RU142493U1 - DEVICE FOR CLEANING THE FORESTRY FROM CUTTING RESIDUES - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for cleaning the cutting site of chopping residues, including a caterpillar tractor with a roller - pick-up of chopping residues, the surface of which is equipped with sharp spikes, and a body, the rear wall of which is made inclined and has grooves for passing the roller spikes through them, characterized in that in the lower part of the body mounted chopping residues grinding unit, made in the form of a drum chipper with a lower branch pipe for chip removal, an inclined guide tray for cutting chutes, inclined and having side beveled walls forks connected to the loading chuck of the chipper, and connected to the lower branch pipe of the chip removal - a chimney for lower chip discharge on the side along the tractor, while the device is equipped with a removable side trailer with the possibility of collecting the chips ejected from the chip chipper for further removal from the cutting area without stopping the operation of the main device, and for throwing wood chips into a removable side trailer used chip removal with the possibility of upper discharge.

Description

The utility model relates to the logging industry and can be used in devices for cleaning cutting areas from logging residues.

The following cleaning methods are distinguished:

- collection of chopping residues in piles or shafts, leaving them to decay;

- grinding chopping residues into segments 0.5-1.0 m long and scattering on the territory of the cutting area with obligatory landing;

- collection of chopping residues in piles or shafts with their subsequent burning;

- laying of logging residues on the skidding drive with the subsequent application of the tractor;

- collection and removal of logging residues with subsequent use for the construction of timber roads, production of technological or fuel chips, as well as the manufacture of consumer goods.

A well-known system of machines, including a rake picker collecting chopping residues into shafts, a pickup picker collecting chopping residues from the shafts in the body and delivering them to the upper warehouse and a self-propelled chipping machine, grinding chopping residues in the upper warehouse into fuel wood chips. (St. Petersburg Scientific and Technical Society "Pulp and Paper and Woodworking Industry", Technology and machines for logging operations, 2009, p. 112; 123).

An advantage of the known technical solution is the collection and removal of logging residues with subsequent use for the construction of logging roads, production of technological or fuel chips, as well as the manufacture of consumer goods.

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is the low cost and complexity due to the need to use three machines, which leads to high labor costs, as well as to high energy consumption.

A device for cleaning a cutting area is also known, including a caterpillar tractor with a roller having rigid ribs. (St. Petersburg Scientific and Technical Society "Pulp and Paper and Woodworking Industry", Technology and machines for logging operations, 2009, p. 115).

The roller of the known device crushes chopping residues and presses them into the soil, splits wood pieces up to 18 cm thick. It should be noted that the roller has a very large weight (15 t) to perform crushing and indentation functions.

The known device has the following disadvantages:

- narrow technological capabilities due to the lack of a selection of chopping residues for their further use;

- the large mass of the roller makes the design too metal-intensive and requires the use of a heavy caterpillar tractor and high energy consumption in the device;

- due to its large mass, the device can only be used on dry soils;

- the economic feasibility of using the device on clearings with an area of at least 8 hectares.

A universal logging machine is also known, which includes a self-propelled forwarder chassis with an operator's cab, a hydraulic manipulator mounted on the back of the cab, a shield, conics, a chopping module mounted on a removable frame, outriggers, as well as a chip ejector. (RU 2330403 C2, publ. 08/10/2008).

A well-known machine alone performs the work of collecting chopping residues, crushing them and collecting wood chips in a container or wood chip truck, or in a pile for storage while waiting for loading.

Known technical solution has the following significant disadvantages:

- very expensive and complex equipment is used;

- high energy intensity of the device;

- very low productivity, since the cleaning process of the cutting area is not continuous, but in stages and requires reconfiguration of the device for this purpose, namely, to perform chopping of residual felling, the operator mounts and fixes the chopping module on a self-propelled chassis, after removing the shield and conics, attaches the driveshaft to the forwarder gearbox. The loading of chopping residues into the chopping module is carried out by a hydraulic manipulator, while the universal machine is adjusted to the heap of already harvested chopping residues. To assemble chopping residues in piles (the next step), the machine is freed from the chipper module and the shield, conics and again secured to the propeller shaft are secured.

The closest technical solution, both in design and in designation, is a device for cleaning a cutting area (RU 127578 U1, publ. 05/10/2013 - prototype). A known device includes a caterpillar tractor with a pick-up roller and a body. The known device combines two pickers, namely a rake and manipulator, is very economical because of its lightness, simplicity and low power consumption.

A device for cleaning the cutting site of chopping residues includes a caterpillar tractor with a skating rink - a pick-up of chopping residues, the surface of which is equipped with sharp spikes, and a body whose back wall is made inclined and has grooves for the rollers to pass through them.

The disadvantages of the known technical solutions are the narrow functionality of the device, since the collection and removal of logging residues is carried out with subsequent use for the construction of timber roads, production of technological or fuel chips, as well as the manufacture of consumer goods. Due to the very low coefficient of full-wood carriage of logging residues collected in the body, the tractor often has to travel to the upper warehouse to unload the body, which significantly reduces productivity and increases the cost of work due to high fuel consumption.

The technical task of the utility model is to expand the functionality of the device by providing one device with a continuous technological process for the selection of chopping residues, their complete processing by grinding and full use of the wood chips obtained by cutting in the cutting area, which eliminates the fire and phytopathological hazard, fertilizes the soil cutting areas, reducing the growing time of the next generation of forests, as well as by collecting chips in a removable side trailer and you carts of chips to the upper warehouse without stopping the operation of the main device.

In addition, the device should be simple, high-performance, economical in its use due to low cost and low energy consumption, low labor costs when using one worker to service the device.

This object is achieved in that in a device for cleaning a cutting site from cutting residues, including a caterpillar tractor with a roller - a picker of cutting residues, the surface of which is equipped with sharp spikes, and a body whose back wall is made inclined and has grooves for passing the roller spikes through - in the lower part of the body there is mounted a chopping unit for chopping residues, made in the form of a drum chipper with a lower branch pipe for chip removal, an inclined guide lot with side beveled walls k for chopping residues, connected to the loading chuck of the chipper, and connected to the lower branch pipe of the chip removal - chip removal for lower chip discharge on the side along the tractor, while the device is equipped with a removable side trailer with the possibility of collecting chips spilled from the chip removal for further removal from the territory cutting areas without stopping the operation of the main device, and for throwing chips into a removable side trailer, a chip cutter with the possibility of overhead discharge has been used.

The utility model has the following differences from the prototype:

- in the lower part of the body mounted node grinding chopping residues, made in the form of a drum chipper with a lower branch pipe chip;

- in the lower part of the body mounted inclined and having a beveled side wall guide tray for cutting residues, connected to the loading chuck of the chopper;

- in the lower part of the body is mounted connected to the lower branch pipe of the chip removal - chip removal for the lower discharge of chips on the side along the tractor;

- the device is equipped with a removable side trailer with the possibility of collecting chips thrown out of the chip removal for further removal from the territory of the cutting area without stopping the operation of the main device; moreover, a chip removal device with the possibility of overhead discharge has been used to eject chips into the removable side trailer.

This will expand the functionality of the device by providing one device for a continuous technological process for the selection of chopping residues, their complete processing by grinding and full use of the obtained chips in the cutting area by scattering it across the cutting area, which eliminates the fire and phytopathological danger, fertilizes the cutting area soil, reducing the growing time of the next generation of forest, as well as by collecting wood chips in a removable side trailer and removing wood chips to the top treasure without stopping the main unit.

In addition, the device has a simple, reliable design, high performance, economical in its use due to low cost and low energy consumption, low labor costs when using one worker to service the device.

In the patent information fund we reviewed, no similar technical solutions, as well as technical solutions with the claimed combination of features, were found.

The device is applicable and will be used in the industry in 2014.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a device for cleaning a cutting area (tractor without a removable side trailer);

In FIG. 2 - the same, view along arrow A;

In FIG. 3 - body, top view;

In FIG. 4 - shows a skating rink;

In FIG. 5 - shows a diagram of a device for cleaning a cutting area (tractor with a removable side trailer for wood chips).

Figure 6 is the same, view along arrow B

Figure 7 shows a diagram of a drum-type chopper with a lower chip discharge.

A device for cleaning the cutting site of logging residues includes a caterpillar tractor 1 with a pick-up roller 2, while the working surface 3 of the roller 2 is equipped with sharp spikes 4 (approximately 10 cm high), and the tractor 1 is equipped with a body 5 with an inclined rear wall 6, on the upper edge 7 of which curly slots 8 are made for passing through them the spikes 4 of the roller 2. The roller 2 is attached to the tractor 1 with brackets 9.

In the lower part of the body 5, a chopping residue grinding unit is mounted, made in the form of a drum chipper 10 with a lower branch pipe 11 for chip removal 12, inclined and having side beveled walls 13, a guiding tray 14 for chopping residues connected to the loading cartridge 15 of the chopping machine 10, and connected to the lower pipe 11 for removal of chips 12 - chip 16 for lower discharge chips 12 on the side along the tractor 1.

The device is equipped with a removable side trailer 17 with the possibility of collecting the chips 12 thrown out of the chip removal unit for its further removal from the cutting area without stopping the operation of the main device, and the chip removal 18 with the possibility of overhead discharge was used to throw the chips 12 into the removable side trailer 17.

The pulley 19 of the chopping machine 10 is driven into rotation through the gearbox 20 and the transmission shaft 21 from the tractor power take-off shaft. The perishing machine 10 comprises a drum 22, knives 23, a loading chuck 15, a counterknife 24, foot basins 25 and a lower branch pipe 11 of the chip removal 12.

A device for cleaning a cutting site from logging residues works as follows.

When the tracked tractor 1 moves, the roller 2 rotates, while the cutting residues, due to the light weight of the roller 2, are not pressed into the soil, but are somewhat crushed and therefore easily prick onto the spikes 4 and when passing the spikes 4 of the roller 2 through the slots 8 will be removed from spikes 4 and slide due to gravitational forces along the inclined guide tray 14 and at the same time orienting thanks to its beveled side walls 13 to get through the loading chuck 15 into the drum 22 of the chipper 10, where it gets into the foot basins 2 4 are chopped with knives 22 and 23.

The resulting chips 12 are thrown out through the lower branch pipe 11 of the chip removal and then through the chip removal 16 of the lower chip discharge on the side along the tractor 1, while due to the movement of the tractor 1, the chip 12 is evenly scattered along the cutting area along the side of the tractor 1.

Chip 12 can, if necessary, pass through a chimney 18 with the possibility of upper discharge into a removable side trailer 17 after filling which it will be transported from the cutting area to the upper warehouse without stopping the main device for cleaning the cutting area from cutting residues.

Thus, the utility model allows you to expand the functionality of the device by providing one device for a continuous technological process for the selection of chopping residues, their complete processing by grinding and full use in the conditions of the cutting area of the obtained wood chips by scattering it throughout the cutting area, which eliminates the fire and phytopathological hazard, fertilize the soil of the cutting area, reducing the growing time of the next generation of the forest, as well as by collecting wood chips in a removable side sight and removal of chip on the upper landing without stopping the main unit.

In addition, the device has a simple, reliable design, high performance, economical in its use due to low cost and low energy consumption, low labor costs when using one worker to service the device.

Claims (1)

A device for cleaning the cutting site of chopping residues, including a caterpillar tractor with a roller - pick-up of chopping residues, the surface of which is equipped with sharp spikes, and a body, the rear wall of which is made inclined and has grooves for passing the roller spikes through them, characterized in that in the lower part of the body mounted chopping residues grinding unit, made in the form of a drum chipper with a lower branch pipe for chip removal, an inclined guide tray for cutting chutes, inclined and having side beveled walls forks connected to the loading chuck of the chipper, and connected to the lower branch pipe of the chip removal - a chimney for lower chip discharge on the side along the tractor, while the device is equipped with a removable side trailer with the possibility of collecting the chips ejected from the chip chipper for further removal from the cutting area without stopping the operation of the main device, and for throwing wood chips into a removable side trailer used chip removal with the possibility of upper discharge.

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