RU106522U1 - DEVICE FOR MECHANOTHERAPY - Google Patents

Abstract

 A device for mechanotherapy, including a frame, characterized in that it comprises a sliding frame with a seat, a back and a head restraint connected to the frame, pedals with belts, a motor with a switch connected to the gearbox, and gear flywheels connected by a chain to rotate the pedals.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to traumatology and orthopedics.

Known analogues of the proposed device: “Device for restoring mobility in the joints” (Zhilin V.I. Patent No. 2139701 dated 8/10/98; classes A61H 1/02; publication date 10/20/1999). The device comprises an electric drive, the housing of which is made in the form of a U-shaped frame, and has two output shafts located coaxially at the ends of the frame. In the middle part of the frame, with the help of adjusting and fixing elements, a support device for one of the adjacent segments forming the joint is attached. The second support device by means of a rotation transmission mechanism between the two axle shafts is connected to the output shafts of the gearbox. The device is compactly mounted directly on the patient’s arm or leg. Equipped with a control system. The device has additional electric drives for the development of joints in two planes or to reduce the load on the articular surfaces.

In the presence of an external fixation apparatus on the thigh, it is advisable to choose a leg lodgement, equipped with a foot lock with rolling supports, as a fixed support device. After fixing the lodgement on the shins of the patient, the screw is loosened and, by rotating the screw and moving the drive along the guides, the drive axis O-O and the joint axis are combined. The screw fixes the selected position of the device. Then, loosening the screws, select the desired length of the telescopic levers and fix them on the device. The length of the levers is fixed with screws. The device is ready to go. In this state, the couplings are disengaged, and the patient can make active, due to muscles, movements in the joint. When the control system is turned on, power is supplied to the position sensor of the drive output shafts, information from which on the amplitude values of movements in the joint is recorded by the control system and is used to automatically program the operation mode. In the same way, data are entered on the amplitude of passive (when an external force is applied) movements, speed depending on the bending angle in the joint, which eliminates accidental errors when using the device. At the end of the programming process, the device is put into operation. Information from the engine speed sensors and the position of the output shafts enters the control system, where control signals are generated for the engine, clutch and electromagnets. The operation of the device begins with the inclusion of couplings, then turns on the executive motor. The rotation of the output shafts of this engine through the gearboxes is transmitted to the output shafts of the drive, and then through the wings, guides, levers to the device, and leads to a change in the angle in the knee joint. The offset of the axis of the joint relative to the output shafts of the drive during operation of the device is compensated by the movement of the connecting rods in the wings and guides. While electromagnets do not participate in the work, the force acting on the articular surfaces (reaction force) from the torque developed by the device is determined by the degree of stiffness (resistance) of the joint itself. The control device generates a voltage on the electromagnets of such polarity that when bending the joint, the cores of the electromagnets push the connecting rods (compress the springs), and, conversely, when the joint is unbent, they are pulled in. Thus, the force created by electromagnets is directed against the reaction force in the joint and, compensating for it, partially or completely, relieves the joint, transferring the load to the external fixation apparatus, which in this case is coupled by forces.

During operation of the device, the patient’s lower leg is moved on a horizontal surface using rolling bearings.

Also known is a “Device for restoring the knee joint's working capacity” (Khazanov M.I .; Pilyugin G.V. RF Patent No. 2195912 by Application No. 20010118772/14 dated July 14, 2000; А61Н 1/02, А61Н 1/00; publication date 10.01 .2003), containing a chair for the patient, a lodgement for a sick lower leg. A mechanism for creating a metered load is attached to the chair. Using the handle for manual rotation of the drive connected to the gears, the patient independently sets the load. The gears are on the same axis with the crank disk with a variable eccentricity of the connecting rod to it. The connecting rod has openings for regulating the swing amplitude of the lower leg tray, pivotally connected to it. And the lodgement for the lower leg through the bracket is pivotally attached to the base of the chair.

The device is used as follows. The patient is seated in a chair and the thigh is fixed with a belt. The drumstick is placed on the lodgement and fixed with straps. For mechanotherapy of the knee joint, the required swing amplitude of the lodgement is pre-adjusted. To do this, the crank finger is rearranged on the disk, and the angular swing zone is set by rearranging the finger on the connecting rod. The patient rotates the handle by hand, setting in motion the mechanism for creating a metered load, thereby shaking the tool tray with an injured leg and developing the knee joint on its own.

The mechanism for creating a dosed load is mounted both on the right and on the left side of the chair, depending on the needs of the patient.

Criticism of analogues:

- when developing a knee joint, a necessary element is the presence of an external fixation apparatus on the thigh.

- analog devices consist of a large number of elements;

- designs are inconvenient in operation due to the large number of adjustable parameters;

- no operational reversal of the load is provided in case of pain;

- there is no engine, as a result of which the patient is forced to make additional efforts.

Prototype.

As a prototype taken "Device for the development of movements of the lower limb" (Gimmelfarb A. Patent No. 2102056, according to the application 96105922/14 of 03/14/1996; IPC A61H 1/02; publication date 01/20/1998), containing a housing consisting of covers with a longitudinal slot, bottom and walls around the perimeter. The proximal part of the lid has a sash. In the same department, a stand is fixedly fixed on the bottom of the case, on the top of which short pantograph rods are articulated. The remaining racks also form hinges on the tops, in which the long pantograph rods intersect. Between a stationary stand and an adjacent movable stand with the possibility of replacement from a set, a tared spring is installed. A biaxial hinge is mounted on the top of the movable distal strut, which protrudes through the slot outward, on which a footplate with fastening elements is placed. For all movable racks, the lower ends installed with the possibility of sliding along the bottom of the housing have a spherical shape. The eyes are installed on the body. The procedure for using the device is as follows. To strengthen the flexor-extensor muscles, the device is placed longitudinally on the patient’s bed with an emphasis on the headboard. Between the strut and the adjacent movable strut, a spring of predetermined stiffness is installed. The foot is fixed in the footrest by fastening elements. When pressing the foot on the foot, the pantograph moves apart, and a stretching spring creates a metered resistance. The return of the limb to its original position can be passive under the influence of a stretched spring) or active (by creating resistance to a compressing spring). To strengthen the adductor-abductor muscles, the body is installed across the bed, the footrest is rotated around the vertical axis of the hinge at 90 ° C, after which the body is fixed to the bed through the eyes with missing belts. Set the spring of the necessary stiffness, the foot is fixed in the foot. The patient removes the limb, loading abductors. The limb can be returned to its original position either passively or actively. There is a styling when the patient loads the adductors, bringing the allotted limb with overcoming the resistance of the springs. With all variants of using the device, as the muscles strengthen, the springs are replaced with more rigid springs from the set.

Criticism of the prototype:

- the design contains springs that enhance the axial load on the knee joint;

- the design involves placing the device in the patient’s bed and moving the device, depending on the loading of certain muscle groups. The patient is forced to take a certain forced position;

- while working with the device, it is necessary to use replaceable elements (springs), which complicates the work;

- a large number of nodes complicates the operation of the structure.

Purpose of utility model:

The aim of the proposed device is to simplify the design of the device by reducing the number of nodes and assemblies, and to provide direct transmission of torque from the engine to the lower limb by using a gear transmission.

The essence of the proposed utility model

The device proposed as a utility model is depicted in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, where

- Frame (Fig. 1 pos. 1; Fig. 2 pos. 1; Fig. 3 pos. 1; Fig. 4 pos. 1)

- Sliding frame (Fig. 1, pos. 2; Fig. 2, pos. 2)

- engine (Fig.4 pos.3)

- gearbox (figure 4, position 4)

- gear flywheel (figure 4, position 5)

- capacitor (figure 4, pos.6)

- wire (figure 1, position 7; figure 4, position 7)

- plug (figure 1, position 8; figure 4, position 8)

- lid (figure 1, position 9; figure 4, position 9)

- sleeve (figure 4, 10)

- axis (Fig. 4, item 11)

- finger (figure 1, item 12; figure 4, item 12)

- pedal (figure 1, position 13; figure 4, position 13)

- belt (figure 1, position 14; figure 4, position 14)

- gear flywheel (Fig. 1, pos. 15; Fig. 4, pos. 15)

- finger (Fig. 1, pos. 16; Fig. 4, pos. 16)

- pedal (figure 1, position 17; figure 4, position 17)

- belt (figure 1, pos. 18; figure 4, pos. 18)

- chain (figure 1, position 19; figure 4, position 19)

- emphasis (figure 2, pos. 20)

- pen (figure 2, item 21; figure 3. item 21)

- threaded rod (Fig.3, pos.22)

- seat (Fig. 1 item 23)

- back (Fig. 1, item 24)

- headrest (Fig. 1, item 25)

- switch (figure 1, position 26; figure 4, position 26)

Proposed as a utility model, "Device for mechanotherapy" consists of a frame (figure 1, position 1; figure 2, position 1; figure 3, position 1; figure 4, position 1) to which a sliding frame (figure 1, position 2; figure 2, position 2) and the engine (figure 4, position 3). The engine (figure 4, position 3) is connected to the gearbox (figure 4, position 4), a gear flywheel (figure 4, position 5) and a capacitor (figure 4, position 6). A wire is connected to the capacitor (Fig. 4, Pos. 6) (Fig. 1, Pos. 7; Fig. 4, Pos. 7) with a plug (Fig. 1, Pos. 8; Fig. 4, Pos. 8). The engine (figure 4, position 3) is closed by a cover (figure 1, position 9; figure 4, position 9). Also with the frame (figure 1, position 1; figure 2, position 1; figure 3, position 1; figure 4, position 1) connected to the sleeve (figure 4, position 10). Inside the sleeve (figure 4, position 10) is the axis (figure 4, position 11). A finger is attached to the axis (Fig. 1, Pos. 12; Fig. 4, Pos. 12) with a pedal (Fig. 1, Pos. 13; Fig. 4, Pos.13). A belt is attached to the pedal (Fig. 1, Pos. 13; Fig. 4, Pos. 13) (Fig. 1, Pos. 14; Fig. 4, Pos. 14). A gear flywheel is put on the axis (Fig. 1, pos. 15; Fig. 4, pos. 15). A finger is attached to the axis (Fig. 1, pos. 16; Fig. 4, pos. 16) with a pedal (Fig. 1, pos. 17; Fig. 4, pos. 17). A belt is attached to the pedal (Fig. 1, Pos. 17; Fig. 4, Pos. 17) (Fig. 1, Pos. 18; Fig. 4, Pos. 18). The gear flywheel (Fig. 4, pos. 5) is connected to the gear flywheel (Fig. 1, pos. 15; Fig. 4, pos. 15) by means of a chain (Fig. 1, pos. 19; Fig. 4, pos. 19 ) The sliding frame (figure 1, position 2; figure 2, position 2) contains a stop (figure 3, position 20) connected to the handle (figure 2, position 21; figure 3, position 21 ) by means of a threaded rod (Fig. 3, item 22). To the sliding frame (Fig. 1, Pos. 2; Fig. 2, Pos. 2) a seat is attached (Fig. 1, Pos. 23), a backrest (Fig. 1, Pos. 24) and a head restraint (Fig. 1, Pos. .25). With the wire (figure 1, item 7; figure 4, item 7) is connected to the switch (figure 1, item 26; figure 4, item 26).

An example of a specific application of the device: Before starting the procedure, the patient sits on the seat (figure 1, position 23), leans back (figure 1, position 24), resting his head on the headrest (figure 1, position 25). Then he places the foot of the right lower limb between the pedal (Fig. 1, pos. 13; Fig. 4, pos. 13) and the belt (Fig. 1, pos. 14; Fig. 4, pos. 14) and places the foot of the left lower limb between the pedal (figure 1, position 17; figure 4, position 17) and the belt (figure 1, position 18; figure 4, position 18). Next, the plug (Fig. 1, Pos. 8; Fig. 4, Pos. 8) is inserted into the socket and the engine is turned on (Fig. 4, Pos. 3) using a switch (Fig. 1, POS. 26; Fig. 4 , pos. 26). The rotation of the engine (Fig. 4, Pos. 3) is transmitted to the gearbox (Fig. 4, Pos. 4), the gear flywheel (Fig. 4, Pos. 5) of which transfers rotation to the gear flywheel (Fig. 1, Pos. 15; Fig. .4, pos.15), which rotates the axis (Fig.4, pos.11) with the pedal (Fig.1, pos.13; Fig.4, pos.13) and the pedal (Fig.1, pos.17; figure 4, pos.17). The duration of the procedure (passive movements in the knee joints, without axial load) depends on the severity of the pain syndrome and the number of procedures and is set individually for each patient. Cadence is 25 rpm. After the procedure, the device is turned off.

Features distinguishing from the prototype:

The proposed device differs from the prototype in the following:

- the device contains an engine that provides passive movements in the joints;

- the device contains a gearbox that transmits the rotation of the engine to the gear flywheel, with a decrease in speed;

- the device comprises a circuit that transmits torque from the gear flywheel to the gear flywheel connected to the pedals;

- the device contains pedals equipped with straps for fixing the feet;

- the device contains a seat, back and headrest, the position of which is adjusted taking into account the length of the lower limbs of the patient;

- the device contains a switch that closes the electrical circuit between the plug and the capacitor.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is the provision of passive movements in the knee joints without axial load. This device is designed to improve the nutrition of the hyaline cartilage of the knee joint of patients with gonarthrosis and undergoing surgery, through passive movements without axial load. The design provides a comfortable position of the patient (reclining) in the device. The design does not contain elements that create resistance and force the patient to increase the load on the knee joint. During operation, no additional elements are used that complicate the procedures. The device consists of a small number of nodes, which facilitates its manufacture.

Information taken into account:

- A device for restoring mobility in the joints (Zhilin V.I. Patent No. 2139701 dated 8/10/98; classes A61H 1/02; publication date 10/20/1999);

- A device for restoring the knee joint to working capacity (Khazanov M.I .; Pilyugin G.V. RF patent No. 2195912 for application No. 20010118772/14 dated July 14, 2000; А61Н 1/02, А61Н 1/00; publication date January 10, 2003) ;

- A device for developing movements of the lower limb (Gimmelfarb A.L. Patent No. 2102056, according to application 96105922/14 of 03/14/1996; patent classes A61H 1/02; publication date 01/20/1998) - prototype.

Claims (1)

A device for mechanotherapy, including a frame, characterized in that it comprises a sliding frame with a seat, a back and a head restraint connected to the frame, pedals with belts, a motor with a switch connected to the gearbox, and gear flywheels connected by a chain to rotate the pedals.