RU142728U1 - UNIVERSAL AUGER FEED GRINDER - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Universal auger feed chopper, comprising a hollow body with a loading funnel, a feeding screw installed in the cavity of the body, a chopping body made in the form of a knife, an unloading window covered by a deck, characterized in that each turn of the helicoid of the feeding screw is formed by two sickle-shaped knives, representing metal plates with cutting edges made on the end arcuate working face and on the outer periphery. 2. The universal auger feed chopper according to claim 1, characterized in that on the peripheral edge of the sickle-shaped knives and on their end arcuate working face, the sharpening of the cutting edge is made at an angle of not more than 20º.3. The universal screw feed chopper according to claim 1, characterized in that the knife for grinding grain and roughage is made in the form of 2 or 4 blade sickle-shaped metal plates with rounded ends, in the center of which a through hole is made. The universal screw feed chopper according to claim 1, characterized in that the knife for grinding grain and ears of corn is made in the form of 2 or 4 lobed metal plates of a rectilinear shape, in the center of which a through hole is made.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of processing agricultural products and can be used for grinding ears of corn, pumpkin, grain, roughage and root crops.

Known small-sized farm shredder-mixer of agricultural products, including a vertical shaft with knives fixed on it and a thrower with blades enclosed in a casing with contradictions, passing into the hopper, a loading tray in the form of sidewalls and a base, as well as an outlet pipe mass [1].

Known feed chopper-mixer, which includes a vertical cutting body located in the housing, is made in the form of a screw thread with cutting edges along its periphery, and a counter member covering the cutting body. At the same time, a screw working element with a tape screw and the directions of winding and rotation opposite to the cutting body is used as a counter element. [2].

However, the design solutions of known machines have low functionality and when grinding root crops, large losses of juice.

The claimed technical solution is aimed at use in small farms and farms with a small number of animals. The versatility of the claimed technical solution is achieved due to the simultaneous grinding of roughage, root crops, concentrated feed and ears of corn.

The prototype of the claimed technical solution is a universal screw-knife feed chopper [3].

This design contains a hollow cylinder with a loading funnel, a feeding screw, a grinding organ and an unloading window, overlapped deck. On the front of the helicoid of the feeding screw, knives for preliminary grinding of root crops are staggered.

However, with large sizes of the root crop, it is possible to jam it in the inter-turn space, which will lead to disruption of the technological process.

In addition, this installation does not allow to grind root crops.

The purpose of the claimed utility model is to expand the functionality of the chopper, reducing the loss of juice when grinding root crops.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the universal screw feed chopper, as well as the known one, contains a full housing with a loading funnel, a feeding screw installed in the cavity of the housing, a grinding organ made in the form of a knife, an unloading window, which is covered by a deck. In contrast to the known device, in the proposed feed chopper, each turn of the helicoid of the feed screw is formed by two sickle-shaped knives, which are metal plates, with cutting edges made on the end arched working face and the outer periphery. On the peripheral edge of the sickle-shaped knives and on their arcuate end working face, the sharpening of the cutting edge is made at an angle of not more than 20 degrees.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a frontal section of a universal screw feed chopper.

In FIG. 2 shows a section aa in FIG. one.

In FIG. 3 shows a knife for grinding coarse feed with a cross section BB.

In FIG. 4 shows a knife for grinding grain and ears of corn.

In FIG. 5 shows a separating plate with a cross-section GG.

The universal screw shredder contains a complete casing 1 with a loading funnel 2, a feeding screw 3, an unloading window 4, overlapped by a deck 5 made in the form of a removable separating plate and a grinding organ made in the form of a knife 7. In this case, each turn of the helicoid of the feeding screw 3 is formed two sickle-shaped knives 6 with cutting edges 9, made on the arcuate end face of the working face and on their outer periphery. Sharpening of the cutting edges 9 of each of the sickle-shaped knives 6 is made at an angle of not more than 20 degrees. Deck 5 is made in the form of a round separating plate with through holes of various sizes. The drive of the feed screw 3 and the grinding organ, made in the form of a knife 7, is carried out by means of a gearbox 10.

The knife 7 for grinding coarse feed is made in the form of 2 or 4-blade sickle-shaped metal plates with rounded ends, in the center of which a through hole is made (Fig. 3).

The knife 7 for grinding grain and ears of corn is made in the form of 2 or 4 lobed metal plates of a rectilinear shape, in the center of which a through hole is made (Fig. 4).

Universal screw feed chopper works as follows:

The root crop, coming from the hopper 2, to the feeding screw 3, where it falls under the action of two sickle-shaped knives 6 at the same time.

The process of destruction can be represented as the work of the wedge, the work of crushing and the work of breaking.

In general, the process of separating the first part of the root crop from the main one can be represented as follows:

- at the first moment, the point of both knives 6 “enter” the root and root crop body to a certain depth and experience the action of forces, while each point of the sickle-shaped knife 6 is different:

- one of the sickle-shaped knives 6 will generally play the role of the instantaneous center of rotation (fulcrum), and the other will squeeze the smaller part of the root crop from the large one, while rotating the root crop around the mentioned center; at the next moment, the same sickle-shaped knife 6 will advance into the partially rotated root crop and enter even deeper until the end of the destruction process;

- as a result of separation of part of the root crop from the main mass, the remaining part will change its position relative to the sickle-shaped knife 6 (due to rotation) and fall under the action of the following knives 6 through half a revolution and so on until acquiring sizes comparable to the dimensions of the auger channel.

Further, the material goes outside through the discharge window 4 and, if necessary, can be additionally crushed with a knife 7, while the degree of grinding is regulated by deck 5 with the corresponding largest through sector or the number of blades of the knife 7.

When grinding corn cobs of grain and roughage onto a shaft 8, a knife 7 with 2 or 4 rectilinear metal plates (Fig. 4) and deck 5 with through holes (Fig. 5) are installed, depending on the required grinding.

When grinding coarse feed, a knife 7 for grinding coarse feed is installed, made in the form of 2 or 4-blade sickle-shaped metal plates with rounded ends, in the center of which a through hole is made (Fig. 3).

Then the product loaded into the funnel 2 is fed forward by the feeding screw 3, approaching the discharge window 4, under the action of the rotating knives 7 fixed on the end of the shaft 8, the material is crushed and its further exit through the through holes of the deck 5 to the outside.

Information sources

1. A.S. 1831255 AZ of the USSR, MKI A01F 29/02, B02C 18/22. Small-sized farm shredder - mixer of agricultural products. / IN AND. Shipavalov, V.I. Krasnov, L.M. Beatman, Yu.S. Pleshakov, V.P. Tooth .; Publ. 07/30/1993. Bull. No. 28. 4 p.: Ill.

2. A.S. 2465764 RU, IPC A01F 29/00, B02c 18/08. Vertical auger chopper - feed mixer. / Goryunov S.V .; Claim November 2, 2010; Publ. 11/10/2012. Bull. No. 31. - 5 s; silt.

3. Utility Model Patent No. 118835 Universal auger-knife feed chopper. Novikov V.V., Zoteev V.S., Uspenskaya I.V., Mishanin A.L., Komlik I.P., Abramov Yu.V. Claim 03/11/2012; Publ. 08/10/2012. Bull. Number 22. - with: ill.

Claims (4)

1. A universal auger feed chopper, comprising a hollow body with a loading funnel, a feeding screw installed in the cavity of the body, a chopping body made in the form of a knife, an unloading window covered by a deck, characterized in that each coil of the helicoid of the feeding screw is formed by two sickle-shaped knives, representing metal plates with cutting edges made on the end arcuate working face and on the outer periphery. 2. The universal auger feed chopper according to claim 1, characterized in that on the peripheral edge of the sickle-shaped knives and on their end arcuate working face, the sharpening of the cutting edge is made at an angle of not more than 20º. 3. The universal screw feed chopper according to claim 1, characterized in that the knife for grinding grain and roughage is made in the form of 2 or 4 blade sickle-shaped metal plates with rounded ends, in the center of which a through hole is made. 4. The universal screw feed chopper according to claim 1, characterized in that the knife for grinding grain and ears of corn is made in the form of 2 or 4 blade metal plates of a rectilinear shape, in the center of which a through hole is made.

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