, while the free ends of the connecting links of each connecting beam connected to the load, combined in pairs with the free ends adjacent to the connecting links of the connecting beam of the corresponding main end beam, are placed and fixed in the cylindrical cavities of the couplings etyreh reference limit switches connected to each corresponding block corresponding to the main front beam and sensing the weight resting on them cargo. 32. The device according to p. 31, characterized in that the cylindrical surface of each connecting link of the connecting beams of the main end beams are installed with the formation of a detachable connection in the guide recesses made in the upper parts of the eyes of the block, in its inner and outer racks. 33. The device according to p. 31, characterized in that each of the blocks of the main end beams contains a set of eyes installed parallel to each other between the inner and outer racks of the block. 34. The device according to any one of paragraphs.31-33, characterized in that each of the eyes of the block has a different thickness and design and is made type-setting, consisting of at least two layers of different thickness and design. 35. The device according to p. 31, characterized in that the contacting on flat surfaces of the middle parts of the connecting beams mounted on the load, with the middle parts of the connecting beams of the main end beams are connected using bolted connections. 36. The device according to p. 31, characterized in that each connecting link of the connecting beam mounted on the load, with a flat lower side adjacent to the flat upper side of the corresponding connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam, has guide holes and cavities for respectively cylindrical fingers and limiters protruding on the flat side of the corresponding connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam. 37. The device according to p. 36, characterized in that the ends of the connecting links of the connecting beams, mounted on the load, and the main end beams, placed in pairs in the cavity of the coupling of the corresponding supporting trailer, are fixed in it with a finger. 38. Device for securing bulky and heavy cargo, characterized in that it is a support spatial metal structure equipped with a load, containing end walls, each of which consists of two extreme end racks with thrust places for interfacing with stops of vehicle consoles, located at the base of the end wall and forming with the end posts one-piece connection of the connecting beam, consisting of a middle part, which is located between end racks, and two connected to the ends of the middle part with the formation of a detachable connection of the connecting links in the form of a half-cylinder each; two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of blocks with eyes, designed to connect with the eyes of the vehicle consoles, interconnected at the top of the connecting beam of the main end beam, which is similar in design to the connecting beam of the end wall, in the middle parts - sectional traverse, in the bottom - sectional base; two support-longitudinal beams located in the middle of the device, the end sections of which are connected to the blocks of the main end beams; located at the bottom of the device and designed to connect blocks of opposite main end beams to each other, two sets of lower rods with end sections in the form of eyes and lower transverse links with suspensions for attachment to support-longitudinal beams and with places for detachable connection with lower rods; moreover, each end wall and the corresponding main end beam are connected and in contact with each other on the flat surfaces of their connecting beams, while the free ends of the connecting links of the connecting beams of each end wall, combined in pairs with the free ends of the connecting ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam of the main end beam, are placed and fixed in the cylindrical cavities of the coupling end sections of the corresponding support-longitudinal beams, and securing the load to the device It is established by installing its base on a horizontal support plane formed by the upper surfaces of the support-longitudinal beams and additional cross-links placed between the support-longitudinal beams. 39. The device according to § 38, characterized in that the cylindrical surface of each connecting link of the connecting beam of the end wall is installed in the guide half-cylindrical recess at the base of the corresponding end strut, in contact with its cylindrical surface, and attached to it, forming an integral connection. 40. The device according to § 38, characterized in that the cylindrical surfaces of each connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam are installed with the formation of a detachable connection in the guide recesses made in the upper parts of the eyes of the block, in its inner and outer racks. 41. The device according to § 38, characterized in that each of the blocks of the main end beams contains a set of eyes installed parallel to each other between the inner and outer racks of the block. 42. The device according to any one of paragraphs 38-41, characterized in that each of the eyes of the block has a different thickness and design and is made type-setting, consisting of at least two layers of different thickness and design. 43. The device according to § 38, characterized in that the transverse connection and its suspensions, designed to be attached to the support-longitudinal beams, are structurally combined with each other with the formation under additional transverse connections of volumes to accommodate ballast. 44. The device according to § 38, characterized in that the middle parts of the connecting beams of the end wall and the main end beam in contact with each other on flat surfaces are connected to each other using bolted connections. 45. The device according to § 38, characterized in that each connecting link of the connecting beam of the end wall with a flat lower side adjacent to the flat upper side of the corresponding connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam has guide holes and cavities for cylindrical fingers and stops, respectively protruding on the flat side of the corresponding connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam. 46. The device according to § 38, characterized in that the ends of the connecting links of the connecting beams of the end wall and the main end beam, placed in pairs in the cavity of the coupling of the corresponding end section of the corresponding support-longitudinal beam, are fixed in it with a finger. 47. The device according to § 38, characterized in that the additional fastening of the load to the device is due to its connection with the transverse beams of the end walls. 48. The device according to § 38, characterized in that the lower and additional transverse connections are made sectional. 49. A device for securing bulky and heavy cargo, characterized in that it is a support spatial metal structure equipped with cargo, containing end walls, each of which consists of two extreme end racks with thrust places for interfacing with stops of vehicle consoles located at the base of the end wall and forming with end racks one-piece connection of the connecting beam, consisting of a middle part, which is placed between the torus the main racks, and two attached to the ends of the middle part with the formation of a detachable connection of the connecting links in the form of a half-cylinder each; two main end beams, each consisting of a pair of identical blocks with eyes, designed to connect with the eyes of the vehicle consoles, interconnected at the top of the connecting beam of the main end beam, which is similar to the design of the connecting beam of the end wall, forming with them detachable the middle part - sectional traverse, in the lower - sectional base; located at the bottom of the device: designed to connect together blocks of opposite main end beams, at least two sets of lower rods, the end sections of each of which are made in the form of lugs, and the middle section is two-T-beams located in two tiers, and the distance between the beam of the lower tier, the metal-intensive shelf of which is located below, and the beam of the upper tier, the metal-intensive shelf of which is located above, is determined by the height of the racks installed between the beams, and neither bottom transverse links with places for detachable connection with the middle sections of the lower rods of the lower and upper tiers; moreover, each end wall and the corresponding main end beam are connected and in contact with each other on the flat surfaces of their connecting beams, while the free ends of the connecting links of the connecting beams of each end wall, combined in pairs with the free ends of the connecting ends of the connecting links of the connecting beam of the main end beam, are placed and are fixed in the cylindrical cavities of the couplings of the four supporting limit switches, each connected to the corresponding block of the corresponding main Ortsevo beam and sensing the weight resting on them, shipping and mounting to the cargo unit, by setting its base on the horizontal reference plane formed by the upper surfaces of middle sections of the lower links and the upper tier are installed on them the level of the upper surfaces of the additional crosslinks. 50. The device according to 49, characterized in that the cylindrical surfaces of each connecting link of the connecting beams of the main end beams are installed in the guides half-cylindrical recesses of the inner and outer racks of the block, are in contact with their cylindrical surfaces, forming an integral connection. 51. The device according to 49, characterized in that the cylindrical surfaces of each connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam are installed with the formation of a detachable connection in the guide recesses made in the upper parts of the eyes of the block, in its inner and outer racks. 52. The device according to any one of paragraphs 49-51, characterized in that each of the eyes of the block has a different thickness and design and is made type-setting, consisting of at least two layers of different thickness and design. 53. The device according to 49, characterized in that the middle parts of the connecting beams of the end wall and the main end beam contacting each other on flat surfaces are connected to each other using bolted connections. 54. The device according to 49, characterized in that each connecting link of the connecting beam of the end wall with a flat lower side adjacent to the flat upper side of the corresponding connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam has guide holes and cavities for respectively cylindrical fingers and stops, protruding on the flat side of the corresponding connecting link of the connecting beam of the main end beam. 55. The device according to 49, characterized in that the ends of the connecting links of the connecting beams of the end wall and the connecting beams of the main end beams, placed in pairs in the cavity of the coupling of the corresponding supporting trailer, are fixed in it with a finger. 56. The device according to 49, characterized in that the lower and additional transverse connections are made sectional.

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