RU133832U1 - CARBON BURNING FURNACE - Google Patents

Abstract

A charcoal kiln containing a horizontally located body, equipped with loading and unloading hatches, a firebox is located in the lower part of the body, connected to the chimney, characterized in that a partition is installed in the body, which is adjacent to two chambers formed by it, one of which is intended for combustion raw materials, and the second is intended for drying raw materials, the inner part of each chamber is equipped with a gas duct, while the lower part of the gas duct of the combustion chamber is brought into the front part of the furnace, and the lower part of the gas duct of the drying chamber for raw materials is brought into the rear part of the furnace, the latter is equipped with a second chimney.

Description

The utility model relates to the forest industry and is intended for the pyrolysis of wood waste, wood and can be used for the production of charcoal.

A device for producing charcoal is known, including a pyrolysis chamber in which one or more retorts are horizontally located and a furnace below it, and the retorts are provided with openings on their lateral surfaces for venting gas, which are led directly into the furnace and are closed by housings housed inside the retorts having holes on their side surfaces, while the pyrolysis chamber is equipped with covers located opposite the ends of the retorts (patent for utility model of the Russian Federation No. 34240, publ. 11/27/2003).

The known device requires considerable labor for its maintenance and repair.

The closest technical solution chosen by the applicant as a prototype is a UVP-5B charcoal incinerator containing a housing with a supporting part, made in the form of a tank with hatches and located horizontally, which is equipped with a furnace in the lower part, a chimney is installed in the housing (I.N Koverninsky et al. “Integrated chemical processing of wood.” Arkhangelsk. Publishing House of the Arkhangelsk State Technical University, 2006. p.204, see Appendix to the application).

The disadvantage of this design is that it is designed to conduct a periodic process of burning pre-dried wood raw materials to produce charcoal, i.e. preliminary drying is carried out outside the charcoal kiln. Moreover, by burning pyrolysis gases in the furnace, a high temperature is achieved, which leads to the burning of the walls of the furnace.

The technical task of the claimed utility model is to expand the technological capabilities of the charcoal kiln by providing the possibility of carrying out preliminary drying of wood raw materials in it.

The technical problem is achieved by the fact that the charcoal kiln contains a horizontally located housing, which is equipped with loading and unloading hatches, a furnace connected to the chimney is placed in the lower part of the housing, moreover, a partition is installed in the housing that is adjacent to two chambers formed by it it is intended for burning raw materials, and the second for drying raw materials, the inner part of each chamber is provided with a gas duct, while the lower part of the gas duct of the raw material combustion chamber is led into the front of the furnace and the lower part of the flue of the drying chamber of the raw material is brought into the rear of the furnace, the latter is equipped with a second chimney.

Comparison of the claimed utility model with the prototype shows that it differs in the following features:

- a partition is installed in the housing;

- the partition is adjacent to the two chambers of combustion of raw materials and drying of raw materials formed by it;

- a gas duct is installed in the inner space of each chamber;

- the lower part of the flue of the chamber for burning raw materials is brought into the front of the furnace;

- the lower part of the flue of the drying chamber of the raw material is introduced into the rear of the furnace;

- the furnace is equipped with a second chimney.

Therefore, we can conclude that the claimed utility model meets the criterion of "novelty."

The utility model can be manufactured on standard equipment using well-known technological processes, therefore it meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The figure schematically depicts the inventive device.

The coal burning furnace includes a housing 1, which is made in the form of a container located horizontally. The housing 1 is divided by a partition 11 into two chambers, while the chamber 13 is designed to burn raw materials, and the chamber 14 is designed to dry the raw materials. The partition 11 is mounted on a sand castle 12. The housing 1 is equipped with hatches 5 for unloading coal and dried raw materials. The housing 1 is equipped with loading hatches 6 for dry and wet raw materials, which are placed in the upper part of the housing 1 and connected to it by a sand shutter 9. In the lower part of the housing 1 along its length there is a furnace 2 with doors 4. The furnace is equipped with a chimney 3 and a second smoke pipe 10, which are in communication with the furnace 2. The furnace 2 along the perimeter of the connection to the housing 1 is installed on the sand valve 17. In the furnace 2, namely in its front part, the lower part 8 of the duct 7 is introduced, and the upper part of the duct 7 is located in the inner space chamber 13 of the combustion of raw materials. In the chamber 14 for drying the raw materials, a second gas duct 15 is installed, the lower part 16 of which is introduced into the rear of the furnace 2.

A feature of the operation of this furnace design is that both chambers 13 and 14 work simultaneously from one furnace 2, charcoal is produced in chamber 13, and raw materials intended for charcoal are dried in chamber 14.

Pyrolysis gases generated in the chamber 13 for burning raw materials enter through the upper part 7 of the gas duct and then through the lower part 8 of the gas duct enter the furnace 2, where they are completely burned, while race 2 produces flue gases that are discharged through the chimney 3 environment. The moist air generated in the chamber 14 during drying of the feedstock - wood, enters through the second gas duct 15, through its lower part 16 into the furnace 2, which reduces the temperature in the furnace and protects it from temperature overheating and burning of the furnace walls.

The finished coal from the chamber 13 through the hatch 5 is discharged from the furnace, and the dried raw materials from the chamber 14 are loaded into the chamber 13 through the hatch 6 to obtain a new batch of charcoal.

Thus, the claimed utility model allows for simultaneous drying of raw materials and their combustion to produce charcoal, i.e. expand the technological capabilities of the furnace. In addition, the drying process of raw materials with the direction of the moist air flow into the furnace allows to reduce the temperature in the furnace, ensuring the rational use of the generated energy and preventing the furnace from overheating.

Claims (1)

A charcoal furnace containing a horizontally located body equipped with loading and unloading hatches, a furnace connected to the chimney is located in the lower part of the body, characterized in that a partition is installed in the body, which is adjacent to two chambers formed by it, one of which is intended for burning of raw materials, and the second is intended for drying of raw materials, the inner part of each chamber is equipped with a gas duct, while the lower part of the duct of the combustion chamber of raw materials is brought into the front of the furnace, and the lower hour The flue of the drying chamber of the raw material is brought into the rear of the furnace, the latter is equipped with a second chimney.

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