RU14797U1 - DISK POWDER PLOW - Google Patents

Description

Disc plow

The utility model is intended for simultaneous tillage of plowing and peeling, during the main and pre-sowing cultivation for grain, industrial and fodder crops.

Known devices used in the main and pre-sowing tillage.

The main tillage includes plowing, which is carried out by plows.

Presowing treatment includes stubble peeling.

Known plow and disk plows.

Disc plows are not widely used due to low efficiency.

Plowshare plow 1 consists of: a body with a share and a blade, a skimmer with a share and a blade mounted on a rack, a knife for cutting stubble and soil of a digger.

The process of plowing consists in the fact that when the plow moves, the knife cuts the formation in the direction of movement, and the skimmer removes the upper layer of the formation and dumps it into the furrow opened by the previous plow body. In this case, the soil reaction tends to turn the plow to the left. To prevent this turn, a field board is installed on the body, abutting against the walls of the furrow.

In the plow design, a support or furrow wheel is also provided. These and other auxiliary parts complicate the construction of the plow, require additional energy consumption for their functioning, without doing any useful work.

The harrow consists of disk batteries, a frame, a prism height adjustment mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder, a bar of batteries, scrapers, ballast boxes, and support wheels. The disks are dressed on a square axis and spacers are placed between them.

The disadvantages include the presence of ballast boxes and batteries, which are poorly repairable design, made in the form of a square beam, on which all disks are strung and fixed. If one drive fails, the entire battery must be disassembled.

The technical result of the proposed solution is to increase the efficiency of the device, increase its reliability and simplify the design.

This result is achieved by the fact that plzt-tiller-disks are mounted autonomously in rows on racks pivotally mounted on parallel frame beams, with one row shifted relative to another, and equipped with a rotation mechanism to the direction of movement, made in the form of a lever rigidly connected to the rack and pivotally with traverse parallel to the beam, and a screw pair that provides longitudinal movement of the traverse, and the frame, through the mechanism of deepening the discs, the back and / or front part is supported by a drum-leveling soil, which besides the level gauge of deepening the plow-tiller, it also functionally performs the role of the rolling support of the plow-tiller, the role of the additional load and the role of the crusher of blocks. Racks of disks are made knee-shaped, which allows you to expand the strip plow at the same angle of attack on the disk. And the drum-embosser is made, for example, in the form of a squirrel wheel, the spokes of which are located along the generatrix in the form of straight and / or curved lines.

The essence of the utility model will be described in more detail below. The achievement of the technical result will be shown.

Figure 1 shows a side view of a plow-tiller. In Fig 2 is a top view. Fig. 3 shows the disc and knee-shaped stand assembly.

The plow-tiller consists of a frame 1, with parallel beams 2 (Fig. 2), on which the knee-shaped racks 3, with disks 4, are mounted with the possibility of rotation.

The rack 3 is equipped with a lever 5 (Fig. 3), which is pivotally connected to the beam 6 of the parallel beam 2. The beam 6 is provided with a screw pair 7, which provides longitudinal movement of the beam 6. The back of the frame 1, through the hinge 8, the knee-shaped lever 9, fixed by a rack with holes 10, is connected to the axis of the drum-equalizer 11. The drum-equalizer 11 is made, for example, in the form of a squirrel wheel and consists of plates that can be made in the form of a spiral, and spokes 13, which can be made in the form of straight lines and / or curved lines.

The front part of the frame is equipped with transporting eyes 14 and 15. The disk 4 (see Fig. 3) is equipped with a sub-node 16.

The plow-cultivator works as follows.

Using transporting devices 14 and 15, the height of the front part of the plow relative to the ground level is selected and mounted to the transporting device, for example, to the tractor (as shown in Appendix No. 1). The rear part of the frame is also height-adjustable using the knee-shaped lever 9 and the rack with holes 10. After that, using the screw pair 7 and the longitudinal movement of the beam 6, through the lever 5, the racks 3 with the disks 4 are rotated.

The described construction allows you to turn the discs relative to the direction of movement from O to 25 degrees. The disks 4 are inclined to a horizontal surface by an angle equal to 70 degrees, while the knee of the rack 3 to the vertical axis is located at 30 degrees. The rows of discs 4 on the beams 2 are mounted mirror-mounted, that is, they are rotated 180 degrees relative to each other. In this case, overlapping of the furrows should be ensured. After the adjustment operations, the plow-tiller is transported by arable land (see appendix .№1).

The plow-hoe is suspended on two supports. The rear part is suspended on a drum-equal gel, and the front part on the transport device. It is possible that the front part of the lush plow is also suspended on the leveling drum. When the plow-cultivator moves, the disks 4 rotate, cut the crop residues and crumble the cultivated soil layer. The mirror arrangement of disks in rows makes breakups and dumps furrows, providing intensive soil loosening, crushing and seeding of plant residues of the predecessor and weed vegetation, eliminates the need to burn vegetation, and increases the humus content in the soil.

Selecting the angle of rotation of the discs 4 to the direction of movement, achieve the highest quality processing. The denser the soil, the smaller the turning angle should be. The efficiency of the device has increased dramatically. Due to the fact that each disk is mounted on a separate and knee-shaped stand with 70 degrees to the soil, it was possible to achieve the effect of self-cleaning. There was no need to install scrapers. Simplified repair and change drives. And due to the fact that the tiller-plow does not have a common axis on which the discs were strung, the plant residues had nothing to wrap around and drive in discs. - In addition, the load on individual rolling bearings of the discs has decreased.

All this increased the reliability of the device.

The tiller-leveling drum-leveling drum grinds random blocks, levels the soil, reducing the effect of wind erosion.

If two drums equalizing the gel, in front and behind the plow, are used in the construction of the tiller-plow, the stubble grinding effect is increased, but the metal and energy consumption of the structure also increase.

In the event that a domed elevation of the soil, which has increased hardness and the weight of the plow is not enough to deepen the disks, falls under the plow-hoe, the weight of the drum-embosser is included in the work, as it takes off from the ground. Through the fixed knee-shaped ridge step 9, the weight of the equalizer drum is transferred to the frame 1 and further to the disks 4, and the disks 4 again

5

burial) burrow into the soil at a given depth. Thus, the leveling drum carries out automatic control of the depth level of the disks 4, the role of the rolling support and the role of the crusher blocks.

This further increases the efficiency of the device, while increasing its reliability and ease of maintenance.

The construction of Sh1) tiller is such that it can be made by mechanical workshops.

The proposed plow-lzshshgganik allows you to reduce the number of tillages by 3 ... 5 times by combining them in one technological operation, reduce fuel consumption for the tillage system by 30 ... 50%, perform work in the best agronomic terms and with better quality . It has high maneuverability.

Sources of information taken into account when compiling the application: 1.A.B. Lurie, F.G. Gusintsev, E.I. Davidson. Agricultural

cars. - M., Kolos, 1976, p. 11, Fig. 1 - analogue. 2. A. B. Lurie, F.G. Gusintsev, E.I. Davidson. Agricultural

cars. - M., Kolos, 1976, p. 19, Fig. 16 - prototype. OJ Authors: Abaev V.V.

/ .e., Belobritsky N.M.

TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS 3x4x4 plow-shelter plow

Disc plow-plow is necessary for traditional and pre-sowing tillage for grain, industrial and forage crops.

It has great maneuverability, reliably closes up plant and crop residues, eliminates the need for burning them, improves and increases the content of humus in the soil.

1.1. Width of the processed strip in one pass (m) 3.2

1.2. Depth of processing (cm) 6 ... 12

1.3. Processing speed (km / h) 8 ... 15

1.4. Average productivity (ha / h) 4.0

1.5. The number of working bodies in a row (pcs.) 7

1.6. The number of rows of working bodies (pcs.) 4

1.7. Number of working bodies (pcs.), Total 28

1.8.Diameter of working disks (mm) 620

1.9.Capture zone of one disc (mm) with a rotation angle of 0 degrees -105

1 .Y. Angle of rotation of a row of cutters; their nodes along the horizontal axis (degrees)

1.11. Angle of the plane of the disk to a horizontal surface

(degrees) 1.12. The distance between the working bodies in the transverse

direction (mm) -.-.

1.13.Distance between working bodies in the longitudinal

direction (mm) - „,,„

1.14. Alignment gel diameter (mm) -650

1.15. Equalizer rotation angle (degrees) -15

KmOb)

Attachment 1

from about 25

AGRICULTURAL INDICATORS ИЛДЗх4

for the Krasnodar Territory Developed by KNIISH, 1999

Place in the soil tillage system

Depth of processing, cm

Permissible humidity during tillage,

,

The length of the crushed vegetable cm (in one pass)

Weed pruning,%

Volumetric mass of soil, g / m3: - before tillage

g after tillage

Permissible steepness of slopes

Lumpiness in a layer of 0-10 cm after vol.% To B.C. mass soil (in one pass)

Soil crushing in one track Fertilizer embedment Operating speed, km / h

continuation to

application 1

For all crops on loamy and clay soils with increased hardness, a large number of crop residues and weeds 8-106-810-12

14-28

12-26 To 10 To 10 90-95 95-100

1.1-1.5

1.3-1.5 1.0-1.2 1.0-1.2

After harvesting the predecessors, days: 3-353-353-20

Up to 8

Ext

Ext

Up to 20-30

Up to 20

Up to 30

Until sowing condition

Throughout the processed layer

12-159-128-10

Photo No. 1 shows a general view of a plow-tiller

(

Continuation to

application 1

Photo No. 1 Disc plow plow PL 3x4

According to the conclusion of specialists of the Krasnodar PIISH them. P.P. Lukyanenko, laboratories of agro-assessment and laboratory of tillage machines of the Kuban NIITR1M currently proposed disk plow-cultivator is superior in agricultural parameters to all tillage units of a similar purpose.

Applicants and Authors ::

Abaev V.V. and Belobritsky Schu.

/ g .li 6

...

Claims (3)

1. Disk plow-cultivator disk containing a frame, disks, angle of attack regulator disks, characterized in that the disks are mounted independently in rows on racks pivotally mounted on parallel beams of the frame, with the displacement of one row relative to another, and equipped with a rotation mechanism to the direction of movement, made in the form of a lever rigidly connected to the stand and pivotally with a traverse parallel to the beam, and a screw pair that provides longitudinal movement of the traverse, and the frame, through the mechanism of deepening discs, the rear and / or front relies on a soil leveling drum, which functionally performs, in addition to the depth gauge for deepening the plow-cultivator, also the role of the rolling support of the plow-cultivator, the role of the additional load and the role of the crusher blocks.  2. The plow-cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the rack of the disk is made knee-shaped. 3. The plow-cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the leveling drum is made, for example, in the form of a "squirrel wheel", the spokes of which are arranged along the generatrix in the form of straight and / or curved lines.