CN103098616B - Self-propelled melon seed collection machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-propelled melon seed harvester. The pulverizer installed in the pulverization chamber is composed of a first rotating shaft and circular knives. The pulverization chamber is connected to a primary mixing chamber through a primary feeding port. The agitator is composed of a second rotating shaft and a curved arm. The other end of the primary mixing chamber is provided with a waste outlet; the primary mixing chamber is connected to the conveying chamber below it through a primary filter, and a second screw conveyor is installed in the conveying chamber. The chamber is connected to the secondary mixing chamber through the secondary feeding port. The secondary agitator installed in the secondary mixing chamber is composed of the fourth rotating shaft and the stirring plate. The inlet provided at the lower end of the machine, the bending arm and the material shifting plate are all inclined relative to their respective rotating shafts. The invention automatically and gradually separates melon seeds from melon rind and melon pulp, saves manpower and material resources, improves the efficiency of melon seed harvesting and subsequent processing and production, and reduces the cost of melon seed harvesting.

Description

Self-propelled melon seed harvester

technical field

The invention relates to an agricultural machine for automatically harvesting cucurbit fruits, melons and seeds, in particular to a self-propelled melon seed harvester.

Background technique

The existing agricultural harvesting machinery for harvesting various melons can harvest melons and other fruits and melons, but if you want to harvest the melon seeds in the pulp, the existing various melon machines cannot automatically harvest the melons. The work of separating the pulp, rind and melon seeds does not have the function of mechanized harvesting of melon seeds. It still requires a lot of manual work to break open the melon rinds harvested by the melon harvester and remove the melon seeds from the other parts. The manual harvesting of melon seeds that requires manual participation is not only labor-intensive, but also low in efficiency, and the work of manual harvesting is complicated. Obviously, this kind of production method of manually harvesting melon seeds cannot be well Adapting to modern agricultural production, the harvesting cost is not only high, but also reduces the production efficiency of melon seeds.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-propelled melon seed harvester, which has a reasonable structure, has the function of mechanized harvesting melon seeds, saves manpower and material resources, improves the efficiency of melon seed harvesting and subsequent processing and production, and reduces the cost of melon seeds. The cost of harvesting seeds.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of self-propelled melon class seed collecting machine, comprises the cabinet that is installed on the frame, motor, collection hopper, scraper conveyor and cylindrical drum, comb and loose-leaf baffle The exhaust pipe, water tank, fuel tank and water storage barrel connected to the engine cylinder combustion chamber are installed at the rear of the frame, the steering wheel and the driver's seat directly behind are installed at the front of the frame, and the walking wheel is installed at the bottom of the frame. The rotatable cylindrical drum is installed at the front end of the frame. The thorns fixed on the drum are driven by the rotating drum and pass through the gap between the two adjacent rods of the comb teeth to surround the drum body. Listed on the wall of the outer cylinder, the straight-line distance between the comb teeth above the drum and the outer cylinder wall of the drum is less than the length of the thorns, and an upwardly open feeding trough and a loose-leaf baffle are arranged below the lower part of the comb teeth. The rear end of the loose-leaf baffle between the teeth and the feeding chute is hinged on the top of the feeding chute, the front end of the loose-leaf baffle is supported by the comb teeth and overlapped on the comb teeth, and the first screw conveyor is installed at the bottom of the feeding chute. The first screw conveyor is located above the hinge point between the rear end of the loose-leaf baffle and the top of the feeding chute, the axis of rotation of the first screw conveyor is in line with the length direction of the feeding chute, and the feeding chute passes through the chassis located behind it The feeding port set on the box wall is connected to the crushing chamber set in the casing, and a pulverizer is installed in the pulverizing chamber. The pulverizer is composed of a first rotating shaft and a circular knife, and the circular knife is composed of curved strip blades. The strip-shaped blades are arranged in a row around the circular cross-section of the shaft body of the first rotating shaft to form a row of circular knife groups on the same plane, and each row of circular knife groups is arranged along the axial direction of the first rotating shaft, and each curved bar The knife tip of the blade is arranged circumferentially along the circular cross-section of the first rotating shaft and its direction is consistent with respect to the circular cross-section of the first rotating shaft. The axial projection positions of all curved strip blades on the first rotating shaft are staggered from each other; the strip-shaped primary mixing chamber, conveying chamber and secondary mixing chamber are set in the cabinet below the crushing chamber. The chamber is connected to the primary stirring chamber through the primary feeding port and one end of the primary stirring chamber. The primary stirring chamber is equipped with a primary stirrer. The primary stirrer is composed of a second rotating shaft and a curved arm. The strips are connected as a whole, the linear strip is fixed on the second shaft through one end of the curved strip, all the curved arms are arranged along the axial direction of the second shaft, and the plane where each curved arm is located is the same as the second shaft. The relative inclination angles of the central axis are the same, and the axial orthographic projection positions of two adjacent curved arms arranged axially along the second rotating shaft on the second rotating shaft are staggered from each other, and the waste materials provided at the other end of the primary stirring chamber The outlet is connected to the atmosphere; the primary mixing chamber is connected to the conveying chamber below it through the primary filter, and the second screw conveyor is installed in the conveying chamber, and the conveying chamber is connected to the secondary stage through the secondary feeding port through one end of the secondary stirring chamber. The mixing chamber is equipped with a secondary agitator in the secondary mixing chamber. The secondary agitator is composed of a fourth rotating shaft and a stirring plate. The stirring plate is fixed on the fourth rotating shaft through its side plate edge. The circular cross-sections of the fourth rotating shaft are arranged in a row in the circumferential direction, so There are shifting plates arranged along the axial direction of the fourth rotating shaft, and the plane where each shifting plate is located has the same relative inclination angle to the central axis of the fourth rotating shaft. The axial projection positions of the material plates on the fourth rotating shaft are also staggered. The secondary mixing chamber is connected to the atmosphere through the secondary filter set at the bottom, and the other end of the secondary mixing chamber is connected to the lower end of the scraper conveyor through the discharge port. The set inlet and the outlet at the upper end of the scraper conveyor lead into the collecting hopper.

When the present invention works, the engine drives the traveling wheels, the breaker, the agitator and the screw conveyor to work, and the rotating drum will drive the thorns to rotate around the drum and pierce the melons on the field, and the melons are pricked on the drum, and It is brought up to the comb teeth by rotating the roller, the comb teeth can play the role of detaching the melon from the thorns, and roll into the feeding trough from the inclined comb teeth, and then conveyed by the first screw conveyor through the feeding port Enter the crushing chamber and be crushed by the shredder. Because the circular knife group of the shredder rotates around its first rotation axis, the fruit and melon are broken and separated into melon skin, melon pulp and melon seeds, and broken into a mixture of melon skin, melon pulp and melon seeds. Then it enters the primary mixing chamber through the primary feeding port. Since the plane of the curved arm of the primary agitator installed in the primary mixing chamber is relatively inclined to the central axis of the second rotating shaft, all primary agitators have a conveying function similar to that of a screw conveyor. Function, during the rotation process after the second rotation, the curved arm can stir and transport the mixture of melon rind, melon pulp and melon seeds, so as to achieve the purpose of stirring and conveying. In the process of stirring and conveying by the primary agitator After being filtered by the primary filter, the melon seed particles and part of the pulp in the form of thick paste fall into the conveying chamber, while the remaining melon rind and another part of the melon pulp attached to the melon rind cannot pass through the primary filter, but can only pass through the The waste outlet provided at the rear end of the primary mixing chamber is discharged. At the same time, the viscous melon pulp containing melon seeds entering the conveying chamber is conveyed by the second screw conveyor and falls into the secondary mixing chamber through the secondary feeding port. , because the plane of the second-stage agitator installed in the second-stage mixing chamber is inclined to the central axis of the fourth shaft, all the second-stage agitators have a conveying function similar to that of a screw conveyor. When the fourth After turning, during the rotation process, the shifting plate can stir and transport the mixture of melon pulp and melon seeds. During the stirring and conveying process of the secondary agitator, after filtering through the secondary filter, most of the remaining melons The pulp flows down through the secondary filter and falls out, while melon seeds and a very small part of the pulp will not pass through the secondary filter (the mesh number of the secondary filter is greater than that of the primary filter), and can only be picked up by the secondary filter. The first-stage agitator is transported to the discharge port, and then transported to the collecting hopper by the scraper conveyor. When the collecting hopper is full of melon seeds, the collecting hopper can be tilted manually to discharge the melon seeds. The invention has a reasonable structure, has the function of mechanized harvesting melon seeds, automatically gradually separates melon seeds from melon skin and melon pulp, saves manpower and material resources, improves the efficiency of melon seed harvesting and subsequent processing and production, and reduces the cost of melon seeds. harvesting costs.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is the overall structure (perspective) schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view structure schematic diagram (relative to Fig. 1) that cylinder of the present invention cooperates with comb;

Fig. 3 is the enlarged structure schematic diagram of core structure of the present invention (in Fig. 1 place A place rectangle frame);

Fig. 4 is the side view structure diagram of the overall structure part of the breaker of the present invention (relative to Fig. 1);

Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of primary agitator of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of conveying chamber (containing the second screw conveyer agitator) of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the secondary agitator of the present invention.

detailed description

A self-propelled melon seed harvester, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3, comprises a cabinet installed on a frame 4, a motor, a collecting hopper 9, a scraper conveyor 10, a cylindrical drum 1, a comb 3 and loose-leaf baffle plate 5, exhaust pipe 11, water tank 12, oil tank 13 and water storage bucket 14 that communicate with engine cylinder combustion chamber are installed at frame 4 rear portion, and steering wheel 7 is installed at frame 4 front portion and is positioned at its front The driver's seat 8 at the rear is equipped with walking wheels 33 at the bottom of the frame 4, and the rotatable cylindrical drum 1 is installed at the front end of the frame 4, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the fixed thorns on the drum 1 2 is driven by the rotating drum 1 and passes through the gap between the two adjacent rods 50 of the comb teeth 3 to surround the cylinder body of the drum 1 and arrange it on the outer cylinder wall. The comb teeth 3 above the drum 1 and The straight-line distance of the outer cylinder wall of the drum 1 is less than the length of the barb 2, and an upwardly open feed chute 60 and a loose-leaf baffle 5 are arranged at the rear and lower part of the lower part of the comb teeth 3, and the gap between the comb teeth 3 and the feed chute 60 The rear end of the loose-leaf baffle 5 is hinged on the top of the feeding trough 60 , and the front end of the loose-leaf baffle 5 is supported by the comb teeth 3 and overlapped on the comb teeth 3 , and is matched and touched with the comb teeth 3 . The first screw conveyor 6 is installed at the bottom, and the first screw conveyor 6 is located above the hinge point between the rear end of the loose-leaf baffle plate 5 and the top of the feeding chute 60, and the axial length of the first screw conveyor 6 and the feed chute 60 are in the axial direction. Direction is consistent, feed chute 60 is communicated with the pulverizing chamber 15 that is provided with in the cabinet through the feed opening 61 that is arranged on the cabinet box wall that is positioned at its rear, and pulverizer is installed in pulverizing chamber 15, and pulverizer is driven by first rotating shaft 16 Constituted with ring knives, the ring knives are composed of curved strip blades 17, and the curved strip blades 17 are arranged in a row around the circular cross section of the first rotating shaft 16 shaft body to form a row of ring knives on the same plane 34, each row of annular knife sets 34 is arranged along the axial direction of the first rotating shaft 16, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, the knife tip of each curved strip blade 17 is along the circular cross section of the first rotating shaft 16 Circumferentially arranged and its direction is consistent with respect to the circular cross-section of the first rotating shaft 16, the knife tip of each curved strip blade 17 surrounds the circular cross-section of the first rotating shaft 16, and can be directed clockwise or counterclockwise together Pointingly, the axial orthographic projection positions of all the curved strip blades 17 in the adjacent two rows of annular knife sets 34 arranged axially along the first rotating shaft 16 on the first rotating shaft 16 are staggered from each other, that is, along the first rotating shaft 16 The curved strip blades 17 arranged in the axial direction of a rotating shaft 16 are not in a straight line; the strip-shaped primary mixing chamber 19, conveying chamber 23 and secondary mixing chamber 29 are arranged in the cabinet below the crushing chamber 15. , the crushing chamber 15 communicates with the primary stirring chamber 19 through one end of the primary stirring chamber 19 through the primary feeding port 18, the primary stirring chamber 19 is provided with a primary stirrer, the primary stirrer is composed of a second rotating shaft 22 and a curved arm 21, and the curved arm 21 is formed by The curved bar body 210 and the linear bar body 220 in the same plane are connected as a whole, and the linear bar body 220 is affixed to the second rotating shaft 22 through one end of the curved bar body 210, and all the curved arms 21 are along the second axis. The axial arrangement of rotating shaft 22, as shown in Figure 1 and As shown in FIG. 5 , the plane where each bending arm 21 is located is at the same angle relative to the central axis of the second rotating shaft 22 . The axial orthographic positions on the top are staggered from each other, and the primary stirring chamber 19 communicates with the atmosphere through the waste material outlet 24 provided at the other end; A second screw conveyor is installed inside, and the second screw conveyor is composed of a third rotating shaft 25 and a screw blade 26 fixed on the third rotating shaft 25. The conveying chamber 23 passes through the secondary feeding port 32 and passes through the secondary mixing chamber. One end of 29 communicates with the secondary stirring chamber 29, and a secondary agitator is installed in the secondary stirring chamber 29. The secondary agitator is composed of a fourth rotating shaft 30 and a stirring plate 31, and the stirring plate 31 passes through its side plate edge Fixed on the fourth rotating shaft 30, the shifting plates 31 are arranged in a row around the circular cross-section of the fourth rotating shaft 30, and all the shifting plates 31 are arranged along the axial direction of the fourth rotating shaft 30, such as As shown in Figures 1 and 7, the plane where each shifting plate 31 is located has the same relative inclination angle to the central axis of the fourth rotating shaft 30, and the adjacent two rows of shifting plates 31 axially arranged along the fourth rotating shaft 30 Its axial orthographic positions on the fourth rotating shaft 30 are also staggered from each other. The secondary stirring chamber 29 is connected to the atmosphere through the secondary filter screen 28 provided at the bottom, and the other end of the secondary stirring chamber 29 is connected to the scraper through the discharge port 27. The inlet provided at the lower end of the conveyor 10, and the outlet at the upper end of the scraper conveyor 10 lead into the collecting hopper 9.

As shown in FIG. 6 , the cross-sectional shape of the delivery chamber 23 is an inverted cone, that is, a funnel shape.

Claims (2)

1. A self-propelled melon seed harvester, comprising a cabinet installed on the frame (4), a motor, a collecting hopper (9), a scraper conveyor (10) and a cylindrical drum (1), a comb Teeth (3) and loose-leaf baffles (5), exhaust pipes (11), water tanks (12), fuel tanks (13) and water storage barrels (14) connected to engine cylinder combustion chambers are installed at the rear of the frame (4) , a steering wheel (7) and a driver's seat (8) positioned directly behind it are installed at the front of the frame (4), and road wheels (33) are installed at the bottom of the frame (4). The rotatable cylindrical drum (1) Installed on the front end of the frame (4), the thorns (2) fixed on the drum (1) are driven by the rotating drum (1) and move along the comb teeth (3) between two adjacent rods (50) The gaps pass through to surround the cylinder of the drum (1) and arrange it on the outer cylinder wall in the circumferential direction, and the straight-line distance between the comb teeth (3) above the drum (1) and the outer cylinder wall of the drum (1) is less than the thorn ( 2) the length of comb tooth (3) bottom rear bottom is provided with feed groove (60) and loose-leaf baffle plate (5) open upwards, between comb tooth (3) and feed groove (60) Its rear end of the loose-leaf baffle (5) is hinged on the top of the feeding trough (60), and the front end of the loose-leaf baffle (5) is supported by the comb teeth (3) and lapped on the comb teeth (3), in the feed chute ( 60) The first screw conveyor (6) is installed at the inner bottom, and the first screw conveyor (6) is located above the hinge point between the rear end of the loose-leaf baffle (5) and the top of the feeding chute (60), and the first screw conveyor The axial direction of the rotating shaft of the device (6) is consistent with the length direction of the feeding chute (60), and the feeding chute (60) communicates with the crushing chamber provided in the cabinet through the feeding port (61) arranged on the cabinet wall located behind it (15), it is characterized in that: a pulverizer is installed in the crushing chamber (15), the pulverizer is made of a first rotating shaft (16) and a circular knife, and the circular knife is made of a curved strip blade (17), curved Shaped strip blades (17) are circumferentially arranged in a row around the circular cross-section of the first rotating shaft (16) shaft body to form a row of circular knife sets (34) on the same plane, and each row of circular knife sets (34) along the The axial arrangement of the first rotating shaft (16), the knife tip of each curved strip blade (17) is arranged along the circular cross-section of the first rotating shaft (16) and its direction is relative to the first rotating shaft (16) The circular cross-sections are all consistent, and all the curved strip blades (17) in the adjacent two rows of annular knife sets (34) axially arranged along the first rotating shaft (16) are on the first rotating shaft (16). The axial orthographic positions of the axial projections are staggered; the strip-shaped primary mixing chamber (19), conveying chamber (23) and secondary mixing chamber (29) are arranged in the cabinet below the crushing chamber (15), and the crushing chamber (15) communicate with the primary stirring chamber (19) through one end of the primary stirring chamber (19) through the primary feeding port (18), the primary stirring chamber (19) is provided with a primary stirrer, and the primary stirrer is formed by the second rotating shaft (22) With the curved arm (21), the curved arm (21) is formed by connecting the curved bar body (210) and the straight bar body (220) in the same plane, and the straight bar body (2 20) One end of the curved strip body (210) is affixed to the second rotating shaft (22), and all the bending arms (21) are arranged along the axial direction of the second rotating shaft (22), where each bending arm (21) is The relative inclination angles of the plane of the second rotating shaft (22) and the central axis of the second rotating shaft (22) are all the same, and the axes of the adjacent two curved arms (21) arranged axially along the second rotating shaft (22) Stagger each other to the positive projection position, communicate with the atmosphere at the primary stirring chamber (19) through the waste material outlet (24) provided at the other end; the primary stirring chamber (19) communicates with the conveying chamber ( 23), in the delivery chamber (23), the second screw conveyor is installed, and the delivery chamber (23) is connected to the secondary mixing chamber (29) through one end of the secondary mixing chamber (29) through the secondary feeding port (32). ), the secondary stirrer is installed in the secondary stirring chamber (29), the secondary stirrer is made of the fourth rotating shaft (30) and the material shifting plate (31), and the material stirring plate (31) passes through its side plate edge Fixed on the fourth rotating shaft (30), the shifting plates (31) are arranged in a row around the circular cross-section of the fourth rotating shaft (30), and all the shifting plates (31) are arranged along the fourth rotating shaft. For the axial arrangement of the rotating shaft (30), the angle of relative inclination between the plane where each shifting plate (31) is located and the central axis of the fourth rotating shaft (30) is the same. The axial orthographic positions of the adjacent two rows of shifting plates (31) on the fourth rotating shaft (30) are also staggered from each other, and the secondary mixing chamber (29) communicates with the atmosphere through the secondary filter screen (28) provided at its bottom. The other end of the secondary mixing chamber (29) communicates with the inlet provided at the lower end of the scraper conveyor (10) through the discharge port (27), and the outlet at the upper end of the scraper conveyor (10) leads into the collecting hopper (9). 2. The self-propelled melon seed harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross-sectional shape of the conveying chamber (23) is an inverted cone.