RU119575U1 - DEVICE FOR GRINDING ROOT FAMILIES - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for crushing root and tuber crops, containing a cylindrical body with inside the working bodies of the grinder, which are mounted on the rotor flange of the drive shaft of the electric motor and fixed with movable pins, unloading and receiving bunkers, characterized in that the working bodies of the grinder are made in the form of two pairs of crescent-shaped knives and sharpening the cutting edges at an angle of 6-8 °, holes in the form of triangles are made on the surface of the knives, and the cutting edges of the two crescent-shaped knives are directed in opposite directions relative to each other, in addition, the working body of the grinder has an arc-shaped calibrator, which is installed at the same level with knives and fixed obliquely to the surface of the opposite inner walls of the cylindrical body, while the arc-shaped calibrator is equipped with a comb, which consists of metal rods with gaps in the form of calibration slots, the device is also additionally equipped with a guide partition, located located below the receiving hopper, which is installed obliquely on the inner end wall of the body. ! 2. A device for crushing root and tuber crops, containing a cylindrical body with inside the working bodies of the grinder, which are mounted on the rotor flange of the drive shaft of the electric motor and fixed with movable pins, unloading and receiving bunkers, characterized in that the working bodies of the grinder are made in the form of four pairs of crescent-shaped knives and sharpening of the cutting edges at an angle of 6-8 °, holes in the form of triangles are made on the surface of the knives, and the cutting edges of four knives�

Description

The proposed utility model relates to devices for grinding vegetable raw materials from forage crops, namely root tubers, also cabbage, pumpkin and other vegetables and can be used in agriculture: farming (peasant) and personal subsidiary plots.

Known chopper forage crops, comprising a housing, a feed hopper mounted on the drum shaft with the knives having the pressing elements and discharge hopper. Inside the drum, feed blades, and combs are installed on the inner surface of the housing. Knives are mounted at an angle a = 10-20 ° to the drum axis and the cutting portion has a triangular shape (see FIG. Patent RU №45227, IPC A01F 29/00, publ. 10.05.2005, Bul. №13).

A disadvantage of the known chopper forage crops is that the apparatus cannot be used for grinding root tubers.

Known cone inertial crusher containing installed on the shock absorbers frame, which is mounted on the electric drive, the outer and inner cones. On the axis of the shank of the inner cone with the help of a bearing, an imbalance is fixed, having a drive shaft with upper and lower bearings. The lower shaft support is mounted in a thrust bearing with a shock absorber of axial shaft vibrations, and the upper support is mounted in the bearing. The apparatus relates to cone crushers for fine crushing (see SU 1404106 A, IPC V02C 2/02, publ. 23.06.88, bull. No. 23).

A disadvantage of the known cone inertial crusher is the large mass and the fact that the apparatus cannot be used for grinding root crops.

Known chopper root crops, containing a loading hopper, auger, pressure pipe, nozzles with sprayers, a drive mechanism with an electric motor, a gear drum for grinding root crops, a filter, a water pump with a drive. This chopper is inclined (see Dzhakhangirov A.D., Kuzmintsev V.P. Encyclopedic Dictionary of a Young Farmer: - M., Pedagogy, 1983, p. 122-123).

However, this device for grinding root crops is used in large livestock complexes, has a large energy intensity and dimensions.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved technical result to the claimed device is a hammer device for grinding root crops containing a cylindrical body fixed motionless to the electric motor. Inside the cylindrical body are placed the working bodies of the grinder, made of two hammers, which are located opposite each other in one line, are mounted on the flange of the drive shaft and secured with movable pins, while the hammers have a gear surface. The serrated surfaces of the two hammers are directed in opposite directions relative to each other. In addition, the working bodies of the grinder are made in the form of two chop fingers, which are located opposite each other on opposite inner surfaces of the walls of the body and are fixed obliquely to the inner walls at the same level with hammers (see patent RU No. 78398, IPC A01F 29/00, publ. November 27, 2008, Bulletin No. 33).

A disadvantage of the known device is that when crushed, the crushed product gives off a large amount of juice, which does not allow the device to be used for grinding vegetable raw materials: vegetable crops from cabbage, pumpkin and others.

Thus, the technical task of the proposed utility model is to create a device that would allow preserving the juiciness of plant materials during grinding, conduct research experiments, laboratory work on grinding root crops and other vegetable crops, and use it on farms (peasants) and personal subsidiary plots.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the grinding efficiency, achieve preservation of the juiciness of the crushed vegetable raw materials, simplify the design and versatility of grinding raw materials from root crops, vegetables: cabbage, pumpkin and others.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for grinding root crops containing a cylindrical body with grinder working bodies inside, which are mounted on the rotor flange of the drive shaft of the electric motor and secured with movable pins, receiving and unloading bins, according to the utility model, the grinder working bodies are made in the form two pairs of sickle-shaped knives and sharpening of the cutting edge at an angle of 6-8 °, holes in the form of triangles are made on the surface of the knives, and the burning edges of the two crescent-shaped knives are directed in opposite directions relative to each other, in addition, the working body of the grinder has an arc-shaped calibrator, which is installed at the same level with the knives and fixed obliquely to the surface of the opposite inner walls of the cylindrical body, while the arc-shaped calibrator is equipped with a comb, which consist made of metal rods with gaps in the form of calibration slots, the device is also additionally equipped with a guide wall located below the reception hopper, which is installed obliquely on the inner end wall of the housing.

The technical result of the utility model is also achieved due to the fact that the device for chopping root crops containing a cylindrical housing with grinder working bodies inside, mounted on the rotor flange of the electric motor drive shaft and secured with movable pins, receiving and unloading hoppers, according to the utility model, grinder working bodies made in the form of four pairs of sickle-shaped knives and sharpening the cutting edge at an angle of 6-8 °, holes on the surface of the knives are made e of triangles, moreover, the cutting edges of the four crescent-shaped knives relative to each other are directed in opposite directions, in addition, the working body of the grinder has an arc-shaped calibrator that is installed at the same level with the knives and is mounted obliquely to the surface of the opposite internal walls of the cylindrical body, while the arc-shaped calibrator is equipped with comb, which consist of metal rods with gaps in the form of calibration slots, the device is also additionally equipped with a guide burnout Coy disposed below the hopper, which is set obliquely on the inner end wall of the housing. Distinctive features of the claimed device are:

- the installation and arrangement of two pairs of knives made in the form of a crescent shape and sharpening the cutting edge of all knives at an angle of 6-8 °, which are directed in opposite directions at two knives relative to each other, contributes to the efficiency of capture of the supplied plant material during the cutting process ;

- the execution on the surface of the knives of the sickle-shaped holes in the form of triangles can reduce the sticking of crushed plant material to the end surface of the knives;

- installation on a level with knives and inclined fastening to the surface of opposite inner walls of the cylindrical body of the arcuate calibrator, which is equipped with a comb, and which consist of metal rods with gaps in the form of calibration slots, helps to reduce the resistance of the crushed plant material, increase the slip and the speed of crushing of the plant raw materials in the cutting process due to the most complete contact of raw materials, knives and calibrator;

- the inclined installation of the guide wall, its fastening on the inner surface of the end wall of the cylindrical body and the location below the receiving hopper contributes to the uniform supply of crushed plant material to the working bodies of the grinder;

- installation and arrangement of four pairs of knives made in the form of a crescent shape and sharpening of the cutting edge at an angle of 6-8 °, which are directed in opposite directions at the four knives relative to each other, while on the surface of the knives holes are made in the form of triangles, which increases the degree grinding supplied plant materials.

The applicant has not identified sources of information on patent and scientific and technical documentation, including features similar or equivalent to the distinguishing features of the utility model formula. Thus, the distinctive features of the claimed utility model “Device for crushing root crops” meet the criterion of “novelty” and provide in aggregate the achievement of the specified technical result, which consists in increasing the efficiency of grinding, achieving the preservation of juiciness of crushed vegetable raw materials, simplifying the design and universality of grinding vegetable raw materials from root crops , vegetable crops: cabbage, pumpkin and others.

The proposed device is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a General view of the device with a section of the housing, figure 2 - section aa of figure 1.

The proposed device for grinding root crops contains a cylindrical body 1 fixed to the electric motor 2. Inside the cylindrical body 1 are the working bodies of the grinder: two pairs of knives 3, which are mounted on the flange 4 of the rotor 5 of the drive shaft 6, are fixed with movable pins (in figure 1 , 2 are not shown), the lock washer 7 and the clamping rings 8. The knives 3 are located opposite each other in one line and mounted on the flange 4 of the rotor 5 as follows: one knife 3 from the front of the flange 4, the other knife 3 with a reverse flange 4 at an angle of 180 °. On the surface of the knives 3, which are made in the form of a crescent shape, there are holes 9 in the form of triangles. The cutting edges 10 of all knives 3 have a special sharpening at an angle of 6-8 °, and the cutting edges 10 of the two knives 3 relative to each other are directed in opposite directions. The working body of the grinder has an arcuate calibrator 11, which is equipped with a comb 12 attached to it. The arcuate calibrator 11 is installed at the same level with the knives 3 and is fixed to the surface of the opposite inner walls of the cylindrical body 1 obliquely at an angle of 10-18 °. The comb 12 and the arcuate calibrator 11 consist of metal rods 13 having certain gaps in the form of calibration slots 14 (the distance between two metal rods 13).

The device is also additionally equipped with a guiding partition 15, which is mounted on the inner end wall of the cylindrical body 1 obliquely at an angle of 120-130 ° and is located below the receiving hopper 16. The guiding partition 15 ensures the direction of the supplied plant material to the working surface of the chopping organs - two pairs of knives 3 and arc-shaped calibrator 11 and combs 12. The cylindrical housing 1 is equipped with a receiving hopper 16 for loading vegetable raw materials, an unloading hopper 17 for unloading crushed about the product. The receiving hopper 16 is equipped with shutters 18, which prevent splashing of the crushed plant material and are a protective element of the rotating parts of the device.

For finer grinding of plant materials and increasing the degree of grinding, the working bodies of the device are made of four pairs (in figures 1, 2 not shown) of a sickle-shaped knives 3, on the surface of which holes 9 are made in the form of triangles, with a special sharpening of the cutting edge 10 at an angle 6-8 °. In this case, the cutting edges 10 of the four crescent-shaped knives are directed in opposite directions relative to each other.

The proposed device operates as follows. To grind plant materials: root crops or vegetables: cabbage, pumpkin and other vegetables include an electric motor 2, thereby the rotor 5 with the flanges 4 of the drive shaft 6 is rotated. Together with the drive shaft 6, two (or four) pairs of sickle-shaped knives 3 begin to rotate in the device, on the surfaces of which there are holes 9 in the form of triangles to reduce the sticking of the crushed plant material to the end surface of the knives. Vegetable raw materials are fed through the receiving hopper 16: root crops or vegetables, which, under their own weight, go down through the guide wall 15 into the cylindrical body 1 and are captured by two (or four) pairs of sickle-shaped knives 3 for carrying out the cutting process. The crushed vegetable raw materials are discharged through the gaps in the form of gauge slots 14 of the arcuate calibrator 11 and combs 12 from the cylindrical body 1 via the discharge hopper 17. The shutters 18 of the receiving hopper 16 open under the weight of the plant raw materials supplied for grinding.

When working with four pairs of crescent-shaped knives 3, the degree of grinding of the supplied plant material increases.

The proposed utility model in comparison with the prototype (see patent RU No. 78398, IPC A01F 29/00, publ. 11/27/2008, bull. No. 33) has the following advantages:

- the versatility of the device, since it is possible to chop both root crops and vegetables: cabbage, pumpkin and other vegetables.

- improving the efficiency of grinding;

- achieving the preservation of juiciness of crushed vegetable raw materials due to the cutting process.

The utility model is industrially applicable, since it allows providing farmers (peasants) and personal subsidiary plots with the necessary chopped plant raw materials, as well as applying the proposed utility model “Device for chopping root crops” for conducting scientific research experiments and laboratory studies in research, educational laboratories.

Claims (2)

1. A device for grinding root crops containing a cylindrical body with grinder working bodies inside, which are mounted on the rotor flange of the drive shaft of the electric motor and secured with movable pins, discharge and receiving bins, characterized in that the working bodies of the grinder are made in the form of two pairs of sickle-shaped knives and sharpening the cutting edges at an angle of 6-8 °, holes in the form of triangles are made on the surface of the knives, and the cutting edges of the two crescent-shaped knives relative to each other is directed in opposite directions, in addition, the working body of the grinder has an arc-shaped calibrator that is mounted on the same level with the knives and is mounted obliquely to the surface of the opposing inner walls of the cylindrical body, while the arc-shaped calibrator is equipped with a comb, which consists of metal rods with gaps in in the form of calibration slots, the device is also additionally equipped with a guiding partition located below the receiving hopper, which is installed obliquely on the inside the end wall of the housing. 2. A device for crushing root crops, containing a cylindrical body with grinder working bodies inside, mounted on the rotor flange of the drive shaft of the electric motor and secured with movable pins, unloading and receiving hoppers, characterized in that the chopper working bodies are made in the form of four pairs of sickle-shaped knives and sharpening the cutting edges at an angle of 6-8 °, the holes in the form of triangles are made on the surface of the knives, and the cutting edges of the four sickle-shaped knives include each other is directed in opposite directions, in addition, the working body of the grinder has an arcuate calibrator that is installed on the same level with the knives and is mounted obliquely to the surface of the opposing inner walls of the cylindrical body, while the arcuate calibrator is equipped with a comb, which consists of metal rods with gaps in the form of calibration slots, the device is also additionally equipped with a guide wall located below the receiving hopper, which is installed obliquely on the inside renney end wall of the housing.