RU100403U1 - MEDICAL WASTE DISPOSAL - Google Patents

Abstract

 A medical waste disposal system including: an electric control panel, a temperature sensor, heating elements, a grinding chamber with knives mounted on a rotor in the lower part of the chamber on a vertical motor shaft, characterized in that the utilizer system further comprises a heat treatment cabinet made with rotating shafts and equipped with a cylindrical container with blades for mixing waste, mounted on the inner surface of the container, a grinding chamber, including th charging port, the feeding device consisting of a conical funnel and auger conduit for conveying particulate waste under the effect of centrifugal forces in the thermal treatment container cabinet, the recovery system also includes a weight sensor and the level of blocking operation shredding chamber.

Description

The utility model relates to means for thermal sterilization or disinfection of waste, in particular solid medical waste, in order to simultaneously achieve sterilization, physical modification, volume change, mass change.

In 1992, the Basel Conference identified 45 types of hazardous wastes, the list of which is revealed by clinical wastes. By 2005, according to generalized data, around 1.8 mln, which is approximately 300 kg per inhabitant of the planet, have accumulated in the world. Injection needles and syringes are particularly dangerous, since improper handling after use can lead to their reuse. The main criteria for choosing a disposal method and related equipment may include the following:

qualitative and quantitative composition of waste; safety and environmental friendliness of the method, the maximum reduction in the volume of waste at the outlet with their complete disinfection; the absolute impossibility of reusing the components of recyclable waste after treatment.

A device [1] is known for implementing a method for sterilizing infected waste, comprising a chamber with internal blades and a rotor with radial flat beams placed inside it in bearing supports. The rotor is made conical, its flat beats are placed between the blades of the chamber, and its shaft is made in the form of a conical tube having a taper inverse to the taper of the rotor, while the chamber is equipped with a breather configured to vent excess steam generated inside the chamber.

Known chopper [2], containing a detachable housing, a rotor, a shaft connected by a V-belt drive with a drive, fixed blade knives installed in the housing and rotating blade knives fixed in the rotor. A fan wheel is installed on the rotor shaft, and holes are made on the side of the detachable case adjacent to the fan case, connecting the crushing zone to the fan cavity.

Known utilizer, [3] containing an electric control panel, a filter unit for cleaning exhaust vapors, a packer of solid processed products, an exhaust fan, water supply valves, a temperature sensor, heating elements and a sterilization grinding chamber with a controlled airtight cover, a discharge pipe and with rotating horizontal cutters mounted in the lower part of the chamber on a vertical shaft connected to the rotor of a two-speed electric motor installed in one housing with a sterilization second grinding chamber and connected to the control panel.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that heating and grinding takes place in one housing due to friction at high speeds and by heating elements and does not ensure the complete destruction of infectious agents, which leads to soil pollution by the release of harmful substances into the environment (chlorides, sulfides, pathogens) under the influence of natural factors (sun, rain. snow). In addition, the above-described utilizer is energy intensive and very expensive to maintain. During the operation of the knives, plastic adheres to them and the knives must be cleaned. The utilizer has a large mass, and the use of a disinfectant increases the cost of waste treatment.

The objective of this technical solution is to create an inexpensive, economical, compact, and easy to maintain and operate device that provides 100% sterilization of medical waste, safety and complete disinfection, as well as the impossibility of further use of clinical waste (needles, syringes, etc. for the disposal of medical waste .

The problem is solved by constructive study of the components of the utilizer, united by the control panel into a single inextricable system.

Figure 1, Figure 2 shows a utilizer consisting of an electric control panel 1 connected to a grinding chamber 2 and a heat treatment cabinet 3, a grinding chamber 2, with a loading hatch 5, and a vertical rotor 8 with two pairs of knives 19, spaced apart in height . The grinding chamber also has a feeding device 20 located above the rotating knives, including a cone-shaped funnel 6, a screw 7, driven by a gear motor 21, an electric motor 9, a pipe 10, an unloading hatch 18, a weight sensor and a level sensor. 11. The utilizer is equipped with a heat treatment cabinet 3 with a temperature sensor 12, heating elements 14, two pairs of horizontally located rotating shafts 13, an electric drive 15. For waste, a cylindrical container (s) 4 with blades 17 and lids 16 fixed on the inner surface is provided.

The work of the medical waste utilizer The recycling process consists of successive steps: loading waste, grinding, heat treatment, unloading and sending solid household waste to landfills. The medical waste bags are loaded through the loading hatch 5 into the feeding device 20 of the grinding chamber 2. The engines 9 and 21, which rotate the screw 7, and the rotor 8 with knives 19, are started. After passing the medical waste bag through the cone-shaped funnel 6, the specified operating time of the grinding chamber and the lamp on the control panel 1 turns on. The discharge hatch 18 opens and the crushed waste is discharged into the container under the action of centrifugal forces 4. As the container fills, 4 actuation There are a weight sensor and a level sensor 11, which block the operation of the chopper. The filled garbage container is removed, closed by a lid 16 and mounted on the shafts 13 of the heat treatment cabinet 3. After pressing the "Start" button on the control panel 1, the heating elements 14 are turned on and the shafts 13 are rotated. The contents of the container are heated by convection of thermal radiation and mixing of the waste with blades 17 mounted on the inner surface of the container (ditch) 4. After reaching the set temperature, the heat treatment time is maintained (the temperature is kept constant), the container (s) is removed from the heat treatment cabinet and sent ( ) to landfills for solid household waste.

Grinding through the use of a feeder in the form of a screw with a cone-shaped funnel of the grinding chamber

as well as the subsequent heating of the crushed waste in a thermal cabinet with uniform mixing in special cylindrical containers with a lid and blades fixed on the inner surface, subject to the heat treatment regimes, they achieved a 100% guarantee of the safety of medical waste, which is confirmed by laboratory protocol No. P-14034 from 09/12/09, the Testing center of VGUZ "Center for hygiene and epidemiology of the Republic of Bashkortostan.

Benefits of the utility model:

reduction of financial costs up to 70%

- 100% medical waste safety guarantee,

- providing automatic control of temperature and cycle time;

- ensuring the safety of staff;

- does not require the construction of auxiliary facilities and additional communications;

- lack of side emissions polluting the environment;

- as a result of processing in the utilizer, medical waste becomes safe and can then be disposed of as household waste.

- the utilizer can be installed in any medical institution.

Information sources:

1. Device for the sterilization of infected waste RU 2339404 IPC A61L 11/00 from 06/13/2006

2. Chopper RU2104867 MPK В29В 17/00 from. 02/20/1998

3. Medical waste utilizer RU 83415 IPC F61L 11/00 - Prototype.

Claims (1)

A medical waste disposal system including: an electric control panel, a temperature sensor, heating elements, a grinding chamber with knives mounted on a rotor in the lower part of the chamber on a vertical electric motor shaft, characterized in that the utilizer system further comprises a heat treatment cabinet made with rotating shafts and equipped with a cylindrical container with blades for mixing waste, mounted on the inner surface of the container, a grinding chamber, including th charging port, the feeding device consisting of a conical funnel and auger conduit for conveying particulate waste under the effect of centrifugal forces in the thermal treatment container cabinet, the recovery system also includes a weight sensor and the level of blocking operation shredding chamber.