RU133086U1 - TOWABLE DEVICE FOR VARIABLE LENGTH OF TWO-AXLE TRAILER - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A towing device of variable length of a biaxial trailer, comprising a telescopic traction arm consisting of front parts connected to a tractor and a rear swivel wheel trolley frame, characterized in that the front part of the telescopic traction arm is connected via a connecting rod to a slewing rotary platform by swivel mounted offset from the vertical axis of rotation of the said slewing platform relative to the frame of the swivel wheel trolley. 2. The towing device of a variable length of a biaxial trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that the towing device of a variable length of a biaxial trailer works according to the principle of a crank mechanism, the links of which are a rotary platform, a connecting rod and the front of the telescopic arm.

Description

The utility model relates to transport, in particular to towing devices of biaxial trailers.

An analogue in technical essence and the achieved result is a two-link vehicle of variable length according to the patent of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 101992 class. B62D 53/00, 2011 containing a tractor and a semitrailer connected to the tractor frame via brackets and a swing platform movable relative to the frame, in the longitudinal direction and connected to the tractor frame by means of a tie rod, the front end of which is pivotally connected to this frame and the rear with a rotary platform using a hinge, the vertical axis of which is offset relative to the axis of rotation of the rotary platform back along the tractor.

The disadvantage of such a vehicle is that when turning the vehicle, the turntable with the semitrailer body resting on it is shifted back along the tractor frame, as a result of which the axle load on the tractor changes, which can adversely affect the dynamics of the road train.

Closest to the proposed towing device of variable length of a biaxial trailer is a towbar for towing a towing machine according to the patent of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 104518 class. B60D 1/00, 2011 containing a telescopic traction arm, consisting of front and rear links connected to the tractor. In this case, the rear link is connected to the tractor through a rod, the hinge of which to the tractor is offset relative to the hinge of the front link forward along the tractor for a certain distance, and the rear link is connected to the link by a swivel.

A drawback of such a towbar for towing a towed vehicle is that to ensure its operability, a special two-point towbar mounted on a tractor is required, which reduces reliability.

The objective of the utility model is to reduce the length of the tractor train during straight-ahead movement, increase its maneuverability by increasing the drawbar length at significant folding angles.

The problem is solved by using in the kinematic diagram of the towing device of the crank and telescopic mechanisms providing a change in the length of the traction arm in turns.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a tractor with a biaxial trailer - side view, figure 2 is the same, top view: figure 3 is the same when driving in a bend, figure 4 is a kinematic diagram of a towing device of variable length.

The scheme of the towing device of the variable length of the biaxial trailer contains a telescopic traction arm, consisting of a front part 1 pivotally connected to a tractor 2 and a rear part 3 connected to a frame 4 of a rotary wheeled trolley. In this case, the front part 1 is connected via a rod-connecting rod 5 to the support-rotary platform 6 by means of a hinge 7 displaced back from the vertical axis of rotation of the said rotary platform 6 relative to the trailer body 8.

The towing device of variable length biaxial trailer works as follows.

When driving in a straight traction telescopic arm has a minimum overall length, the towed biaxial trailer is maximally displaced to the tractor. In this case, the longitudinal axis of the telescopic traction arm consisting of the front 1 and rear 3 parts and the longitudinal axis of the connecting rod 5 are in the same vertical longitudinal plane passing through the middle of the axles of the tractor wheels and the towed biaxial trailer.

When the tractor moves with a biaxial trailer on a turn (Fig. 3), the vertical axis of the articulation of the connecting rod rod 5 to the slewing platform 6 moves along the arc to the center of rotation and forward along the tractor, while the front part 1 of the telescopic traction lever extends relative to the rear part 3 forward along the tractor increasing the drawbar length by an amount E in proportion to the folding angle between the traction arm and the trailer body 8. As a result of this, the distance between the trailer body 8 and the tractor 2 is increased, which ensures the folding of the tractor train without cornering without contacting these parts.

When the vehicle returns to a straight section of the track, the front part 1 of the telescopic traction arm moves back relative to its rear part 3, reducing the length of the traction arm and the overall overall length of the transport train - figure 2.

The towing device of the variable length of the biaxial trailer works on the principle of a crank mechanism.

The dependence of the E extension of the drawbar on the folding angle between the longitudinal axis of the swivel wheel trolley and the longitudinal axis of the trailer platform can be determined as follows, in particular by the sine theorem (the sides of the triangle are proportional to the sines of the opposite angles), see Fig. 4.

The triangle has three sides a, b and c:

and - the distance from the axis of rotation of the turntable to the vertical axis of the hinged mounting of the connecting rod 5 to the turntable 6.

b - the length of the rod-connecting rod 5 (the distance between the hinged fastenings of its ends).

c is the distance from the axis of the hinged connection of the connecting rod to the front part 1 of the telescopic traction arm to the axis of rotation of the support-rotary platform relative to the rotary wheel carriage.

B is the angle between sides c and a.

And - the angle between the connecting rod rod 5 and the longitudinal axis of the swivel wheel trolley.

C is the angle between the rod-connecting rod 5 and the line connecting the axis of rotation of the turntable and the vertical axis of the hinged connection of the rod-connecting rod to the support-rotary platform.

An example of a theoretical solution:

sin (A) = a sin (B) / b

A = arcsin (a sin (B) / b)

C = 180- (A + B)

Then the side c = b · sin (C) / sin (B)

And if everything is substituted, it will turn out:

c = b sin (180- (arcsin (a sin (B) / b) + B)) / sin (B)

It turns out the dependence of the distance C from the axis of articulation of the connecting rod rod 5 to the front part 1 of the telescopic traction arm to the axis of rotation of the support - rotary platform relative to the rotary wheel carriage from angle B

We substitute any two values of the angle B, and consider the difference between them to determine the value of E.

We point out that if a> b and a · sin (B) <b <a, then two solutions are possible (note that this is not our case, since the length of the connecting rod 5 cannot be less than the stroke of the device).

An example of a numerical determination of the dependence of the value of E on the folding angle between the tractor and the semi-trailer (see Table 1, if a = 1 and b = 3).

This dependence is presented in graphical form in Figure 5.

This embodiment of the drawbar of the trailer will reduce the overall length of the transport unit in a rectilinear motion, as well as increase its maneuverability during cornering by increasing the length of the drawbar with significant folding angles.

Table 1 Angle Drawbar extension E 90 1,171573 0 0 95 1,257386 5 0,005072 one hundred 1,339896 10 0,020222 105 1.418575 fifteen 0,04526 110 1.492989 twenty 0,079867 115 1,562792 25 0.123609 120 1.627719 thirty 0.175935 125 1.687577 35 0.23619 130 1,74224 40 0.303627 135 1.791631 45 0.377417 140 1,835716 fifty 0.456665 145 1.874494 55 0,540425 150 1.907986 60 0.627719 155 1.936225 65 0.717555 160 1,959253 70 0.808949 165 1,977111 75 0,900937 170 1,989838 80 0,992599 175 1,997461 85 1,083075

Claims (2)

1. A towing device of variable length of a biaxial trailer, comprising a telescopic traction arm consisting of front parts connected to a tractor and a rear swivel wheel trolley frame, characterized in that the front part of the telescopic traction arm is connected via a connecting rod to a slewing rotary platform by swivel mounts offset from the vertical axis of rotation of the aforementioned slewing platform relative to the frame of the swivel wheel trolley. 2. The towing device of a variable length of a biaxial trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that the towing device of a variable length of a biaxial trailer works on the principle of a crank mechanism, the links of which are a swivel platform, a connecting rod and the front of the telescopic arm.

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