PT885341E - APPLIANCE FOR SMOKE EVACUATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention realizes an apparatus for smoke evacuation (1) comprising: a basement (2) which defines an opening (3) made in a building; a cover (4) co-operating in opening and closing actions with said basement (2); moving means (6) for the rotation of said cover (4); hooking means (7) suited to block said cover (4) in the closing position; a mechanical lock (8) suited to block said cover (4) in position of maximum opening; a release device (150) which through remote control means, releases said mechanical lock (8), before that said moving means (6) begin the closing of said cover (4).

Description

85 390 ΕΡ 0 885 341 / EN

DESCRIPTION

The present invention relates to an apparatus for the evacuation of smoke to be used for the sweeping of the smoke and the heat of the divisions of a building in the event of a fire. It is known that current safety standards prescribe that the building must be provided with a suitable smoke and heat evacuation apparatus which, in the event of a fire, automatically triggers in order to transfer combustion products to the exterior, these can spread inside the building.

These smoke evacuation apparatuses substantially consist of a lid which through one or more of the hinges is connected to a base, which defines an opening made in the structure of the building, connecting one or more rooms to the outside environment. The cover is mechanically attached to suitable moving means for opening and closing the same by rotation about said one or more hinges, which connect it to the frame. In particular, said movement means consist of a pivoting device and a pneumatic cylinder, which is fed with an inert gas, preferably CO2, when suitable probes detect a temperature increase above the previously fixed limit or the presence of fumes in the environment.

The above safety standards even define that the apparatus for the evacuation of smoke must be provided with hook elements, which immobilize the lid when it reaches the maximum opening position, to prevent it from being accidentally closed again. DE-U-83.02.361 discloses an apparatus belonging to the prior art which is provided with mechanical means preventing closure of the cap by acting on the pneumatic cylinder. These executive systems, even if they have substantially effective operation, are not, moreover, approved by the current rules, which absolutely exclude the means of

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such as those that prevent the accidental closure of the cap, acting on the pneumatic cylinder, which is responsible for the operation of the system. Accordingly, such smoke evacuation apparatus having such devices should not be considered within the standards.

Other apparatuses are provided with mechanical means, which firmly lock the lid, when in the position of maximum opening, securing it to the base or the structure of the building.

Such apparatus for smoke evacuation results, according to the law, because the possibility of an accidental closure of the lid is excluded and it is necessary for an operator to intervene physically to remove the mechanical means blocking it. Of course, according to what has been said, the known smoke evacuation apparatus which can not be opened and closed easily and quickly by means of a remote control can not be used as an aerator. In order that a smoke evacuation apparatus may be opened and closed at a distance, it is mandatory that it has been provided with suitable means which, prior to the commencement of closure of the lid, provide for the remote removal of the mechanical locking device, which locks the lid in the maximum opening position. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a smoke evacuation apparatus, which is provided with devices for remote removal of the mechanical locking device, which avoids accidental closure of the cap when it is in its maximum opening position. Said purpose is achieved by the provision of a smoke evacuation apparatus which, according to the main claim, comprises: a base, which defines an opening made in the building structure, suitable to connect one or more rooms to the environment exterior;

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- a cover, cooperating with said base through one or more hinges, during opening and closing; - movement means, suitable for rotating said cap about said one or more hinges, to obtain the opening and closing of said apparatus; - hook means, suitable for locking said cap in the closed position with respect to said base; - at least one mechanical locking device suitable for locking said cap when it reaches the maximum opening position, and is characterized in that it comprises at least one releasing device, suitable for removing said mechanical locking device, with which it cooperates, before said moving means initiates the closing of said cap, being provided with remote control means, suitable for driving said at least one release device and said movement means.

According to a preferred embodiment, the cap of the apparatus is constituted by a metal frame, attached to a rim fixed in said base, which supports a small transparent dome, suitable to allow clarity within the partition. The release device and the lid movement means are both remotely driven by control means.

Advantageously, since the mechanical locking device of the cover in the maximum opening position is removable from a distance, the apparatus can even be used as an aerator to provide air changes.

The foregoing purposes and advantages will be better evidenced during the description of a preferred embodiment of the invention, given by way of indication and not limitation and represented in the accompanying drawings, in which:

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FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 shows the axonometric view of the apparatus for evacuating smoke, according to the invention, set in the open position; FIG. 2 shows the apparatus for the evacuation of smoke according to the invention with the cover put in the closed position; FIGS. 3 and 4 show the apparatus according to the invention during the opening, the cap being in two different positions; FIG. 5 shows the apparatus according to the invention in the fully open position; FIG. 6 shows the details of the mechanical locking system of the cap in the position just prior to the full opening of the cap; FIG. 7 shows details of the mechanical locking system when the cover is fully open; FIG. 8 shows the front view of the mechanical locking device of the cap in the position of FIG. 7; FIG. 9 shows the front view of the mechanical locking device of the cap in the position of FIG. 8; FIG. 10 shows the front view of the mechanical locking device of the cap, shown in FIG. 9 in the position it assumes as soon as it is removed by the releasing device; FIG. 11 shows details of the pressurized fluid feed lines of the pneumatic cylinders for movement of the cap and for releasing the mechanical locking device; FIG. 12 shows an axonometric view of the details of the hook means and of releasing the cap from the rim; FIG. 13 shows the side view of the detail of the hook and lid release means, shown in FIG. 12;

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ΕΡ 0 885 341 / EN 5 FIG. 14 shows the side view of the cap secured to the rim by said hook and release means.

As can be seen in FIG. 1, the apparatus for the evacuation of smoke according to the invention, indicated as a whole by 1, comprises: - a base 2, defining an opening 3 made in the building structure, and connecting one or more rooms to the external environment ; - a ring 120 fixed in said base in correspondence with the perimeter; - a lid, indicated as a whole by 4, delimited by a frame 140, connected around the perimeter to said ring 120 by means of hinges 5; - movement means, indicated as a whole by 6, suitable for rotating said cap 4 about said hinges 5 to obtain the opening and closing of said apparatus and therefore of aperture 3 ;. - hook means, indicated as a whole by 7, some belonging to the cover frame 140 and some to the rim 120 suitable for locking said cover 4 while closed against said ring 120, suitable for blocking said cover 4 while the same date against said ring 120. In particular, it can be seen in FIGS. 6 to 10 that said apparatus 1 is provided with a mechanical locking device, indicated as a whole by 8, included in the movement means 6, which are used to lock the cap 4 when it reaches the position of maximum opening, indicated in FIGS. 5 and 7, so that it can not be accidentally closed, for example because of wind.

With respect to the movement for opening and closing said cap 4, the movement means, indicated as a whole by 6, comprises a hinged joint 160 composed of a plurality of pairs of bars placed side by side two-a two and a pneumatic actuator, indicated as a whole by 260, wherein said hinged joint and said pneumatic actuator are connected together and are positioned between said ring 120, said base 2 and said cap 4. In particular , as can be seen in FIGS. 2 to 5, said linkage 160 comprises:

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A first pair of bars 360, each having a fulcrum connection at one end 361 to said base 2 and another corresponding fulcrum connection at the other end 362 to the body 261 of said actuator 260; the end 262 of the rod 263 of said actuator 260 having instead a fulcrum connection to a crosspiece 42, belonging to the frame 140 of said cap 4; - a second pair of bars 460 each having a fulcrum connection at one end 461 to said transverse piece 42 of said cap 4 and another fulcrum connection at the opposite end 462 to the corresponding end 561 of a corresponding bar belonging to a third pair of bars 560 each having a fulcrum connection at the opposing end 562 to said base 2, in correspondence of the same position in which the end 361 of the corresponding bar of said first pair of bars 360 has a fulcrum connection; - a fourth pair of bars 660 each having a fulcrum connection at one end 661 to an intermediate point of the corresponding bar of said second pair of bars 460 and the opposite end 662 having a fulcrum connection at an intermediate point of the corresponding bar of said first pair of bars 360.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, when the lid is closed, it is locked in the base 2 through the aforementioned hook means 7, which, as can be seen in FIGS. 12, 13 and 14, comprise a pair of nozzles 71, attached to the ends of a rod 72, positioned transversely on the cap 4, each of which engages a corresponding stop 78, which belongs to the ring 140. The rod 72 is supported by a pair of end brackets 73 and is provided with a protruding element 74, moved in a substantially central position. Said protruding element 74 is connected by means of a rod 75 to a lever 76 having a fulcrum connection to a support 77 fixed in the transverse part 42 of the cap and is also connected to the end 262 of the rod 263 of the actuator 260 .

Referring to the pneumatic cylinder 260, noting FIGS. 1 and 8 it can be noted that the feed path 461 of its positive chamber is connected through a first tubing 269 to a first manifold 264, while the feed path 561 of its negative chamber is connected through a

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second tubing 369 to a second manifold 364. Said manifolds 264 and 364 are connected, respectively, by quick connections 268 and 368 to a distribution center, not shown in the drawings, which through first distribution means, which do not are shown in the drawings, is fed with CO2 under pressure.

In the event of a fire, special probes placed in the partitions intervene in said distribution means to allow the C02 to run in the first distributor 269 which, via said first tubing 264 and through the path 461, feeds the positive chamber of the pneumatic cylinder 260, causing the outlet of the rod 263 and thus the opening of the cap 4. In fact, as soon as the rod begins to move, its end 262 through the lever 76, the rod 75 and the rod 72 releases the nozzles 71 from the stop and the lifting of the cap 4 is initiated by the thrust of the hinged joint 160. The thrust of the pneumatic cylinder and the rotation 161 counterclockwise 161 of the hinged joint 160 causes the cap to assume all positions shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 until reaching the maximum opening position, shown in FIG. 5 in which the mechanical locking device, as indicated as a whole by 8, intervenes, which locks the cap in the reached position.

In particular, it can be seen in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 that this mechanical locking device 8 comprises a rod 81 which has a fulcrum attachment 82 in correspondence with the end 83 of the cap part 42 by means of a stud 82. The opposing end 84 of the rod 81, on the other hand, is free, and when the cap is in the full-open position, as shown in FIG. 7, it instead falls against a holding element 85, fixed to the base 2. More precisely, said holding element is the yoke 85, in which is fixed the end 91 of a damper 9, the opposite end of which 92 has a fulcrum connection to said first bars 360 by means of a stud 93.

It should be understood that the mechanical locking device 8 prevents rotation of the cap 4 around the hinges 5 and therefore prevents its accidental closure as provided by the safety standards.

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In order to be able to repeatedly open and close the apparatus from a remote location for the purpose of using it as a common aerator, it is necessary that the mechanical locking device 8 can be removed remotely and that the pneumatic cylinder 260 can even be supplied with compressed air as well as CO2.

To this end, the same dispensing system to which said dispensers 264 and 364 are connected through second dispensing means not shown in the drawings is also fed by a compressed air distribution system. The end 84 of the bar 81 has an L-shaped appendage, shown in more detail in FIGS. 8, 9 and 10, against which at least one locking device 150 cooperates and which includes an actuator 100, fixed to the base 2, provided with a rod 101, cooperating with said appendix 86. More precisely, the said actuator 100, as can be seen, is fed by a tube 102, derived from a distributor which feeds the actuator 260.

When the operator wishes to open the lid of the appliance, it activates a control device, for example a switch, which is slid. In such a way, it drives said second distribution means, which feed the compressed air supply circuit of the pneumatic cylinder 260 with compressed air, allowing the output of the rod 263 causing the opening of the cap 4.

Accordingly, the operator performs, by means of manual remote control and using compressed air, the same opening control of the lid which in the event of a fire is executed by automatically feeding the pneumatic cylinder 260 with CO2. To close the lid 4, the operator switches on the switch which is the control device and, in this way, the first manifold 264 is in the unloading position and, at the same time, the second manifold 364 is fed with compressed air. The compressed air passing through the second manifold 364 primarily feeds the actuator 100 because it is disposed in a position very close to the manifold 364. Further, since the actuator 100 has a much lower volume than the actuator 260 which causes the cap to move, the compressed air before feeding the negative chamber of the pneumatic cylinder 260 instantaneously fills the cylinder 100 and causes the rod 101 to exit. The latter abuts against the appendix 86 of the lever 81 and, as can be seen in FIG. 10, it rotates in

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takes up a bolt 82 so as to release it from the retaining means 85 before the pneumatic cylinder 260 initiates the closing action of the cap 4. The compressed air feeds the pneumatic cylinder 260 and initiates the drive action on the rod 263 causing the clockwise rotation 162 of the cap 4, supported by the action of the hinged joint 160, to the full closure of the cap returning to the position visible in FIG. 2, engaging the nozzles at corresponding stops 78. During the closure, the rotation of the cap is retarded by the damper 9.

Considering what has been said, it is easy to understand that the apparatus of the invention achieves the previously fixed purpose.

In particular, it has been found that the mechanical locking device, which locks the cap in the maximum opening position, can be removed by means of a manual remote control under the action of an operator. With a similar remote control, the same cap may even be reopened and such operations may be performed repeatedly.

Therefore, these manual opening and closing operations are supplementary to the peculiar capabilities of the apparatus, namely to automatically open the lid in the event of a fire and therefore the apparatus according to the invention can also be used as an aerator beyond use as an apparatus for smoke evacuation and heat in case of fire. Advantageously, the possibility of using the apparatus also as aerator and therefore opening and closing it frequently, allows to detect anomalous operations. In this way it is possible to prevent undetected hidden faults without the cover being open and façade, which prevent the cover from opening when it should open automatically in the event of a fire.

Advantageously, a transparent dome 45 which allows the entrance of light into the partition is applied to the frame 140 of the lid 4. It can be seen that the hinged joint 160, differently from the hinged joints present in the known apparatuses, which consist essentially of is a plurality of bars connected together, which cooperate between the cover, the frame and the base, to which they are attached. This allows for more powerful actions on the cap than those of known apparatuses having equal dimensions. It is evident that during manufacture, the apparatus according to the invention may be realized in any shape and size and may even be equipped with the transparent dome having any shape whatsoever.

A further embodiment could consist of a cap which is provided with a flat, non-transparent closure surface.

In the different embodiments the smoke evacuation apparatus may have more than one actuator, which performs the opening and closing of the lid, or may be provided with lid movement means, which, although performing the same construction geometry, are constituted by a different number of bars.

Moreover, in different embodiments, different hinges and hook means, which lock the lid in the closed position, can be executed differently.

As regards the pneumatic circuit and also the piping, the joints and, in general, all connections of the pneumatic cylinder to the C02 system and to the compressed air system belonging to the known art can be executed according to ideas and different forms from those described.

Even the mechanical locking device, which locks the cap in the maximum opening position, may be performed in a manner different from that described.

Lisbon, 15..REI. 20ϋυ

By CARLO CAODURO and PAOLO CAODURO - THE OFFICIAL AGENT-

Claims (8)

A smoke evacuating apparatus (1) comprising: - a base (2), which defines an opening (3) in the structure of a building, suitable for connecting the interior of one or more rooms to the outside environment; - a cover (4), which cooperates, during opening and closing, with said base (2) through one or more hinges (5); - moving means (6) suitable for rotating said cap (4) about said one or more hinges (5), in order to obtain the opening and closing of said apparatus; - hook means (7) suitable for locking said cap (4) in the closed position relative to said base (2); - at least one mechanical locking device (8), suitable for locking said cover (4), when the latter reaches the position of maximum opening, said apparatus comprising at least one releasing device (150), suitable for moving said mechanical locking device (8), with which it cooperates, before said moving means (6) initiates the closing of said cover (4), characterized by at least one mechanical locking device (8) is disposed between the cap (4) and said base (2) with which it cooperates, suitable control means for actuating said at least one release device (150) and in said moving means ( 6). Smoke evacuation apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least one mechanical locking device (8) comprises a rod (81), having a fulcrum connection at one end (83). ) to said cap (4) through a stud (82) and the opposite end (84) secured to the holding means (85) secured to said base (2), when said cover (4) is completely open, the same (84) of said bar (81) provided with an appendage (86), with which said at least one release device (150) cooperates, suitable to rotate said bar (81) about the (82) to release it from interference with said holding means (85), before said movement means (6) rotates said cap (4) to obtain its closure relative to said catch means (2). A smoke evacuation apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said releasing device (150) consists of a pneumatic cylinder (100) fixed to said base (2), which has a stem (101) which rests on said appendix (86) of said bar (81) of said mechanical locking device (8). Smoke evacuation apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with means for locking the rotation of the cover (4) during the closure, which consists of at least one telescopic damper (9) with an end (92) connected by a fulcrum to said moving means (6) of said cover (4) and the opposite end (91), connected by a fulcrum to said base (2). Smoke evacuation apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said movement means (6) comprises a hinged joint (160) and a pneumatic actuator (260) mechanically connected to one another and arranged between the (2) and said cap (4), said hinged joint (160) comprising a plurality of pairs of bars placed two-by-two, side-by-side and subdivided as follows: - a first pair of bars (360), each having a fulcrum connection at one end (361) to said base (2) and in correspondence with the opposing end (362) with the body (261) of said actuator (260), the end ) of the rod (263) of the latter fixed to said cap (4); a second pair of bars (460) each having a fulcrum connection at one end (461) to said cover (4), in the vicinity of said hinges (5), and a fulcrum connection at the opposing end (462) to a corresponding end (561) of a corresponding bar belonging to a The second pair of bars (560) each having a fulcrum connection at the opposite end (562) to said base (2), at the same point where the end (361) ) of the corresponding bar of said pair of bars (360) has a fulcrum connection; - a fourth pair of bars (660), each having a fulcrum connection at one end (661) to an intermediate point of the corresponding bar of said second pair of bars (460) and a fulcrum connection at the opposite end (662) to an intermediate point of said first pair of bars (360). Smoke evacuation apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said hook means (7) comprise: - a rod (72) arranged transversely in the cap (4) and supported at the ends by a pair of supports (73), on which it is rotatably mounted; - a pair of nozzles (71), each connected in correspondence to one end of said rod (72); - a protruding element (74) attached to said bar (72) in correspondence with its own middle part, said protruding element (74) being connected by means of a rod (75) to a lever (76), which has a fulcrum attachment to a support (77) attached to said cap (4) and connected to the end (262) of the shank (263) of said actuator (260); - a pair of reference stops (78) belonging to said base (2), each being adapted to receive one of said nozzles (71), when said cap (4) is positioned to close with respect to said base (2). Smoke evacuation apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said cover (4) cooperates in closing with said base (2), said cover and said base being connected reciprocally and rotatably through (4), which is attached to a frame (140), which in turn is fixed to the cover (4) and the base (2), which is fixed in the housing (120) fixed, * in turn, in the base itself, said frame (140) supporting, in the middle position a crosspiece (42), to which are mechanically connected elements (262, 461) belonging to said movement means (6). Smoke evacuation apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said movement means (6) and said at least one release device (150) consist of at least one pneumatic cylinder ( 260, 100) connected to a circuit which is supplied with CO 2, automatically to obtain the opening of the cover 4 in the event of a fire and is alternately supplied with compressed air by manual operation when an operator intervenes to open and close the cover (4) in order to aerate the room. Lisbon, i5. tôl 2000 By CARLO CAODURO and PAOLO CAODURO - THE OFFICIAL AGENT- The ADJyNU EMG. "ANTÔNIO CUNHA FERREIRA Ag. Of. Ind. Das Flores, 74 - 4.® 1200 LISBOA