RU106501U1 - TECHNOLOGICAL COMPLEX FOR PLASTINATION OF ANATOMIC PREPARATIONS USING SILICONE RUBBER OF TECHNICAL PURPOSE - Google Patents

Abstract

 Technological complex for plastination of anatomical preparations, containing a device for impregnation (forced impregnation) of a preparation in a water bath, a dehydration device based on a dehydration chamber for dehydration in acetone, a container for fixing the manufactured anatomical preparation in a 10% solution of acid formalin, a freezer , characterized in that it contains an installation for long washing of the drug in running tap water, an installation for drying at room temperature under a ha goy, and the device for forced impregnation of the drug in a water bath is made on the basis of an induction hob, which allows maintaining a constant temperature of 60 ° C.

Description

Application area

The utility model relates to the field of medicine, in particular to the field of morphology, and can be used to plastinate anatomical preparations.

State of the art

Known methods of plastination of anatomical preparations using synthetic rubbers for technical purposes in the manufacture of polymer-containing anatomical preparations are two methods described below. The prior art known "METHOD OF POLYMERIC BALMING OF ANATOMIC DRUGS" (patent RU 2282354). A method for polymer embalming anatomical preparations is described, including tissue dehydration in chilled acetone, acetone replacement with siloxane rubber and vulcanization, characterized in that the siloxane rubber is vulcanized in anatomical preparations by irradiation with a total dose of more than 3 Mrad. The technical result is the use of this method in the work of anatomical laboratories for polymer embalming of anatomical preparations, as a result of which their strength is significantly increased and it becomes possible to store the preparations indefinitely in air.

The disadvantages of the METHOD FOR POLYMERIC BALMING OF ANATOMIC PREPARATIONS can be attributed to the fact that its implementation requires expensive equipment, such as:

- low temperature refrigeration unit, as the dehydration process - replacing water in an organ with an intermediate solvent (acetone) by this method, is carried out in chilled acetone at temperatures up to -25 ° C;

- a vacuum chamber, the process of impregnation - the replacement of acetone with a polymer in an organ is carried out at a pressure of 40-60 mm Hg;

- the radiation-chemical installation RXM-γ-20, where the preparation is subjected to γ-irradiation of more than 3 Mrad, for polymer vulcanization in the preparation.

In addition, the technological process is designed in such a way that laboratory personnel for the production of polymer-containing anatomical preparations are forced to constantly directly contact the above instruments and reagents, which entails the acquisition of a number of occupational diseases, and with prolonged contact, disability.

Also known from the prior art "METHOD OF PLASTINATION OF BIOLOGICAL OBJECTS" (patent RU 2282992). The invention relates to medicine, namely to anatomy. Variants of the method for plastination of biological objects are proposed, namely, in the first case, the object is fixed, dehydrated in 100% acetone, and the object is forced to be impregnated in a water bath at a temperature of 80-100 ° C with an object up to 4 cm thick three times in 3 hours each interval of 24 hours; with a thickness of 4 to 15 cm - 5 times, and with a thickness of 15 to 30 cm - 7-8 times, using a composition having the composition with the following ratio of components: silicone polymer SX 101 (transparent silicone sealant) - 3 parts; polyisoprene ready-made solution (rubber glue) - 2; white spirit - 1 part, while the volume of the composition is taken in a ratio of 10: 1 to the volume of the biological object, after which the object is wiped and dried, and in the second case, after dehydration, the biological object is first impregnated at room temperature with a 10% solution of celloidine in 100% acetone for 14 days, followed by removal of excess solution, and then forced impregnation in a water bath in the same way as in the first embodiment, but using the prepared solution of polyisoprene as the polymer material.

This solution is selected as a prototype.

METHOD OF PLASTINATION OF BIOLOGICAL OBJECTS is the closest in technology from known methods for the manufacture of polymer-containing anatomical preparations. However, the anatomical preparations obtained by this method do not preserve the natural volume (they are proportionally reduced in size) and the color of the organs (have a light gray tint). They have a pungent smell of solvent (white spirit), not weathering even during prolonged storage, the inhalation of vapors of which is not safe for health. In this connection, we can conclude that in this case, the reduction in the cost of the production process affected the quality of the result.

Effect: a utility model allows to obtain drugs that have all the main advantages of the platelets, have a significantly lower cost, due to lower costs of raw materials and eliminate the need to use expensive equipment; Also, the utility model provides the maximum reduction of occupational hazards for the personnel of their laboratories. As a result, it is possible to successfully use these drugs for practical classes, lectures, examinations, as well as in the museum exposition of the department.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a technological complex, where 1 is a container for fixing the manufactured anatomical preparation in a 10% solution of acid formalin, 2 is a unit for long-term washing of the drug in running tap water, 3 is a freezer, 4 is a device for dehydration, 5 - device (5) for forced impregnation of the drug in a water bath, 6 - installation for drying (6) at room temperature under draft.

Figure 2 shows a diagram of a device for dehydration based on a dehydration chamber - 7 for dehydration of the drug - 8 in acetone - 9, where 10 is a regenerator, 11 is a tank for draining fat, 12 is a tank for draining water.

Figure 3 shows a diagram of a device for impregnating (forced impregnation) of a preparation in a water bath, where 13 is a container for impregnation, 14 is a polymer, 15 is glass ceramics, 16 is the bottom of a dish made of a ferromagnet, 17 is a copper coil, 18 is magnetic field.

Utility Model Implementation

The claimed technical result is achieved due to the fact that the process does not use expensive and unsafe equipment in operation (low-temperature refrigeration unit, vacuum chamber, radiation-chemical installation RXM-γ-20), as well as by eliminating toxic compounds from the composition of the composite liquid substances.

Technological complex for plastination of anatomical preparations, containing (see Figure 1) a device (5) for impregnating (forced impregnation) of a preparation in a water bath, a dehydration device based on a dehydration chamber for dehydration in acetone (4), a container for fixing the manufactured anatomical preparation in a 10% solution of acid formalin (1), a freezer (3), characterized in that it contains a unit (2) for long-term washing of the drug in running tap water, a drying unit (6) at room temperature under the draft, and the device for forced impregnation of the drug in a water bath is made on the basis of an induction hob, which allows to maintain a constant temperature of 60 ° C.

Utility Model Implementation

The device for dehydration (see Figure 2) can be made on the basis of a dehydration chamber (7), which in an acetone solution (9) provides dehydration of the drug (8) by means of a regenerator (10) and containers for collecting fat (11) and water ( 12).

The device for impregnating the drug in a water bath is made on the basis of an induction hob, which allows to maintain a constant temperature of 60 ° C.

Such a device can be implemented using the example of the device shown in FIG. 3.

It uses a container for impregnation (13), the bottom of the dishes (16) which is made of a ferromagnet. Located under the glass-ceramic stove (15), a copper coil (17) forms a magnetic field (18), providing induction cooking.

As the installation (2) for long-term washing of the preparation in running tap water, for example, a flowing tap, a washing sink and a sewer for used water can be used.

As a unit for drying (6) at room temperature under draft, any fan heaters can be used.

The principle of operation of the technological complex is as follows. The produced anatomical preparation, after fixing in a 10% solution of acid formalin for 2 days, is washed in running tap water for 24 hours to remove residues of formalin from the tissues of the drug.

After washing in running water, the drug is placed in a freezer (-5 ° C) for 24 hours. This procedure aims to improve the subsequent diffusion of acetone and polymer into the anatomical preparation.

After secondary washing, dehydration is carried out in a 5-fold volume of acetone at room temperature + 20 ° C. In the first week, acetone is changed three times: after 24 hours, then twice every 72 hours. Dehydration is carried out until the water content in the preparation drops to 2% (the water content in acetone is measured with an acetometer with each change of acetone). To achieve complete dehydration of drugs, a 5-fold change of acetone is required with an interval of 1 week, starting from the 8th day.

A schematic representation of the processes of dehydration and impregnation is shown in Fig.2, 3.

After dehydration of the drug, forced impregnation is performed. The sample is placed in a silicone composite consisting of 2 parts: SKTN-A silicone rubber and Z6020 amide catalyst, so that the catalyst volume is 1% of the composite volume. The volume of the composite is taken in a ratio of 10: 1 to the volume of the biological object. Next, the container with the preparation in a silicone composite is placed on an induction hob allowing to maintain a constant temperature of 60 ° C. Acetone boils and is replaced by a polymer composite. Heating is carried out for 3 hours at intervals of 24 hours until the boiling of acetone ceases. Next, the drug is left in the polymer composite for another 24 hours at room temperature.

After forced impregnation, drying is carried out under traction at room temperature. Before drying, careful removal of polymer residues from the surface of the preparation is necessary. A gauze swab is used for this.

The following is an example illustrating the invention, but not limiting it.

Example

The manufactured anatomical preparation of an adult human heart weighing 255 g, after fixing in a 10% solution of acid formalin for 2 days, was washed in running tap water for 24 hours to remove residues of formalin from the tissues of the drug.

After washing in running water, the drug was placed in a freezer (-5 ° C) for 24 hours. This procedure was aimed at improving the subsequent diffusion of acetone and polymer into the anatomical preparation.

After secondary washing, dehydration was carried out in a 5-fold volume of acetone at room temperature + 20 ° C. In the first week, acetone is changed three times: after 24 hours, then twice every 72 hours. Dehydration is carried out until the water content in the preparation drops to 2% (the water content in acetone is measured with an acetometer with each change of acetone). To achieve complete dehydration of the preparations, a 5-fold change of acetone was carried out with an interval of 1 week, starting from the 8th day.

After dehydration of the drug, forced impregnation was performed. The sample was placed in a silicone composite consisting of 2 parts: SKTN-A silicone rubber and Z6020 amide catalyst, so that the volume of the catalyst was 1% of the volume of the composite. The volume of the composite was taken in a ratio of 10: 1 to the volume of the biological object. Next, the container with the preparation in a silicone composite was placed on an induction hob allowing to maintain a constant temperature of 60 ° C. Acetone boiled up and replaced with a polymer composite. Heating was carried out for 3 hours at intervals of 24 hours until the boiling of acetone ceased. Next, the drug was left in the polymer composite for another 24 hours at room temperature.

After forced impregnation, drying was carried out under traction at room temperature. Before drying, the polymer residues were thoroughly removed from the surface of the preparation with a gauze swab. Prior to the final solidification of the polymer, positioning was carried out (giving the preparation the necessary position).

In order to improve the plastination technology of anatomical preparations, we searched for new ways of preserving the preparations using synthetic rubbers for technical purposes. In recent years, at the Department of Human Anatomy, GOUVPO MGMSU of Roszdrav, several original technological processes and polymer compositions have been tried, improved and patented. As a result, we managed to find a compromise between the price and quality of the drugs received. Our preparations, possessing all the main advantages of laminates, have a significantly lower cost, due to lower costs of raw materials. They are successfully used for practical classes, lectures, examinations, as well as in the museum exposition of the department.

Preparations prepared on the basis of the technological complex have a number of main advantages compared to traditional anatomical preparations:

- Toxic preservatives and other unhealthy substances are removed from organs along with water. This makes plastinate preparations safe for health and makes it possible to handle them without protective clothing (bathrobe and gloves).

- Removing water stops the enzymatic reactions and the development of microorganisms, which prevents any changes in biological tissues. Therefore, laminated samples are odorless and do not deteriorate for many years.

- Replacing water with a chemically inert polymer makes it possible to store drugs in the air without re-treatment with preservatives and does not require the use of special containers and sealed containers.

- The strength and durability of plastinate samples is significantly higher than that of traditional anatomical preparations. That is why educational exhibits made by the method of polymer embalming have a long service life, are simple and convenient to use.

- The natural shape and color of the organs is preserved.

- Reducing the cost of drugs, due to the use of domestic silicone rubbers for industrial purposes in the process, and their durability can save a training budget.

Claims (1)

Technological complex for plastination of anatomical preparations, containing a device for impregnation (forced impregnation) of a preparation in a water bath, a dehydration device based on a dehydration chamber for dehydration in acetone, a container for fixing the manufactured anatomical preparation in a 10% solution of acid formalin, a freezer , characterized in that it contains an installation for long washing of the drug in running tap water, an installation for drying at room temperature under a ha goy, and the device for forced impregnation of the drug in a water bath is made on the basis of an induction hob, which allows maintaining a constant temperature of 60 ° C.