RO119208B1

RO119208B1 - Process for opening fields from hill base by open workings

Info

Publication number: RO119208B1
Application number: ROA200201455A
Authority: RO
Inventors: Constantin Predoiu; Dumitru UNGUREANU; Tiberiu Trotea; Petre Ceauşescu
Original assignee: Compania Naţională A Lignitului Oltenia
Priority date: 2002-11-13
Filing date: 2002-11-13
Publication date: 2004-05-28

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for opening a field at the hill base by open working, used for open pit-mining a lignite field. According to the invention, the process for opening the fields at the hill base by open working, consists in that, by reaching a hill versant, at the pit base, there is carried out a route (c), made as a high-capacity excavator (1) advances, this route (c) being arranged in the lateral side of the pit, on level curves and inclined planes. Upon reaching some previously established levels of mining stages, the same excavator (1) carries out some circulating platforms (11) until there is performed a final platform (12), which is at the highest stage of the hill, afterwards there is excavated the last block of the hill (13) and, successively, each lower stage of sterile (9, 8, 7 and 6) by the successive descending of the excavator (1) on the circulating platforms (11) carried out upon climbing, until the volumes thereof are exhausted, afterwards there being performed the outcroppig of the lignite layers (a and b) by the open mining processes, known per se.

Description

Invenția se referă la un procedeu pentru deschiderea prin lucrări miniere la zi a zăcămintelor aflate la baza colinelor, utilizat pentru exploatarea zăcămintelor de lignit în carieră.The invention relates to a process for opening through daily mining works of the deposits at the base of the hills, used for the exploitation of the lignite deposits in the quarry.

Este cunoscut un procedeu de exploatare a căbunelui în carieră, ce constă în exploatarea concomitentă a stratelor prin cuprinderea acestora în două până la trei trepte de exploatare, în cadrul cărora este desfășurat un front de lucru de cca 40-50cm, ce avansează pe direcție, cărbunele extras cu excavatoare fiind deversat continuu pe o bandă de transport înclinată și comună pentru toate treptele din care se extrage cărbunele.It is known a process for the exploitation of coal in the quarry, which consists in the simultaneous exploitation of the layers by including them in two to three operating stages, during which a working front of about 40-50 cm is developed, which advances in the direction, the coal extracted with excavators being continuously spilled on an inclined and common conveyor belt for all the stages from which the coal is extracted.

Toate treptele frontului de lucru avansează concomitent pe direcție și în același sens, iar intercalațiile sterile sunt excavate în urma frontului de cărbune, materialul respectiv fiind depozitat direct în spațiul exploatat.All the steps of the working front are advancing simultaneously in the same direction and in the same direction, and the sterile intercalations are excavated following the coal front, the respective material being deposited directly in the exploited space.

Procedeul pentru deschiderea prin lucrări miniere la zi a zăcămintelor aflate la baza colinelor asigură atacarea versanților colinelor prin pregătirea cu aceleași excavator de mare capacitate, a traseului de vehiculare până în vârful colinei, precum și pregătirea platformelor de vehiculare pentru excavarea propriu-zisă și deschiderea prin exteriorul colinei a straturilor de lignit este caracterizat prin aceea că, la atingerea versantului unei coline, de la baza carierei se execută un traseu realizat pe măsura înaintării sale cu un excavator de mare capacitate, traseu amenajat în lateralul carierei, pe curbe de nivel și plane înclinate și la atingerea unor cote ale unor trepte de exploatare, anterior stabilite, același excavator execută niște platforme de vehiculare până la execuția unei platforme finale, aflată la cea mai înaltă treaptă a colinei, după care se excavează ultimul bloc al colinei și, succesiv, fiecare treaptă de steril inferioară, prin coborârea succesivă a excavatorului de mare capacitate pe platformele de vehiculare executate la urcare, până la epuizarea volumelor acestora, după care se realizează descoperirea straturilor de lignit, prin procedee de exploatare la zi, în sine cunoscute.The process for opening by mining works the deposits at the base of the hills ensures the attack of the slopes of the hills by preparing with the same high capacity excavator, the vehicle route to the top of the hill, as well as preparing the vehicle platforms for the excavation itself and the opening by the outside of the hill of the lignite layers is characterized by the fact that, on reaching the slope of a hill, from the base of the quarry, a route is executed according to its progression with a large capacity excavator, route arranged along the side of the quarry, on level and flat curves also inclined to reach quotas of some operating stages, previously established, the same excavator executes some platforms of vehicles until the execution of a final platform, located at the highest level of the hill, after which the last block of the hill is excavated and, successively, each lower tailings step, pr in the successive descent of the excavator of high capacity on the platforms of vehicles executed during the ascent, until the exhaustion of their volumes, after which the discovery of the lignite layers is realized, by means of up-to-date exploitation processes, in themselves known.

Prin aplicarea invenției, se obțin următoarele avantaje:By applying the invention, the following advantages are obtained:

- realizarea unor viteze mari de avans și a unor producții mari în același timp cu obținerea unor costuri mici;- achieving high feed rates and high production while achieving low costs;

- reducerea numărului de operații tehnologice de ripare ale transporturilor de front;- reducing the number of technological repairs for front-line transport;

- reducerea complexității echipamentelor de excavare și transport în treptele superioare.- reducing the complexity of excavation and transport equipment in the upper levels.

Se dă, în continuare, un exemplu de realizare în legătură și cu figura care reprezintă o secțiune printr-un zăcământ situat la baza unei coline, cu reprezentarea fazelor procedeului pentru deschiderea zăcămintelor, conform invenției.The following is an example of an embodiment in connection with the figure representing a section through a deposit located at the base of a hill, with the representation of the phases of the process for opening the deposits, according to the invention.

Procedeul pentru deschiderea prin lucrări miniere la zi a zăcămintelor aflate la baza colinelor, conform invenției, constă în săparea la nivelul carierei cu un excavator 1, la nivelul unui strat a de lignit de la baza colinei o treaptă de steril care este împărțită în niște blocuri paralele 2, 3 și 4, care ating în înălțime partea inferioară a unui alt strat b, de lignit, aflat la partea superioară a primului strat a. Cu excavatorul 1, de mare capacitate, se execută un traseu c, în lateralul carierei, pe curbe de nivel și plane înclinate, pe care avansează excavatorul 1 spre niște trepte de steril 6,7, 8 și 9, superioare.The process for opening through daily mining works of the deposits at the base of the hills, according to the invention, consists of excavating at the level of the quarry with an excavator 1, at the level of a layer of lignite from the base of the hill a tailings step which is divided into blocks. parallels 2, 3 and 4, which reach in height the lower part of another layer b, of lignite, located at the top of the first layer a. With the excavator 1, of high capacity, a path c is executed, on the side of the quarry, on level curves and inclined planes, on which the excavator 1 advances towards some sterile steps 6,7, 8 and 9, higher.

Executarea traseului c se face în mai multe faze corespunzătoare caracteristicilor geo-mecanice ale solului și, la atingerea unor cote anterior stabilite, se realizează niște platforme de vehiculare 11, până la crearea unei platforme de vehiculare 12, finală, aflată la cea mai înaltă treaptă a colinei.The execution of the route c is carried out in several phases corresponding to the geo-mechanical characteristics of the soil and, at reaching previously established quotas, it is realized some vehicle platforms 11, until the creation of a final vehicle platform 12, located at the highest level. of the hill.

Pe această ultimă platformă de vehiculare 12, cu excavatorul 1 se excavează un ultim bloc 13, al colinei, asimilat ca volum cu volumul unui con, sterilul fiind depus pe transportorul de mare capacitate al excavatorului 1, după care excavatorul 1 coboară spre platforma de vehiculare 11 inferioară, creată la urcare. Treptele de steril 9,8,7 și 6 se excavează pânăOn this last vehicle platform 12, with the excavator 1 is excavated a last block 13, of the hill, assimilated as volume with the volume of a cone, the tailings being deposited on the high capacity conveyor of the excavator 1, after which the excavator 1 descends to the vehicle platform. 11 lower, created during the climb. The tailings steps 9,8,7 and 6 are dug up

RO 119208 Β1 la epuizarea volumelor lor, fiind asimilate fiecare cu un trunchi de con. Se excavează, în continuare, stratul de lignit b și a cu un alt excavator 5. Fiecare treaptă de steril 6, 7, 8, și 50 9 se excavează împărțind-o în blocuri paralele 2, 3 și 4 și excavând blocurile după metode cunoscute și pe măsură ce sunt eliberate de realizarea traseului c, de către excavatorul 1, vitezele celor două excavatoare 1 și 5 fiind corelate astfel, încât timpul de excavare să fie eficient.EN 119208 Β1 when their volumes are exhausted, each being assimilated with a cone trunk. The lignite layer b and a are then excavated with another excavator 5. Each step of tailings 6, 7, 8, and 50 9 is excavated by dividing it into parallel blocks 2, 3 and 4 and excavating the blocks according to known methods. and as they are released by the completion of route c, by excavator 1, the speeds of the two excavators 1 and 5 are correlated so that the excavation time is efficient.

Claims

Claim

Procedure for the opening by mining works of the deposits located at the base of the hills, which consists in the successive exploitation of the steps of tailings, in parallel blocks, using high capacity excavators, characterized in that, when dyeing the slope of a 60 hills, from the base a career (c) is performed on the course of its career with a excavator (1) of high capacity, the route (c) being arranged on the side of the quarry, on level curves and inclined planes and, on reaching levels of some steps. exploitation (6, 7, 8, 9), previously established, the same excavator (1) executes vehicle platforms (11) until the execution of a final platform (12), located at the highest level of the hill, after which 65 excavates the last block of the hill (13) and, successively, each lower litter (9, 8, 7, and 6), by successively lowering the excavator (1) of high capacity on the vehicle platforms (11). take you to the climb, until the exhaustion of their volumes, after which the lignite layers (a and b) are discovered by means of up-to-date exploitation processes, known in themselves. 70