RO125068B1 - Process and installation for stimulating plant development in microwave field - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a process and an installation intended to stimulate the development of plants by applying a low power electromagnetic field, from the microwave field, modulated informationally. The invention is applied to stimulate plants from the germination phase to maturity. This process improves the growth rate of the plants and the content of specific proteins. Plants stimulated according to this process have specific characteristics after cessation of treatment and / or planting in electromagnetic polluted environment, developing also based on the absorption of electromagnetic smog.

The installation used consists of a microwave circuit that distributes a small density of microwave power, informationally modulated in the area where the plants undergoing stimulation according to the process of this invention.

In the field of plant stimulation, methods of electrical field stimulation (Kertz; M. Glen, Electronic stimulation of plants, United States Patent, 5,464,456, November 7,1995) or methods of acoustic stimulation (Brooks; Juliana HJ, et al., Methods for using acoustic resonant and / or resonant acousto-EM energy to detect and / or effect structures, United States Patent, 7,165,451, January 23, 2007). Methods of plant stimulation are also known by applying a short-term heat treatment to seeds, based on the absorption of power microwave radiation (Anna Aladjadjiyan, The use of physical methods for plant growing stimulation in BULGARIA, Journal of Central European Agriculture, Vol. .8 (2007) pp. 369-380). Power microwave radiation is also used to activate lighting systems in specific plants for plant cultivation (Graven; Robert E., Lighting system for use with a vertical growing column, United States Patent, 6,178,692, January 30, 2001) . These methods require specific conditions with additional energy consumption throughout the development of plants or can be applied only to certain plant species.

There are also microwave irradiation studies at low power (2.45 GHz) on a species of alfalfa (Alfalfa - Medicano sativa), which does not show any particular effect due to microwave radiation. Plants are irradiated for 7 weeks after reaching maturity in the laboratory for four months (J. W. Skiles, Plant response to microwaves at 2.45 Ghz, Acta Astronautica, 58, (2006), 258-263).

In the performed documentation, a process of plant stimulation was not identified, based on the absorption in plants of a low power microwave field, which is informationally modulated.

In a first embodiment, the process of stimulating the development of plants by applying a low power electromagnetic field, modulated informationally, according to the invention, consists in introducing the seeds of the plants in stimulation rooms, in vessels with specific nutrients, is ensured conditions of water supply and / or nutrients, subject the seeds of the plants to low power electromagnetic radiation, informationally modulated, measure the microwave power density at the seed level and ensure that it is within the preset limits, keep the stimulation regime with microwaves until the plants reach an optimal height for replanting in the natural environment, the plants are replanted in an electromagnetic polluted environment with identical information modulation and / and in the frequency spectrum with which the stimulation from the germination phase was performed.

In a second embodiment, the process of stimulating the development of plants by applying a low power electromagnetic field, modulated informationally, according to the invention, consists in the fact that the seeds of the plants are planted in the natural environment and the optimal conditions for germination and nutrition are ensured. , and in the seed planting area is ensured the equidistant distribution of passive or active retranslators so that the microwave power density at ground level is between 10 W / m ² and 10 mW / m ² .

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The installation for stimulating the development of plants by applying a low-power magnetic field, modulated informationally according to the invention, consists of the closed enclosure 1, which contains artificial light sources 9, the humidity transducer 15, the temperature sensor and humidity 6, camcorder 11, plant culture 3 and microwave generator 7 which emits via an electromagnetic field 8 antenna system 8 on plant culture 3 at a power level between 10 W / cm ² and 10 mW / cm ² , measured by the powermeter 13 with the probe 12 located in the area in which the plants 7 are subjected to stimulation, and which is connected to a system with microcontroller 5 and process computer 4 that can interconnect a network 14 of such enclosures. 9 In another embodiment, the plant for stimulating plant development by applying a low power electromagnetic field, modulated informationally according to the invention, consists of retranslators with broadband stimulation antennas 8a and ground fixing support 20 arranged in - a network that ensures microwave power density 13 between 10 W / m ² and 10 mW / m ² at the level of a plant culture 3a, in natural environment. 15

The use of microwave radiation to stimulate plants according to this invention has the following advantages: 17

- the process determines the stimulation of the plants based on the use of the background of electromagnetic pollution of the environment or of a similar radiation generated locally; 19

- stimulation has direct effects in increasing the rate of development of plants and the content of specific proteins, in comparison with reference plants; 21

- activates receptors in the plants stimulated during the germination period so that they are adapted for the consumption of an electromagnetic pollution waste present in the 23 industrial or urban environment;

- the stimulation plant can be a passive retranslator, without energy consumption, based only on specific microwave antennas, in a convenient arrangement;

- the category of stimulated plants includes: vegetables, mulch, corn, tree seedlings or 27 ornamental plants; no limitations are known in the applicability of the process;

- has indirect effect of reducing electromagnetic pollution. 29

The process according to this invention consists in exposing the plants to an informationally modulated microwave power density, distributed in the plant growth area. 31 The information modulation consists of a variation of amplitude, phase or frequency of microwave radiation, including in the category of communication protocols on microwave carriers 33. Plants can be stimulated with one or more information carrier frequencies in the microwave field. The level of microwave power density at the plant level is 35 small, below the limit of the specific standards governing communications on microwave carriers. Plants can be stimulated for a specific period of time, including their germination 37 or, as the case may be, throughout their development and maturity.

The installation used is a specific microwave circuit that emits and distributes a 39 small density of information microwave power modulated in the area where the plants undergoing stimulation are located. The installation may contain a microwave generator that will generate the required radiation or may be an active or passive retranslator that redistributes the microwave radiation existing in the environment, in the area where the plants under 43 stimulation are located. Statistics show that in urban and / or industrial environment there is a high density of polluting electromagnetic radiation, compared to the natural background and this radiation can be used 45 in the process and installation described by the present invention (Biological Effects of Radiofrequency and Microwave Radiation: Application, Hazards , and Safeguards by 47

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Wolfgang W. Scherer, Biological Effects of Radiofrequency Radiation (revised February 2, 1996)). The installation also includes the area in which the plants are located, an area that can be an open space (crop field) or closed (enclosure, greenhouse) and is characterized by a specific distribution of microwave density.

Fig. 1 and 2 are related to the justification of the stimulating effects of the plants according to the procedure, and fig. 3, 4 and 5 are related to two examples of the implementation of stimulation installations.

in FIG. 1 are presented comparatively, in graphs, the effects of stimulation on the morphological development in maize and bean plants; The graphs show the morphological development of the plants (epicotyl, hypocotyl, roots) expressed in cm, after 15 days of stimulation with microwave radiation and the comparison between reference and stimulated plants.

in FIG. 2 are presented comparatively, in graphs, the effects of stimulation on the protein content in maize and beans plants; The graphs show the content of soluble proteins expressed in micrograms to one gram of fresh plant, taken over a period of several days, after the plants have reached at least 5 cm and the comparison between reference plants REF1, those stimulated in MIC microwaves and reference is made. control REF.

in FIG. 3 is presented the block diagram of a variant of plant stimulation plant with microwave generator and treatment room.

in FIG. 4, the stimulation configuration using retranslators is presented. in FIG. 5 shows the configuration of a culture area in which the stimulation is carried out with retranslators.

In the following, there are presented two versions of the process of stimulating the development of low power microwave field plants and two examples of the installation for the application of this process.

Stimulation of plant growth is based on the absorption effect in plants of a low power microwave radiation, informationally modulated. The information modulation consists of a variation of amplitude, phase or frequency of microwave radiation, including in the category of communication protocols on microwave carriers of the DVBT, TV, GSM, Wl FI, WLAN, WIMAX type, in the frequency range (not exclusive). 300 MHz ... 6 GHz. Microwave power density at the plant level should be approximately in the range of: 10 W / m ² ... 1O mW / m ² .

in FIG. 1 are presented graphs showing the results of stimulation with microwave radiation on beans and corn plants for 15 days compared to reference plants grown under the same conditions, without being irradiated. The stimulation was performed with microwave radiation modulated according to the specific WLAN communication protocol, in the frequency band.

2.4 ... 2.49 GHz, at a plant power density of 70 mW / m ² . It is observed that the stimulated plants far outstrip the reference plants in the specific growth regions: epicotyl, hypocotyl, roots. Also, the content in specific proteins, expressed in milligrams per gram of fresh plant, is up to 15% higher in MIC-stimulated plants, both compared to the control references (REF - plants grown under natural conditions in the environment) as well as and with respect to references grown under the same conditions as stimulated plants, but not irradiated with REF1 microwave, as seen in fig. 2. Plants were harvested for analysis after exceeding 5 cm total height.

Under the specified conditions of microwave field application, a variant of the plant growth stimulation procedure includes the following steps (Procedure 1):

- the seeds of the plants are introduced in stimulation rooms, in vessels with specific nutrients, and conditions of water supply and / or nutrients are ensured;

- the microwave generator is started which emits low power microwave radiation, informationally modulated;

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- the microwave power density is measured at the seed level and it is ensured that 1 is within the specific limits necessary for stimulation;

- the microwave stimulation regime is maintained until the plants reach an optimum height 3 for replanting in the natural environment;

- with replanting in the natural environment, there are two options to continue the stimulation: 5

a) the plants are replanted in the environment, electromagnetically polluted with identical information modulation and / and in the frequency spectrum with which the stimulation from the germination phase was performed, 7 in which case the plants will carry out the microwave absorption process until they reach maturity; 9

b) the plants are replanted in the electromagnetic polluted environment, and in the area a number of passive or active retranslators are distributed, which further ensures the microwave power density at the level of the plants until their maturity.

Another variant of the plant growth stimulation process is based on the use of passive or active retranslators for microwave stimulation, starting from the germination phase and includes the following steps (Process 2): 15

- the seeds of the plants are planted in the natural environment and the optimal conditions for germination and nutrition are ensured; 17

- in the seed planting area, the equidistant distribution of a number of passive or active retranslators is ensured so that the microwave power density at level 19 of the soil is within the specific area of the process;

- in different phases of plant growth, check the power density at the average level of the plants and add, as the case may be, a number of retranslators.

In the following, there are presented two versions of the installation designed to stimulate the development of plants by applying a low power electromagnetic field in the microwave field, which is informationally modulated. 25 in FIG. 3 is presented the block diagram of a stimulation system with enclosure. Plants (seeds, growth seeds, germinated plants) with nutrient growth support and 27 water supply system 3 are located at the base of a closed enclosure 1 with walls lined with a material 2 that absorbs EM electromagnetic radiation in a wide band. of 29 frequencies. The role of the absorber is to create an area without microwave standing inside the enclosure and to isolate the enclosure electromagnetically from the outside. This 31 enclosure is similar to an anechoic chamber for microwave frequency spectrum. Plants are artificially illuminated from an LED system 9, powered externally from a 33 voltage source and current 10 controlled to perform a daylight cycle with a PC-compatible process computer 4. The temperature and indoor humidity are monitored. 35 with a specific sensor 6 via a microcontroller system 5 serial interface to the computer 4 where the measured data is stored. The microcontroller system maintains the constant traceability through the control element 15, in a network of similar enclosures 14, managed by the same process computer 4. Plant growth is tracked by a web cam - 39 cam 11 connected to the process computer 4. Microwave radiation is emitted by the microwave generator 7, a WLAN router managed by a wired LAN network, by the 41 process computer. 4. The router operates in WLAN protocol in wireless network query mode. The wireless router generator is connected with a coaxial microwave circuit to a 43 stimulation antenna 8 having a known gain. The microwave power level is determined based on the field density measurements made with microwave powermeter 45 13 and the field detector 12. The power density value at the plant level must be in the range of 10 W / m ^2. mW / m ² . 47

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The data presented in fig. 1 and 2 are obtained with a network of two such enclosures, the reference enclosure being not connected to the microwave generator.

In closed enclosures plants can be raised to the maximum seedling stage

15 ... 20 cm. With a similar facility were stimulated plants of beans, soy, corn, oats, thyme, seedlings, etc.

A second embodiment of the plant intended to stimulate plant growth is presented below in connection with FIG. 4 and 5. This is an installation to stimulate plant cultures in open space, constructively similar to a retranslator used in radio communications. In the case of a passive retranslator, the installation consists of a broadband reception antenna 16 that can receive the frequency spectrum generated by the main electromagnetic pollutants in the area where it is used located at a height Hr, a coaxial, bifilar or microwave circuit. single-wire 19 that carries the received microwave radiation at the plant level where it emits it through similar broadband antennas 8a disposed at a height Hd corresponding to the average level of the maturity height of the stimulated plants. This specific system of retranslator-stimulation plant is fixed by means of the fixing support 20 directly in the soil in which the plants 3a grow. By introducing into the receiving circuit, between the receiving antenna 16 and the transport circuit 19 of a broadband amplifier 17 similar to the antenna amplifiers, powered from a local power source (battery or low voltage DC network) 18, the installation is similar to an active radio-communications retranslator. The decision to amplify the received signal from ambient electromagnetic pollution is based on microwave power density measurements, made with powermeter 13 and detector 12. This installation, in its passive or active version 21, can be mounted on the surface on the surface. cultivated, as shown in FIG. 5. Thus, a basic stimulation cell can be created from four installations separated by a rectangular polygon of dimensions (I x m), which can be reproduced n times until the desired surface is covered with the prescribed stimulation microwave density. The sides of the base cell are established based on microwave power density measurements at the level of the stimulated plants. In the calculation of the surface with stimulated plants it is considered that a retranslator covers an area of (I x m), and a base stimulation cell an area of four times greater, 4 (l x m).

Enclosures with closed enclosures can also be created having a passive or active retranslator as a microwave generator, as near a cultivation surface with n retranslator activation cells a local generator emission station can be located in compliance with the regulatory requirements in force for frequency and density of ambient power.

For a practical application of plant stimulation on cultivated surface with plants, the following values can be considered: Hr = 1.5 m; Hd = 0.5 m; I = m = 0.3 m; as the receiving antenna 16 a dipole antenna λ / 2 in vertical polarization is used for the GSM bands of 0.9 GHz and 1.8 GHz; as a stimulation antenna 8a a dipole λ / 4 in horizontal polarization is used, on the same frequencies; the average value of microwave power density distribution at the soil or plant level can be 100 mW / m ² ; for the installation with active retranslator an external amplifier can be used in the GSM bands supplied from the battery or battery at 9 ... 12 V.

Claims (8)

1. Procedure to stimulate the development of plants by applying a low power magnetic field, modulated informationally, characterized by the fact that the seeds of the plants are introduced into stimulation enclosures, in vessels with specific nutrients, water supply conditions 5 are ensured. and / or nutrients, subject the seeds of the plants to low power electromagnetic radiation, informationally modulated, measure the power density of 7 microwaves at the seed level and ensure that they are within the predetermined limits, keep the microwave stimulation regime until the plants reach an optimum height for 9 replanting in the natural environment, the plants are replanted in an electromagnetic polluted environment with identical information modulation and / or in the frequency spectrum with which the stimulation from the germination phase was performed. 2. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the preset limits 13 of the microwave power density at the seed level are between 10 W / m ² and 10 mW / m ² . 15 3. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the plants are replanted in electromagnetic polluted environment, and in the planting area are distributed 17 passive or active retranslators that further ensure the microwave power density at the level of the plants until their maturity. 19 4. Procedure to stimulate the development of plants by applying a low power electromagnetic field, modulated informationally, characterized in that the seeds of 21 plants are planted in natural environment and the optimal conditions for germination and nutrition are ensured, and in the seed planting area, ensures the equidistant distribution of 23 passive or active retranslators so that the microwave power density at ground level is between 10 W / m ² and 10 mW / m ² . 25 5. Plant for stimulating the development of plants by applying a low power electromagnetic field, modulated informationally, characterized in that it is made up 27 of the enclosure (1) which contains artificial light sources (9), humidity transducer (15), sensor temperature and humidity (6), video camera (11), plant culture (3) and 29 microwave generator (7) which emits via an antenna system (8) electromagnetic field on plant culture (3) at a power level between 10 W / cm ² and 31 10m W / cm ² , measured by the powermeter (13) with the probe (12) located in the area where the plants undergoing stimulation are located, and which is connected to a microcontroller system ( 5) and 33 process computer (4) that can interconnect a network (14) of such enclosures. 6. An installation according to claim 5, characterized in that the 35 microwave generator is replaced by an active retranslator, consisting of a receiver consisting of a broadband antenna (16), a broadband amplifier (17) connected to the system 37 Antenna radiator (8) or a passive retranslator, consisting of a receiver consisting of a broadband antenna (16) and a broadband amplifier (17), connected to the 39 radiant antenna system (8). 7. Plant for stimulating the development of plants by applying a low power magnetic field, modulated informationally, characterized by the fact that it consists of retranslators with broadband stimulation antennas (8a) and ground fixing support (20), 43 arranged in a network that ensures the microwave power density between 10 W / m ² and 10 mW / m ² at the level of a plant culture (3a) in the natural environment. 45 8. An installation according to claim 7, characterized in that, in addition to the retranslators, it further comprises an emission system composed of a microwave generator and an antenna that emits electromagnetic field in the culture area (3a).