RU2291828C1 - Tank-container - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway, road and water transport.

SUBSTANCE: in proposed tank-container cylindrical tank is connected with rectangular end face frames by fastening units including, each, cylindrical or conical support shell, binding ring in shape of channel formed by base and two flanges, one of which has nominal height and the other is provided with cutouts in profile of posts and cross-members of end face frame, and shaped hollow closed welded boxes. Binding ring is pointed by base to longitudinal axis of tank, is secured by flange on surfaces of posts and cross-members pointed to tank and by flange, on surfaces of said posts and cross-members pointed to each other. Ring is reinforced by mating section of channel on length between lower section of each post and lower cross-member. Support shell is secured buy one side on tank boom, and by other side, on flange of binding ring. Boxes are arranged, at least by one, in corner zones of frame between its post and/or cross-member and binding ring, being mated and attached by weld joint. At least one box has inner stiffening ribs, and support shell is provided with cutouts.

EFFECT: improved reliability of tank-container, enlarged operating capabilities, reduced costs of production.

7 cl, 6 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to containers for storage and transportation of liquids and gases and can be used in rail, road and water transport.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

To ensure the strength and rigidity of the end frames in the tank containers, straight struts are used that connect the frame racks to their lower and upper cross members. On the racks, crossbars and struts of the end frames, support shells are attached that are part of the attachment points of the end frames to the tank (RU patent No. 2155152, IPC ⁷ B 65 D 88/12, publ. 08/27/2000, bull. No. 24; RU patent No. 2072956, IPC ⁷ В 65 D 88/12, publ. 02/10/97, bull. No. 4).

The use of rectilinear struts in the end frames leads to the fact that the loads acting on the container during operation are transferred through the struts to the racks and cross-members of the end frames in the form of concentrated forces and moments, which causes stress concentration in the places where the struts adjoin the racks and cross-sections of the frames. During long cyclic loads that occur during operation during transportation of the container with the load, fatigue cracks form in the places of stress concentration, which leads to the destruction of frames during rigging operations, the fall of the container, the destruction of the tank and spillage of dangerous goods.

Known attempts to exclude spacers from the design of the tank container. So, the known design of the tank container, in which the end frames do not have spacers, and the supporting shells are mounted on the end frames using the annular segments of the corner profile (EP patent No. 0654421 B1, IPC B 65 D 88/12, publ. 06.08.97) .

The known design is intended for small and medium tank containers and is not suitable for heavy tank containers as not strong enough and rigid.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed design is the design of the tank container described in EP patent No. 0869081 A1, FIGS. 1, 2, IPC B 65 D 88/12, publ. 10/07/1998.

In a known tank container, a cylindrical tank is connected to the end frames through fastening nodes, each of which includes a retaining ring of a box-shaped profile and a cylindrical supporting shell, while the specified ring is fixed in the end frame end-to-end with the inner surfaces of its struts and cross members facing each other, and the supporting shell is fixed with one side on the bottom of the tank, the other with an overlap on the inner surface of the retaining ring. The retaining ring has a closed box-shaped profile and, at the joints with the uprights and crossbars of the end frames, has cutouts in the profile of the said struts and cross-members.

The known design has the following disadvantages:

- the choice of the box-shaped profile for the retaining ring determines the insufficient strength of the joints of this ring with the uprights and cross-members of the end frame due to the large volume of the removed metal as a result of cutouts. In addition, the box-shaped profile significantly complicates the technological execution of the bandage of the corner or box-shaped profile, since such profiles are difficult to roll on standard equipment used in mechanical engineering;

- the described mounting of the support shell to the retaining ring initiates bending stresses in the walls of the uprights and cross members, as well as the concentration of stresses at the junction of the uprights and cross members to the retaining ring;

- the described mounting of the support shell to the retaining ring eliminates the use of not conical, but, for example, a conical support shell;

- the lap welds used in the fastening do not provide the structural strength of the tank container, since they work in shear and not in tension-compression, which significantly (by 2–3 times) reduces the structural strength, especially under cyclic loads.

The design of the tank container according to EP patent No. 0869081, figures 1 and 2 is selected as the closest analogue (prototype).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to which the invention is directed is the development of a strong and durable tank container design with such a scheme for attaching the tank to the end frames, which could, due to the use of an annular bandage of the selected profile, ensure uniform transfer of loads from the tank to the end frames without causing dangerous concentrations stresses in the elements of the end frame (racks and cross members), would provide the necessary strength and rigidity of the container structure as a whole for a long time operational loads, and would also be more technological in comparison with the prototype design, i.e. It would allow to reduce the production costs of containers due to higher precision manufacturing and the use of automated methods of assembly and welding.

The technical result that can be obtained by using the invention is to increase the reliability of the tank container, reduce costs in its manufacture and to expand its operational capabilities.

To solve this problem, in a tank container containing a cylindrical tank with a longitudinal axis, two rectangular end frames, each of which has a vertical axis of symmetry and a horizontal axis passing through the point of intersection of its vertical axis of symmetry with the longitudinal axis of the tank, and consists of two racks having each of the upper and lower sections located, respectively, above and below its horizontal axis, and from the upper and lower crossbars connected to the uprights by corner fittings, and attachment points, connecting bottom bottoms of tanks with end frames, including each installed in the end frame with butt-fastening with the inner surfaces of the struts and cross members facing each other, a retaining profile ring with cutouts in the profile of the specified struts and cross-beams of the end frame, and a cylindrical supporting shell secured by one side on the bottom of the tank, the other on the retaining profile ring, according to the invention, the profile of the retaining ring in the mount is a channel formed by a base and two shelves, while the ring is turned with its base to the longitudinal axis of the tank, installed and fixed in the end frame with the coverage of the surfaces of the struts and crossbars facing the tank with one of its shelves having a nominal height, and butt with the internal surfaces of the same struts and crossbars of the other shelves with one another having cuts in the profile of the said struts and cross-beams, and the supporting shell is additionally conical and mounted on the shelf of the retaining ring having a nominal height, while the mount is additionally equipped with an element unloading of stresses arising at the junction of the retaining ring to the end frame, made in the form of shaped, hollow, closed welded ducts, located at least one in the corner zones of the end frame between its strut and / or cross-member and the retaining ring, conjugated and fastened with them by a welded joint, and in the particular case of carrying out the invention, the vertical plane section of the retaining ring fixed in the end frame has a U-shaped profile that satisfies the following relationships:

a / h≤0.75; b / h≤0.5,

where a is the minimum height of the flange of the retaining ring having cutouts;

b - the height of the mounting of the supporting shell on the shelf of the retaining ring having a nominal height;

h is the nominal height of the retaining ring shelf.

In another particular case of the invention, the retaining ring along its length between the lower portion of each of the uprights and the lower cross member is reinforced with a channel section corresponding to it, while the duct of the strain relief elements are fastened to the retaining ring through this section. In other particular cases, at least one box of the strain relief element is made wedge-shaped, facing one wedge-shaped surface to the cross member or the end of the end frame, the other to the retaining ring, located end-to-end to the junction of the retaining ring to the specified cross-member or stand, the dimensions of the box, depending on its location in the corner zone of the end frame having a width B and a height H, are selected from the following ratios:

c / B≥0.1; d / B≥0.04; e / H≥0.05; f / H≥0.03,

where c is the length of the box fastened to the upper cross member;

d is the length of the box fastened to the lower cross member;

e - the height of the box, bonded to the upper portion of the rack;

f - the height of the box, bonded to the bottom of the rack end frame.

In another particular case, at least one box of the stress-relieving element is trapezoidal, located between the rack and the cross-member of the end frame and the retaining ring with the emphasis in them of its mating faces. In two further special cases, at least one box of the strain relief element is made with internal stiffening ribs, and at least one supporting shell of the attachment unit has cutouts.

Distinctive features of the prototype features of the inventive tank container are the following features:

- the profile of the retaining profile ring in the mount, having the form of a channel formed by a base and two shelves,

- the base of the retaining ring facing the longitudinal axis of the tank,

- installation of a retaining ring in the end frame with the coverage of the surfaces of the struts and crossbars facing the tank with one of its shelves having a nominal height, and butt with the internal facing each other surfaces of the same struts and crossbars of another of its shelves having cutouts in the profile of these struts and cross members

- the implementation of the supporting shell additional conical,

- fixing it on the shelf of the retaining ring having a nominal height,

- supplying the attachment point with strain relief elements arising at the junction of the retaining ring to the end frame,

- the implementation of these elements in the form of shaped, hollow, closed welded boxes,

- the placement of these boxes, at least one in the corner zones of the end frame between its rack and / or cross and the retaining ring,

- mating and fastening boxes with elements of the end frame by a welded joint,

- the vertical section of a retaining ring fixed in the end frame of the retaining ring, having a U-shaped profile that satisfies the following relationships:

a / h≤0.75; b / h≤0.5,

where a is the minimum height of the flange of the retaining ring having cutouts,

b - the height of the mounting of the supporting shell on the shelf of the retaining ring having a nominal height,

h is the nominal height of the flange of the retaining ring,

- reinforcing the retaining ring on its length between the lower portion of each of the struts and the lower cross member of the channel section corresponding to it, and fastening the boxes of the strain relief elements with the retaining ring through the specified segment,

- the implementation of at least one box of the element of unloading stresses wedge-shaped,

- the appeal of the box with one wedge-forming surface to the cross member or to the end of the end frame, the other to the retaining ring,

- the location of the box butt to the junction of the retaining ring to the specified cross member or stand,

- the choice of the size of the box depending on its location in the corner zone of the end frame having a width of B and a height of H, from the following ratios:

s / V≥0.1; d / B≥0.04; e / H≥0.05; f / H≥0.03,

where c is the length of the box fastened to the upper cross member;

d is the length of the box fastened to the lower cross member;

e - the height of the box, bonded to the upper portion of the rack;

f - the height of the box, bonded to the bottom of the rack end frame,

- the implementation of at least one box of the element of stress unloading trapezoidal,

- the location of the trapezoidal box between the rack and the cross member of the end frame and the retaining ring with emphasis in them by its mating faces,

- the implementation of at least one duct elements of the unloading of stresses with internal stiffeners,

- the implementation of at least one supporting shell of the mount with cutouts.

These distinctive features, each individually and all together, are aimed at solving the problem and are significant.

Using the combination of these features in the prior art, analogues and prototype is not found.

A single set of new essential features with common known allows you to solve the problem.

The inventive container tank has increased reliability due to the new design of the attachment points of the tank to the end frames, which provides a strong fastening of the retaining ring with the struts and cross members of the end frame, minimizing the bending stresses in the racks and crossbars that took place in the design of the mount on the prototype.

The proposed design of the mount includes:

- use for the retaining ring is not a box-shaped profile, as in the prototype, but in the form of a channel,

- the use of the optimal layout and fastening of the retaining ring in the end frame,

- the use of means of unloading stresses arising at the junction of the retaining ring to the uprights and cross members of the end frame.

The selected profile of the retaining ring greatly facilitates the technological design of the attachment point, especially the profile rolling, and makes it possible to use automated methods of assembly and welding, which significantly reduces the cost of container production.

A bandage ring in the form of a channel, installed with the coverage of one of its shelves, which does not have cutouts, the most loaded surfaces of the uprights and cross members of the end frame, allows you to fix the supporting shell (cylindrical or conical) on it in a strictly defined place, which minimizes stress in the walls of the uprights and crossbars.

The fixing points of the supporting shell on the retaining ring are determined by calculation. Going beyond these places leads to an increase in stresses in the elements of the end frame.

The strength of the fastening of the retaining ring with the uprights and cross members of the end frame is achieved by minimizing the integrity of its profile (cutouts in only one shelf) and through the use of butt welds rather than lap welds, as in the prototype. If necessary, the retaining ring along its length between the lower section of each of the uprights and the lower cross member is reinforced with a channel section that is reciprocal to it and fastened by its flanged outward flanges end-to-end with the flanges of this section, and the box of strain relief elements are fastened to the banding ring through the specified section.

To ensure a guaranteed service life, during which stress concentration is possible at the junction points of the retaining ring to the racks and crossbars of the end frame, stress relieving means are provided in the form of shaped, hollow, closed welded ducts. It is these boxes that provide the necessary rigidity and strength of fastening of the retaining ring with the end frame during prolonged exposure to the container of the entire set of operational loads. They contribute to increasing the resistance of the container structure both to extreme operational loads (collisions during rigging, longitudinal and transverse overloads during transportation), and to the long cyclic stresses that occur during normal operation.

The shape of the boxes, their number and location are determined by calculation.

The proposed technical solution is applicable to containers with tanks of various diameters due to the possibility of using not only cylindrical, but also conical shapes in the new attachment point of the shells.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 presents a General view of the tank container with the image of the wedge-shaped ducts, which serve to reduce stresses at the junction of the retaining ring to the crossbars and vertical racks of the end frame.

Figure 2 (a, b) shows a section of the retaining ring with a vertical plane. Figure 2, a presents a variant of the invention with a conical supporting shell, figure 2, b is a variant with a cylindrical supporting shell.

Figure 3 presents a variant of the invention using trapezoidal boxes for unloading stresses.

Figure 4 shows a variant of the invention with a support shell having cutouts.

Figure 5 shows an embodiment of the invention with ducts having internal stiffeners.

Figure 6 presents a variant of the invention with a reinforced retaining ring.

The tank container (Fig. 1) contains a cylindrical tank 1 with convex bottoms 2, two rectangular end frames 3, attachment points of the tank to the end frames 3, including retaining rings 4, conical, expanding towards the end frame 3, supporting shells 5 and wedge-shaped , hollow, closed welded boxes 6. The longitudinal axis of the tank O ₁ passes through the center of the retaining ring 4.

Each rectangular end frame 3 (Fig. 1) has a vertical axis of symmetry O ₂ and contains two vertical struts 7 and two crossbars: upper 8 and lower 9. The struts 7 and crossbars 8 and 9 are interconnected at the corners by load gripping fittings 10.

The horizontal axis O _{3 of the} frame passing through the point of intersection of the axes O ₁ and O ₂ divides the posts 7 into upper 11 and lower 12 sections located, respectively, above and below the axis O _{3 of the} frame 3.

Each retaining ring 4 (FIG. 2) has a channel profile formed by a base 13, a shelf 14 having a nominal height, and a shelf 15 having cutouts in the profile of the struts 7 and the cross members 8 and 9 of the frame 3. The ring 4 is turned by the base 13 to the O axis ₁ tank installed in the frame 3 by its shelf 14 with the coverage of the surfaces 16 of the racks 7 and the cross-pieces 8 and 9 facing the tank 1, and the shelf 15 - end-to-end with the inner surfaces facing each other 17 of the same racks 7 and the cross-sections 8 and 9 .

Each supporting shell 5 (figure 2) is fixed by a side 18 of a smaller diameter on the bottom 2 of the tank 1, and by a side 19 of a larger diameter - on the shelf 14 of the retaining ring 4 at a height determined by calculation.

The vertical section of the retaining ring 4, mounted in the frame 3, has a U-shaped profile that satisfies the relations

a / h≤0.75; b / h≤0.5,

where a is the minimum height of the flange 15 of the retaining ring 4 having cutouts 16,

b is the height of the mounting of the supporting shell 5 on the shelf 14 of the retaining ring 4 having a nominal height,

h is the nominal height of the flange 14 of the retaining ring 4.

The supporting shell 5, in addition to the conical, expanding towards the frame 3 (Fig.2, a), can be conical, expanding towards the tank 1, or cylindrical (Fig.2, b). One or both of the supporting shell 5 may have cutouts 20 (figure 4).

Each box 6 has two wedge-forming surfaces 21 (Fig. 1) and two surfaces 22, the closing surfaces 21. With one surface 21, the box 6 faces the cross member 8 or 9, and the other 7 — the retaining ring 4.

Boxes 6 are placed two in each of the corner zones 23 of the frame 3 and are located end-to-end with the junction of the retaining ring 4 to the crossbars 8 or 9 or to the struts 7: one between the crossbar 8 or 9 and the retaining ring 4, the other between the strut 7 and the retaining ring 4. Depending on the specific location of the boxes 6, their sizes c, d, e and f are calculated, associated with the width B or height H of the frame 3 by the following ratios:

s / V≥0.1; d / B≥0.04; e / H≥0.05; and f / H≥0.03,

where c is the length of the box 6, fastened to the upper cross member 8;

d is the length of the box 6, fastened to the lower cross member 9;

e - the height of the box 6, bonded to the upper section 11 of the rack 7;

f - the height of the box 6, bonded to the lower section 12 of the rack 7 of the end frame 3.

A variant of the execution of the boxes 6 are trapezoidal boxes (figure 3), placed one at a time in the corner zones 23 of the frame 3 between the rack 7 and the cross members 8 or 9, on the one hand, and the retaining ring 4, on the other, with the faces 24 facing them. At least one box 6 is made with internal stiffening ribs 25 (Fig. 5).

The retaining ring 4 can be reinforced by the mating section 26 of the channel (Fig. 6) located along the length of the ring 6 between the lower section 12 of each of the struts 7 and the lower cross member 9. In this case, the box 6 is fastened to the ring 4 through the segment 26.

Special cases of the invention provide the achievement of the claimed technical result in accordance with the task.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The tank container of the claimed design is manufactured in an industrial environment using standard equipment.

Claims (7)

1. The tank container containing a cylindrical tank with a longitudinal axis, two rectangular end frames, each of which has a vertical axis of symmetry and a horizontal axis passing through the point of intersection of its vertical axis of symmetry with the longitudinal axis of the tank, and consists of two racks each the upper and lower sections located respectively above and below its horizontal axis, and from the upper and lower crossbars connected to the posts by corner fittings, and the attachment points connecting the tank bottoms to the end frames including each installed in the end frame with butt fastening with the inner surfaces of the struts and crossbars facing each other, a retaining profile ring with cutouts in the profile of the said struts and crossbars of the end frame and a cylindrical supporting shell secured with one side on the tank bottom and the other on a retaining ring profile, characterized in that the profile of the retaining ring in the attachment node has the form of a channel formed by a base and two shelves, while the retaining ring faces the longitudinal side of the base the axial axis of the tank, it is installed and fixed in the end frame with the coverage of the surfaces of the struts and crossbars facing the tank with one of its shelves having a nominal height, and end-to-end with the internal surfaces of the same struts and crossbars facing each other, its other shelf having cuts in profile the specified racks and cross members, and the supporting shell is additionally conical and mounted on the shelf of the retaining ring having a nominal height, while the mounting unit is additionally equipped with stress relieving elements that arise x at the junction of the retaining ring to the end frame, made in the form of shaped, hollow, closed welded ducts, placed at least one in the corner zones of the end frame between its strut and / or cross-member and the retaining ring, conjugated and fastened to them welded joint. 2. The tank container according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical section of the retaining ring fixed in the end frame of the retaining ring has a U-shaped profile that satisfies the following relationships: a / h≤0.75 and b / h≤0.5, where a is the minimum height of the flange of the retaining ring having cutouts; b - the height of the mounting of the supporting shell on the shelf of the retaining ring having a nominal height; h is the nominal height of the retaining ring shelf. 3. The tank container according to claim 1, characterized in that the retaining ring along its length between the lower portion of each of the uprights and the lower cross member is reinforced with a channel segment that responds to it, while the ducts of the strain relief elements are fastened to the retaining ring through the said segment. 4. The tank container according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one box of the strain relief element is wedge-shaped, facing with its one wedge-shaped surface to the upper or lower cross member or to the end of the end frame, the other to the retaining ring, located end-to-end to the junction of the retaining ring to the specified cross member or stand, and the dimensions of the box, depending on the location in the corner zone of the end frame having a width B and height H, are selected from the following ratios: s / V≥0.1; d / B≥0.04; e / H≥0.05 and f / H≥0.03, where c is the length of the box fastened to the upper cross member; d is the length of the box fastened to the lower cross member; e - the height of the box, bonded to the upper portion of the rack; f - the height of the box, bonded to the bottom of the rack end frame. 5. The tank container according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one box of the strain relief element is trapezoidal, located between the rack and the cross-member of the end frame and the retaining ring with a stop in them with its mating faces. 6. The tank container according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one box of the strain relief elements is made with internal stiffening ribs. 7. The tank container according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one support shell of the attachment site has cutouts.

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