RU135631U1 - VAPOR CAPTURE SYSTEM AND TRANSFER PREVENTION SYSTEM FOR VERTICAL STEEL RESERVOIRS OF LONG-TERM STORAGE OF OIL PRODUCTS - Google Patents

Abstract

A vapor recovery and overflow prevention system for vertical steel tanks for long-term storage of petroleum products, comprising a steam supply system for venting vapor, a cooler pipe, a tank with low octane oil product, an overflow prevention device, characterized in that a special contact plate is installed inside the steam line above the breathing valve, connected a communication line with the relay, which, when in contact with the breathing valve plate using the relay for a certain period of time and includes a motor for rotating the shaft with the centrifugal wheel, wherein the shaft is submerged in a tank with low-octane petroleum product.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for receiving, storing and dispensing petroleum products and can be used in the petrochemical and other oil product supply industries.

The utility model is most applicable when receiving, storing and dispensing oil products at oil depots equipped with ground-based vertical steel tanks (RVS) for long-term storage. Shelf life of gasoline in ground tanks without loss of quality can be from 3 to 5 years, depending on the climate zone and tank capacity [1].

Air basin pollution at oil depots and terminals occurs when oil vapor is released during “large” and “small” tank breathing, improper installation of breathing equipment, and other reasons. Losses from "big" breaths are due to the displacement of the vapor-air mixture from the reservoir when taking the oil product. In this case, the volume of gas space is reduced, which causes the breathing valve to operate. Losses from "small" breaths are caused by daily fluctuations in temperature and partial pressure of fuel vapor (mainly gasoline) in the gas space of the tank.

The temperature of petroleum products stored in ground tanks depends on the ambient temperature. In the summer, oil products in ground-based RCS are heated to 30 degrees Celsius or more. The gas boiling point is 35 degrees Celsius [1]. At this temperature, low-boiling gasoline fractions turn into steam and escape into the environment through a breathing valve.

Characteristic features in the operation of oil depots with long-term storage tanks are the long periods of storage of fuel in tanks, the periodic delivery of oil products to railway and automobile tanks, as well as the receipt of fuel from railway tanks and pipeline transport. This means significant losses from evaporation as a result of "small" breaths, as well as periodic losses from "large" breaths. Hydrocarbon emissions into the atmosphere during the evaporation of petroleum products from reservoirs are very large. This not only leads to fuel losses and air pollution, but also negatively affects public health.

Pollution of the lithosphere and hydrosphere occurs as a result of leaks of oil products from reservoirs and pipelines, overflow of PBC, spills from hoses, tankers and other reasons [2].

Combating the loss of fuel from evaporation, overflow and leakage is becoming an important environmental and economic challenge.

A device is known for preventing overflow of oil products when filling ground horizontal steel tanks [3].

In this device, the following equipment is additionally installed on a horizontal steel tank (RGS) equipped with a fuel reception and delivery line, a breathing valve, and a metering hatch: a portable level indicator, an electromagnetic valve, a fire fuse, 12 and 220 volt communication lines, and a relay.

The device operates as follows. The operator turns on the relay and current flows to the coil of the solenoid valve coil. The core with the control shutter moves upward, compressing the spring. The fuel from the car tank through the pipeline for receiving and dispensing fuel and the corresponding valve enters the tank. In this case, the fuel level begins to increase and raises the movable plate of the portable level switch, which reaches the level of the contact plate and closes it. A current of 12 volts via the communication line enters the relay and turns it off. After removing the voltage, the current ceases to flow to the coil of the coil. The core under the action of the spring force moves down and closes the hole in the pipeline with a control valve. This stops the flow of oil into the tank.

The disadvantages of this device are:

1. Lack of design to prevent fuel leakage from the bottom of the tank.

2. The inability to disable the stationary pump.

3. Low efficiency of vapor recovery of petroleum products.

4. The lack of a device that ensures the discharge of oil from the tank when reaching the maximum level.

Also known is a ground-based vertical tank with a double bottom equipped with a vapor recovery unit [4].

In this device, the ground-based RVS is equipped with a double bottom with stiffening baffles, and the tank’s breathing valve is equipped with a pipeline with a valve for the removal of oil vapors during “small” and “large” breathing, which is connected to an additional buried horizontal steel tank R-5. At the same time, the pipeline underground is located in a larger-diameter refrigeration pipe, equipped with valves and filled with water (coolant in winter). The R-5 tank is filled with low-octane oil product, equipped with an absorbent filter with activated carbon and a receiver of oil product vapors. Diesel fuel or kerosene is used as a low-octane oil product.

The design works as follows. The oil enters the reservoir through the intake pipe. In this case, the fuel level begins to increase, and accordingly the volume of the steam space decreases. In order to catch the vapors during “big” breaths, the breathing valve opens, the non-return valve and through a pipe connected to an additional reservoir equipped with a receiving device, the vapors enter the reservoir with low-octane oil. At the same time, part of the gaseous hydrocarbons is absorbed by the low-octane oil product. The insoluble part of the gaseous hydrocarbons at the outlet of the tank is captured by the filter-absorber.

With "small" breaths associated with temperature changes, with increasing pressure, the breathing valve also opens and oil vapor through the pipe through a receiving device with partitions, enters the reservoir with low-octane oil. At the same time, most of the vapor is converted into liquid due to cooling in the underground section of the pipeline located in the refrigerator’s pipeline.

In the event of a fuel leak through the bottom of the tank, the oil will remain in the tank due to the second bottom.

The disadvantages of this tank when receiving, storing and issuing petroleum products are:

1. The absence of a device that prevents overflow of oil from the tank, as well as a device that provides drainage of oil from the tank when it reaches the maximum level.

2. Low efficiency of vapor recovery of petroleum products.

3. The lack of automatic devices that turn off the pump for the supply of petroleum products, closing the inlet pipe, as well as increasing the efficiency of absorption of vapor of petroleum products.

Also known is a vertical vertical tank with a double bottom, equipped with a vapor recovery unit for oil products with a cooling mixture [5].

In this device, a steam line with shutoff valves is installed on the tank’s breathing valve body, connected to a buried tank, which is equipped with a receiving device for fuel vapor and a filter with an absorber, while the steam pipe under the ground passes a cooling system including a coil-type heat exchanger, a pipeline with valves, a pump and capacity with a cooling mixture.

It should be noted that the cooling mixture reduces the temperature in the heat exchanger by 7-9 degrees Celsius below the temperature of the earth's surface.

The device operates as follows. The oil enters the reservoir through the intake pipe. In order to catch the vapors during “big” breaths, the breathing valve opens, and through the steam line connected to an additional tank equipped with a receiving device, the vapors enter the heat exchanger with the pumped-in cooling mixture, which is supplied from the tank through the pipeline of the cooling system using a pump. In this case, the main part of gaseous hydrocarbons as a result of cooling in the heat exchanger becomes liquid, and vapors that have not passed into the liquid are stratified by two partitions with holes of various diameters and absorbed by the low-octane oil product. The insoluble part of the gaseous hydrocarbons at the outlet of the tank is captured by the filter-absorber.

With "small" breaths, the breathing valve also opens, and the vapor of oil products through the steam line through the receiving device enters the reservoir with the low-octane component. The pump of the cooling system for these breaths, it is advisable to turn on at temperatures above 30 degrees Celsius.

In the event of a fuel leak through the bottom of the tank, the oil will remain in the tank due to the second bottom.

The disadvantages of this tank are:

1. The lack of a device that prevents overflow of oil from the tank.

2. Low efficiency of trapping vapors of oil products with "small" breaths.

3. High consumption of the cooling mixture and electricity.

4. The absence of automatic devices that turn off the pump for the supply of petroleum products, closing the inlet pipe, as well as increasing the efficiency of absorption of vapor of petroleum products.

Closest to the indicated problem is a double-bottom tank equipped with a device for preventing overflows and an installation for trapping oil vapor [6].

In this design, the vertical steel tank is equipped with a pipeline for receiving and dispensing petroleum products, valves, light and metering hatches, a ventilation pipe, breathing valves, a manhole, an additional steam line that is connected to a recessed horizontal steel tank equipped with an activated charcoal filter-absorber and a device for receiving vapors of petroleum products. At the same time, the buried tank is half filled with low-octane oil. An additional pipeline for receiving vapors is equipped with an underground pipeline - a refrigerator filled with water (coolant) and equipped with filling and drain valves.

RVS is also equipped with a double bottom with stiffeners and a device for checking the level of gas contamination with oil products. It should be noted that the vertical tank is additionally equipped with a device for preventing overflow of oil products, connected by communication lines with a relay, a pump and a solenoid valve, and a pipeline for preventing overflow of oil products when the maximum level is reached, which is connected with a steam line for trapping oil vapor.

The device operates as follows. The oil enters the reservoir through the intake pipe. In this case, the fuel level begins to increase, and accordingly the volume of the steam space decreases. In order to catch the vapors during “big” breaths, the breathing valve opens, the non-return valve and through the steam line connected to an additional tank equipped with a receiving device, the vapors enter the buried tank with low-octane oil product. At the same time, part of the gas-different hydrocarbons as a result of the fragmentation of the bubbles by two partitions with holes of different diameters is absorbed by the low-octane oil product. The insoluble part of the gaseous hydrocarbons at the outlet of the tank is captured by the filter-absorber.

With increasing temperature of the oil product, the vapor pressure in the tank begins to increase. In order to catch the vapors during “small” breaths, the breathing valve opens, the non-return valve and through the steam line connected to an additional tank equipped with a receiving device, the vapors enter the reservoir with low-octane oil product. At the same time, most of the vapors are converted into liquid due to cooling in the underground section of the pipeline located in the refrigerator pipeline. The remaining part of the vapor is converted into a liquid and dissolved in a low-octane oil product, which has a temperature below the temperature of the steam in the RVS.

In the event of a fuel leak through the bottom of the tank, the oil will remain in the tank due to the second bottom. The control of gas contamination of the space between the bottoms is carried out using a device equipped with a valve.

When the fuel level reaches the movable plate, it begins to rise and connects to the contact plate. A current of 12 volts through the communication line enters the relay and turns it off and the pump. After removing the voltage, the current through the communication line ceases to flow to the coil of the electromagnetic valve coil, which closes the hole in the pipeline for receiving and dispensing fuel with a control valve.

In the event of a malfunction or absence of an overflow prevention system, the oil product opens a non-return valve under pressure and through the pipeline, then through the steam pipe enters the buried RGS.

The disadvantages of this tank when receiving, storing and issuing petroleum products are:

1. The lack of efficiency of vapor recovery of petroleum products.

2. The absence of an automatic device that increases the absorption of fuel vapor by low-octane oil product with "small" breaths.

The proposed utility model allows us to solve the problem of increasing the efficiency of trapping vapors of oil products stored in ground vertical steel tanks with "small" breaths.

A solution to this problem is achieved by installing a special contact plate on the double-bottom tank equipped with a device for preventing overflows and the installation of oil product vapor recovery inside the steam line above the breathing valve, which is connected by a relay line to the relay in contact with the breathing valve plate for a certain period of time it includes an electric motor for rotating the shaft with centrifugal wheels, while the shaft is in a buried tank with a low ANOVA petroleum product.

These signs are essential for solving the utility model problem, since the efficiency of oil product vapor capture in above-ground reservoirs increases during small breaths, the industrial and fire safety of the tank farm operation is increased, and the electric energy consumption is reduced.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings (FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3), which depict: sections of a vertical steel tank, a breathing valve with a steam line and a contact plate, as well as an additional recessed tank with a receiving device, a shaft and centrifugal wheels.

In this utility model, a vertical steel tank 1 has a receiving and distributing nozzle 2, a pipeline for receiving and dispensing oil products 3, a valve 4, a light and metering hatches 5.6, a ventilation pipe 7, a pressure breathing valve 8, a manhole 9, operating pressure breathing valve 10, steam line 11 with non-return valve 12 and valve 13, horizontal recessed steel tank 14, equipped with breathing valve 10, activated charcoal filter-absorber 15 and device for receiving oil vapor 16 with two partition walls 17,18 for crushing vapor bubbles. The recessed tank is half filled with low-octane oil product 19.

 Moreover, the steam line for receiving vapors is equipped with an underground pipe 20 - a refrigerator 21 filled with water (coolant) and equipped with filling and drain valves 22,23.

RVS is also equipped with a double bottom 24 with stiffeners 25 and a device 26 with a valve 27 for checking the level of gas contamination by oil products. The vertical steel tank is equipped with a device for preventing overflow of oil products 28, which includes a movable and contact plate 29,30. The device is connected by communication lines 31 to relay 32, pump 33 and solenoid valve 34. In this case, the PBC is equipped with a pipeline to prevent overflow of oil products when reaching a maximum level of 35 with a non-return valve 12 and a gate valve 13. Also, the pipeline 35 is connected to the steam line 11, which is connected to a recessed reservoir 14.

Additionally, a special contact plate 36 is installed on the steam line 11 above the breathing valve 10, which is connected to the relay 32 by a 12 volt 31 communication line. The plate 36 has openings for the passage of steam. The relay is also a communication line 31, connected to the electric motor 37. One of the functions of the relay is to temporarily turn on the electric motor. The electric motor with the help of the coupling 38 is connected to the shaft 39 on which the centrifugal wheels 40 are mounted. The shaft 39 is mounted on the bearing bearings 41 and hermetically fixed in the openings of the tank 42 using the seals 43. When lifting the plate 44 of the breathing valve 10 and touching its contact plate 36, the inclusion relay 32. It should be noted that the shaft 39 with centrifugal wheels 40 turns on the relay 32 for a certain time - equal to the time of absorption of fuel vapor by a low-octane oil product. This time can be from 3 to 5 minutes.

The utility model works as follows. Through the intake pipe 3, the oil enters the tank 1. In this case, the fuel level 45 begins to increase, and accordingly the volume of the steam space 46 decreases. Over time, the fuel level and the volume of the vapor space stabilize. When the temperature of the fuel increases, the pressure in the vapor space increases and reaches the response pressure of the breathing valve 10. In order to catch the vapors during "small" breaths, the breathing valve 10, the non-return valve 12 and through the steam line 11 connected to an additional tank 14 equipped with a receiving device 16 open enter the reservoir with low-octane oil 19. In this case, the plate 44 of the breathing valve 10 closes the contact plate 36 and through the communication line 31, the relay 32 turns on the motor 37 ory begins to rotate the shaft 39 of the impeller 40 for a predetermined amount of time. A low-octane oil product having a temperature lower than the vapor temperature is sprayed by centrifugal wheels over the entire volume of the buried tank. A part of the gaseous hydrocarbons is converted to liquid by cooling in the underground section of the steam pipe 11 located in the pipeline of the refrigerator 21, a significant amount of vapor is absorbed by the low-octane oil product. The insoluble part of the gaseous hydrocarbons at the outlet of the tank 14 through the breathing valve 10 is captured by the filter-absorber 15.

With "big" breaths that occur in long-term storage tanks once every several years, before loading fuel, the operator disconnects the communication line 31 from the contact plate 36 and manually turns on the electric motor 37, which drives the shaft 39 with the centrifugal wheels 40. In order to catch vapor with "big" breaths opens the breathing valve 10, the non-return valve 12 and through the steam pipe 11 connected to an additional tank 14, equipped with a receiving device 16, the pairs enter the tank with low-octane oil uktom 19. At the same time, a significant amount of vapor absorbed by the low-octane nave-products is envisaged. The insoluble part of the gaseous hydrocarbons at the outlet of the tank is captured by the filter-absorber 15.

In the event of a fuel leak through the bottom of the tank, the oil product will remain in the tank due to the second bottom 24. The gas contamination of the space between the bottoms is monitored using a device 26 equipped with a valve 27.

When the level of the fuel movable plate 29 reaches, it begins to rise and connects to the contact plate 30. A current of 12 volts via communication line 31 enters the relay 32 and turns it off and pump 33. After removing the voltage, the current through communication line 31 ceases to flow to the coil winding the electromagnetic valve 34, which closes the hole in the pipe receiving and issuing fuel 3 control valve.

In the event of a malfunction or lack of a fuel overflow prevention system, the oil product opens a check valve 12 under pressure and through line 35, the steam line 11 enters a buried tank 14.

Using the proposed utility model can reduce the environmental, industrial and fire hazard of the tank farm, reduce energy consumption, and significantly increase the efficiency of trapping vapors of oil products with "small" breaths.

Literature:

1. Safonov A.S. and other automotive fuels. Chemotology. Operational properties. Range. SPb .: NPIKTS, 2002.

2. Kovalenko V.G. Ecological safety in oil products supply systems and automobile transport. M .: LitNefteGaz, 2004.

3. Matveev Yu.A., Martsev Yu.P. etc. A device for preventing oil product overflows when filling ground horizontal steel tanks. Utility Model Patent No. 88142 of October 27, 2009. M .: VNIIGPE.

4. Matveev Yu.A., Anoprienko S.M. A vertical bottom tank with a double bottom equipped with a vapor recovery unit. Patent No. 101023 dated January 10, 2011. M.: VNIIGPE.

5. Matveev Yu.A. and others. The vertical ground tank with a double bottom, equipped with a unit for collecting oil vapor with a cooling mixture. Patent No. 116478 dated 05/27/2012. M .: VNIIGPE.

6. Matveev Yu.A. and others. The tank with a double bottom, equipped with a device to prevent overflows and installation of vapor recovery of petroleum products. Patent No. 108027 dated 09/10/2011. M .: VNIIGPE.

Claims (1)

A vapor recovery and overflow prevention system for vertical steel tanks for long-term storage of petroleum products, comprising a steam supply system for venting vapor, a cooler pipe, a tank with low octane oil product, an overflow prevention device, characterized in that a special contact plate is installed inside the steam line above the breathing valve, connected a communication line with the relay, which, when in contact with the breathing valve plate using the relay, for a certain period of time and includes a motor for rotating the shaft with the centrifugal wheel, wherein the shaft is submerged in a tank with low-octane petroleum product.

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