RU133072U1 - SIDE FRAME OF THE TRUCK OF A CAR - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The side frame of the freight car truck, made in the form of steel casting, consisting of upper and lower horizontal belts interconnected by vertical columns, forming together with horizontal belts a spring aperture, in the lower part of which there is a supporting surface with bonks for installing springs and limiters from displacement of springs, inclined belts, forming technological windows together with vertical columns, paired with a lower belt and horizontal supporting sections of axle boxes s having external and internal jaw guides, the horizontal reference section of the axle box opening with the inclined belt is made with external ribs starting above the horizontal supporting section and continuing on the inclined belt, characterized in that the external jaw guides have external ribs of width H1 and length L, starting above the horizontal bearing surface of the axle opening, enveloping the outer corner of the axle opening and continuing on the outer jaw guide at an angle b to the horizontal waist, between the outer ribs of the outer jaw guides and the outer ribs of the horizontal support section of the axle box with an inclined belt above the horizontal support section, a gap is made, the side walls of the vertical columns in the transition zone to the lower horizontal belt narrow from a height of H2 from the level of the supporting surface by B1 s each side, the transverse wall of the vertical column has triangular protrusions of thickness t on both sides, having a width of B2 at the base, an edge below the spring supporting surface

Description

The utility model relates to rolling stock of railway transport and can be used in the construction of biaxial bogies of freight cars.

In operated biaxial trolleys of the model 18-100 freight cars (Wagons / Ed. By L. A. Shadur. - M .: Transport, 1980. - 439 p.) The side frame is made in the form of a steel casting, in the middle of which there is a spring opening formed by the upper belt, the lower horizontal belt and two vertical columns, on which there are stops to limit the lateral movement of the friction wedges. In the lower part of the spring opening, a supporting surface is made for placing the spring kit, on which the bonks for installation and the stops from the displacement of the springs are cast. The sections of the inclined zones and vertical columns have a trough-like shape with some bending inside the ends of the shelves, and the lower and upper zones have a box-shaped section. At the ends of the side frame are jaw openings with external and internal jaw guides.

This design of a biaxial trolley has the following disadvantages due to the configuration of the side frame.

The presence of open sections of the side frame in an inclined belt reduces the area of its section and leads to an increase in stresses in it under the action of tensile loads. The pairing of the vertical columns with the lower belt along a small radius leads to the formation of stress concentrators and, as a result, cracks in the lower corners of the spring opening. The coincidence of the refraction of the upper belt into the over-box zone with the vertical plane passing through the conjugation zone of the inclined belt - axle box opening leads to the development of cracks and breaking of the outer jaw guide during operation under the action of a car retarder or jamming of the axle box body.

There are a large number of designs of the side frames of the wagon trolleys, made in the form of steel castings with various solutions aimed at increasing the strength of the frame in critical areas.

The closest analogue to the claimed utility model is the design of the side frame of the railway trolley (RU 125949, B61F 5/52 dated 03/20/2013), made in the form of a steel casting, consisting of upper and lower horizontal belts, interconnected by vertical columns, forming together with horizontal a spring aperture, in the lower part of which there is a supporting surface with bonks for installing springs and limiters for the displacement of springs, inclined belts, which form technologically together with vertical columns window associated with the lower belt and horizontal support portions of axle apertures having inner and outer jaw guides and outer guides jaw openings formed box section, and the inner jaw guide apertures have a hole in a horizontal shelf. The horizontal reference section of the axle box opening with the inclined belt is paired with the outer ribs of height H (H may be 42 ± 4 mm) and length L (L may be 660 ± 4 mm) starting above the horizontal supporting section of the axle box and continuing on the inclined belt, as well as with internal local thickenings in the form of a truncated cone on the vertical side walls with the center forming at the apex of the angle between the horizontal supporting section and the vertical wall of the inner jaw guide. In the inner cavity of the lower horizontal zone in the center there is a vertical longitudinal rib, continuing along the entire supporting surface of the spring opening. The lower corners of the spring opening on the side of the triangel pendants have internal local thickenings in the form of a truncated cone with the center of the generatrix at the apex of the corner. The internal reinforcing rib in the inclined belt is located tangent to the radius of the lower corner of the spring opening, forms an angle α (α can be 8 ± 2 °) with the lower shelf of the inclined belt and mates with the technological window. In the inner cavity of the lower wall of the inclined belt, a rib is made that extends from the mating angle of the lower wall of the inclined belt with the horizontal shelf of the internal jaw guide, aligned with the lower wall of the inclined belt and continues until the vertical wall of the internal jaw guide is mated with the horizontal supporting section of the axle box opening. The conjugation of the side walls of the vertical columns with the supporting surface of the spring opening from the side of the triangel suspensions along the radius at the inner corner of the spring opening R1, which can be 40 mm, and R2 (can be equal to 10 mm) at the inclined belt. The displacement limiters of the wedge spring in the spring opening are made without reinforcing ribs at the transition point of the supporting surface to the vertical walls of the spring opening.

The disadvantage of this design of the side frame is the insufficient strength of the frame in the area of the outer radius of the axle box opening and in the area of the lower radius of the spring opening when the torque is transmitted from the lateral force transmitted through the outer jaw guides and the opposite lateral force transmitted through the spring support surface the opening.

The objective of the utility model is to develop a side frame of a freight car truck reliable in operation.

The technical result is to increase the durability during operation.

The technical result is achieved in that the side frame of the freight car truck, made in the form of a steel casting, consisting of upper and lower horizontal belts interconnected by vertical columns, forming together with horizontal belts a spring aperture, in the lower part of which there is a supporting surface with bonks for installation of springs and limiters against bias of springs, inclined belts, forming technological windows together with vertical columns, conjugated with the lower belt and the horizon With the axial supporting sections of the axle openings having external and internal jaw guides, the pair of the horizontal supporting section of the axle opening with the inclined belt is made with external ribs starting above the horizontal supporting section and continuing on the inclined belt. The external jaw guides have external ribs of width H1 and length L, which begin above the horizontal bearing surface of the axle box opening, bend around the outer corner of the axle box and continue on the external jaw rail at an angle α to the horizontal, between the external ribs of the external jaw guides and the external mating ribs of the horizontal supporting section a box opening with an inclined belt (i.e., an internal gap is made above the horizontal jaw guides of the box opening), the side walls of the vertical columns in the transition zone to the lower horizontal belt taper from a height of H2 from the level of the supporting surface by the value B1 on each side, the transverse wall of the vertical column has triangular protrusions of thickness t on both sides, having a width of B2 at the base, an edge under the spring the opening is placed under a triangular protrusion on the transverse wall of the vertical column.

The outer ribs have a width H1 from 36 to 44 mm, a length L from 186 to 194 mm, and an angle α from 50 ° to 60 °.

The height of H2 is at least 100 mm, the narrowing of B1 is at least 10 mm, the thickness t is at least 15 mm, the width B2 is at least 15 mm.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where:

- figure 1 shows a General view of the side frame of the trolley of freight cars with a cut along the longitudinal plane;

- figure 2 shows a section aa;

- figure 3 shows a perspective view of the side frame with a cutout.

The side frame (Fig. 1) of a freight car truck, made in the form of a steel casting, consisting of upper 1 and lower 2 horizontal belts interconnected by vertical columns 3, forming together with horizontal belts a spring aperture 4, in the lower part of which there is a supporting surface 5 with bonks 6 for installing springs and limiters 7 for displacing springs, inclined belts 8, forming technological windows 9 together with vertical columns, paired with a lower belt and horizontal supporting sections 10 b uksovye openings 11 having an external 12 and internal 13 jaw guides. The horizontal reference section 10 of the axle box opening with the inclined belt is paired with the outer ribs 14 starting above the horizontal supporting section 10 and continuing on the inclined belt 8.

Outer jaw guides 12 have external ribs 15 of width H1 (40 ± 4 mm) and length L (length 190 ± 4 mm), starting above the horizontal bearing surface of the axle box opening, enveloping the outer corner of the axle opening and dropping downward at an angle a (component 55 ± 5 °) to the horizontal along the outer jaw guide. Between the outer ribs 15 of the outer jaw guides 12 and the outer ribs 14 (above the inner jaw guides 13 of the axle box opening) there is a gap 16 above the horizontal supporting section 16. The side walls of the vertical columns 3 of the transition zone to the lower horizontal belt are made with narrowing from a height of H2 (at least 100 mm) from the level of the supporting surface 5 by the amount B1 (not less than 10 mm) on each side of FIG. The transverse wall of the vertical column has triangular protrusions 17 with a thickness of t (at least 15 mm) on both sides and having a width of B2 at the base (at least 15 mm). The rib 18, located under the supporting surface of the spring opening, is placed under the triangular protrusion 17 on the transverse wall of the vertical column 3.

The side frame of the truck freight car works as follows.

The main bearing element of the side frame is an inclined belt 8, which is stretched when applied to the side frame, supported in axle openings 11 on the wheelsets, loads through the supporting surface 5 of the spring opening 4.

The outer 12 and inner 13 jaw guides of the axle box limit the longitudinal and transverse movements of the wheelsets relative to the side frame. The calculation of mechanical stresses from the action on the side frame of the torque from the transverse force transmitted through the external jaw guides and the oppositely directed transverse force transmitted through the supporting surface of the spring opening showed that one of the most loaded zones is the transition from the horizontal supporting section 10 to the external maxillary guide 12. The presence of external ribs 15 reduces stresses in the transition zone of the horizontal supporting section 10 in the outer jaw guide 12 from the impact of shear forces, which increases the strength and durability of the side frame.

The lower horizontal zone of the spring opening 4 receives the load from the spring set and the spring beam. The calculation of mechanical stresses from the action on the side frame of the torque from the transverse force transmitted through the external jaw guides and the oppositely directed transverse force transmitted through the supporting surface of the spring opening showed that one of the most loaded zones is the transition zone of the vertical column 3 into the supporting surface 5 The presence of triangular protrusions 17 having a width of at least 25 mm in its base, and the placement of the ribs 18 under the triangular protrusion 17 reduces stress in the lower horizontal m belt 2 and in the transition zone of the vertical column 3 of the spring opening 4 in the supporting surface 5 from the influence of shear forces, which also increases the strength and durability of the side frame. The narrowing B1 of the side walls of the vertical column, starting from a height of H2, allows the placement of triangular protrusions 17.

Claims (3)

1. The side frame of the freight car truck, made in the form of steel casting, consisting of upper and lower horizontal belts interconnected by vertical columns, forming together with horizontal belts a spring aperture, in the lower part of which there is a supporting surface with bonks for installing springs and limiters from displacement of springs, inclined belts, forming technological windows together with vertical columns, paired with a lower belt and horizontal supporting sections of axle boxes s having external and internal jaw guides, the horizontal reference section of the axle box opening with the inclined belt is made with external ribs starting above the horizontal supporting section and continuing on the inclined belt, characterized in that the external jaw guides have external ribs of width H1 and length L, starting above the horizontal bearing surface of the axle opening, enveloping the outer corner of the axle opening and continuing on the outer jaw guide at an angle b to the horizontal waist, between the outer ribs of the outer jaw guides and the outer ribs of the horizontal support section of the axle box with an inclined belt above the horizontal support section, a gap is made, the side walls of the vertical columns in the transition zone to the lower horizontal belt narrow from a height of H2 from the level of the supporting surface by B1 s each side, the transverse wall of the vertical column has triangular protrusions of thickness t on both sides, having a width of B2 at the base, an edge below the spring supporting surface about the opening is placed under a triangular protrusion on the transverse wall of the vertical column. 2. The side frame of a freight car truck according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer ribs have a width H1 from 36 to 44 mm, a length L from 186 to 194 mm, and an angle b from 50 ° to 60 °. 3. The side frame of the freight car truck according to claim 1, characterized in that the height H2 is at least 100 mm, the narrowing B1 is at least 10 mm, the thickness t is at least 15 mm, the width B2 is at least 15 mm.

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