RU55536U1 - FEED GRINDER - Google Patents

Abstract

The chopper-distributor is designed for grinding stalk feeds formed into bales, rolls, in bulk, their distribution and can be used in agricultural production for the preparation and distribution of feed. The feed chopper-distributor contains a feed hopper, outside of which a chopping rotor, a loading and unloading device are located in parallel with the housing, characterized in that the rotor is made in the form of a disk with grinding elements located on it along concentric circles; grinding elements, the rotor axis being perpendicular to the axis of the hopper, and blades are fixed on the side of the disk opposite to the grinding elements. The guide of the rotor housing is made in a spiral.

Description

The proposed development relates to agriculture and can be used in animal husbandry for transportation, grinding and distribution of stalk feed, as well as for laying litter.

Known feed chopper [3], containing a hopper mounted on the frame, a feed conveyor in its bottom, a loading device, an additional feed device in the form of two rotors located in the windows of the bottom of the hopper in the front, a chopping device in the form of a rotating rotor with a horizontal axis, and unloading device. The disadvantage of this grinder is the complexity of the design of the feeding device.

The closest in technical essence is a grinder-distributor of roughage [2], containing a frame mounted on a frame rotating body in the form of two hollow cylinders, a fixed bottom. The cylinders are interconnected by longitudinal connecting elements, rotated with respect to the axis of the hopper by an acute angle. In the front of the hopper, below the axis of the hopper, there is a window by which the hopper communicates with the working cavity of the grinding device, made in the form of a hammer rotor.

The disadvantage of this design is the complexity of the rotor drive, the need to use an expensive gearbox, as well as high energy costs due to the fact that grinding is done by breaking the fibers of the material with hammers.

In the proposed grinder-dispenser containing a feed hopper 2 with a loading device in the form of a bead 4 with a fixed fork, a grinding rotor 3 located outside the hopper, which is a disk with grinding elements located on it along concentric circles 12. The rotor axis is perpendicular to the axis of the hopper and does not intersect with her. A fixed half ring with opposing elements 13 is installed in the rotor case. The grinding elements are made in the form of segments in the form of a trapezoid with notches on the side faces and a serrated front edge. On the opposite side of the grinding elements of the rotor blades 14 are located, creating additional air flow. The guide of the rotor housing is made in the form of a logarithmic curve, which allows to reduce the resistance when the material leaves the housing.

The presence of distinctive features from the prototype of the features indicates novelty, and their analysis shows that in the aggregate of the claimed features, the criteria for inventive step and industrial applicability are also met.

This utility model is illustrated in the drawing.

Figure 1 shows a side view of a chopper-distributor of feed.

Figure 2 shows a front view of the chopper-distributor of feed.

Figure 3 shows a section aa in figure 1

Figure 4 shows a section bB in figure 3

Figure 5 shows a section bb in figure 4

Figure 6 shows a top view of the segment pos.12

The feed chopper-distributor contains a feed hopper 2 mounted on the frame 1, a chopping device in the form of a rotor 3 with a horizontal axis of rotation. The rotor is formed by a disk on which segments 12 are mounted in the form of a trapezoid facing an acute angle in the direction of movement of the material. Similar segments are mounted on a fixed semicircle 13 mounted on the side wall of the rotor housing. On the opposite side of the rotor, blades 14 are installed around the periphery, creating an air flow, which contributes to a more intensive removal of material. To reduce the resistance during the withdrawal of material, the guide of the rotor casing is made in the form of a logarithmic spiral. The unloading device 10 is made in the form of a channel of rectangular cross section, through which the crushed material is discharged, for example, into animal feeders. The hopper consists of two rings 7 and 8 connected by cylindrical elements 9 mounted at an acute angle to the axis of the hopper. From axial and radial movement of the hopper is held by two rollers 5, mounted on the frame, and the axis on which the hopper is fixed and which allows it to rotate. The loading device consists of a bead 4 mounted on the frame with the possibility of rotation around a horizontal axis. The side opening is carried out, for example, by means of a hydraulic cylinder. The rotor is driven by a variable speed motor. The hopper is driven by an engine with an adjustable speed.

Chopper-distributor of feeds is as follows. The material to be ground (in rolls, in bales or in bulk) is loaded into the hopper 2 mounted on the frame 1. Next, the rotor 3 is turned on, then the hopper 2. The material of the roll moving with the hopper is captured by the segments 12 of the rotating rotor, detached from the main mass roll and fed into the grinding chamber, where it is crushed in cooperation with fixed segments. The crushed material, rotating with the hopper 2, is fed into the grinding zone of the rotor 3 so that the grinding of the material occurs along a cylindrical generatrix. The connecting elements 9 of the hopper are installed at an angle to the axis of rotation, which sets the material to be crushed both rotational and translational motion along the axis of the hopper. This allows you to grind the material across the entire width of the cylindrical generatrix.

The crushed material is discharged from the grinding chamber through a channel of rectangular cross section to the animal feeders or to the litter.

Unlike the prototype, this model has a segmented rotor with a horizontal axis of rotation. This design simplifies the rotor drive,

allows you to abandon the use of the gearbox, as well as reduce energy consumption by grinding material by cutting.

Literature

1. Mokhnatkin V.G., Matushkin O.P. Analysis of mobile combined machines for grinding, dosing and distributing roll feed and bedding // Science of the new century - knowledge of the young: Tez. doc. 1st scientific conferences of graduate students and applicants. - Kirov, 2001 .-- S.116-117.

2. Mokhnatkin V.G., Matushkin O.P., Rylov A.A. Development and research of a mobile chopper-distributor of roughage // Problems of mechanization and maintenance of technological equipment in agricultural production: Sat. scientific Art. Vyatka State Agricultural Academy. - Kirov, 2002. - S.12-15. - prototype

3. Aleshkin V.R., Mokhnatkin V.G. Analysis of the designs of bunker choppers of roughage // Mechanization of processes in animal husbandry and feed production: Sat. scientific tr Perm. S.-kh. institute - Perm, 1989 .-- S.5-16.

Claims (3)

1. A chopper-distributor of feeds containing a feed hopper, outside of which there is a chopping rotor body, a loading and unloading device, characterized in that the rotor is made in the form of a disk with chopping elements located on it along concentric circles; with grinding elements, the axis of rotation of the rotor perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the hopper, and blades are fixed on the side of the disk opposite from the grinding elements. 2. The chopper-distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide of the rotor housing is made according to a logarithmic curve. 3. The chopper-distributor according to claim 2, characterized in that the chopping elements are made in the form of a quadrangular pyramid with notches on the side faces and a serrated front edge.