EP2022919A1 - An opening and closing device for elements activated in rotation - Google Patents
An opening and closing device for elements activated in rotation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2022919A1 EP2022919A1 EP07425493A EP07425493A EP2022919A1 EP 2022919 A1 EP2022919 A1 EP 2022919A1 EP 07425493 A EP07425493 A EP 07425493A EP 07425493 A EP07425493 A EP 07425493A EP 2022919 A1 EP2022919 A1 EP 2022919A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- closing element
- actuator
- segments
- segment
- support structure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
- E05F3/04—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes
- E05F3/10—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction
- E05F3/108—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction with piston rod protruding from the closer housing; Telescoping closers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/50—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using fluid-pressure actuators
- E05F15/53—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using fluid-pressure actuators for swinging wings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/12—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the oscillating-vane or curved-cylinder type
- F15B15/125—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the oscillating-vane or curved-cylinder type of the curved-cylinder type
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/70—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation
- E05F15/72—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation responsive to emergency conditions, e.g. fire
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
- E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/148—Windows
- E05Y2900/152—Roof windows
- E05Y2900/154—Skylights
Definitions
- the invention relates to device for opening and closing a rotating element, in particular skylights, hatches and the like, and a skylight provided with the opening and closing device.
- the present invention is applicable in the construction sector, and in particular can be installed on roofs and/or walls of buildings in predetermined places and/or areas, to allow the passage of natural light from the outside to the inside, and, when the skylight is open, also the passage of air between the inside and the outside.
- skylights are generally provided with a support structure, such as for example a frame or the like.
- the support structure is appropriately applied at a respective space or like aperture afforded through a roof or a wall of a building.
- a suitable closing element normally transparent, to enable passage of natural light, which is suitably hinged to the support structure in order to be able to rotated about a hinge axis between a closed position and an open position.
- these skylights are provided with a moving device which is operatively connected to the closing element in order to move the element between a closed position and an open position.
- the moving device comprises a hydraulic actuator operatively supported by a special support structure which is engaged to opposite sides of the support structure of the skylight, and which thus significantly occupies the aperture.
- the hydraulic actuator is in part supported by fixed support rods which substantially lie on the lie plane of the aperture and which extend centrally thereof from one side to the other of the support structure of the skylight, and in part by a series of mobile support rods, hinged together and to the fixed support rods and to the lower end of the actuator.
- the upper end of the actuator is hinged, directly or by means of suitable connecting frames, to the closing element.
- the command means normally used for operating the hydraulic actuator can be associated to suitable safety systems which sense risks by monitoring significant parameters in the building, such as for example the temperature.
- skylights are not free of drawbacks and can be improved in various ways, mainly in relation to the obstruction of the light by the moving device, as the light which serves not only to illuminate the building but also enables aeration thereof, especially in emergency situations such as fire or the like, in which one or more escape routes must be provided for smoke and/or noxious fumes.
- the particularly unwieldy structure of the known moving devices for skylights constitutes a limitation to their use.
- the normally-used linear actuators tend to project laterally with respect to the shape of the aperture of the skylight, the skylight cannot be positioned close to walls which are perpendicular to the lie plane of the aperture.
- the aim of the present invention is to resolve the problems encountered in the prior art.
- an aim of the present invention is to reduce the size of the moving devices associated to the skylights.
- a further aim of the present invention is to reduce the obstruction of the aperture at present necessary for skylights.
- a further aim of the invention is to provide a moving device which is able to move the respective closing element without any fatigue.
- the technical objective and the set aim are substantially attained by a moving device for rotatably closing and opening, in particular skylights, hatches and the like, and a skylight provided with the moving device as described in the appended claims.
- 1 denotes in its entirety a moving device for rotatably-opening closing elements, in particular skylights, hatches and the like.
- the above-mentioned device 1 is operatively associated to a skylight 2 which comprises a support structure 3 which is applicable to an aperture (not illustrated) afforded in a building structure (not illustrated), such as a roof of a shed, a storehouse, a workshop and/or any other structure requiring the presence of points of illumination and aeration.
- the support structure 3 is advantageously the same shape as the aperture to which the skylight 2 is to be applied.
- the support structure 3 exhibits a substantially square shape. However, it could be of any other shape that can be correctly installed in a particular aperture.
- the skylight 2 is provided with a closing element 4 which is suitably hinged to the support structure 3, preferably along a side 3a of the frame thereof.
- the closing element 4 is connected rotatingly to the support structure 3, about a hinge axis X. Consequently the closing element 4 is rotatable with respect to the corresponding aperture in the building to which the skylight 2 is engaged.
- the closing element 4 is rotatable between a closed position ( figure 2 ), in which the aperture and the support structure 3 are closed by the closing element 4, and an open position ( figure 3 ), in which the hole and the support structure 3 are disengaged from the closing element 4 and are therefore open.
- the closing element 4 exhibits a substantially cupola shape.
- the closing element 4 exhibits a convex external surface 4a which faces outwards when the closing element 4 is in the closed position, and a concave internal surface which faces the opposite side with respect to the external surface 4a.
- the closing element 4 is preferably made of a substantially transparent material which allows passage of light from the outside towards the inside.
- both the transparency and the shape of the closing element 4 are characteristics that can change according to the needs and aims the skylight is intended for.
- the moving device 1 is operatively associated to the closing element 2 to rotate the closing element 2 between the closed position and the open position.
- the device 1 advantageously comprises at least an actuator 5, preferably hydraulic, which is fixable to the support structure 3 of the skylight 2.
- the actuator 5 is fixed to the support structure 3 of the skylight 2 by means of a fixing structure 6 which exhibits an attachment plate 6a and a support ring 6b developing projectingly from the attachment plate 6a.
- the support ring 6b preferably exhibits two halves which can be reciprocally distanced or neared to envelop and retain at least a portion of the actuator 5.
- Both the plate 6a and the halves of the support ring 6b advantageously exhibit one or more holes 6c for engaging respective threaded elements (not illustrated as of known type) which enable the plate 6a to be fixed to the support structure 3 and the reciprocal engaging of the halves of the support ring 6b about the actuator 5.
- the actuator 5 prevalently develops along an arched trajectory Y, so that the movement thereof from the retracted position ( figure 2 ) to the extended position ( figures 1 and 3 ) follows a curved trajectory.
- the curved trajectory of the actuator 5 is advantageously substantially parallel to the trajectory of each point of the closing element 4 during the rotation thereof from the closed position to the open position.
- the curved trajectory of the actuator 5 is parallel to the trajectory which each point of the closing element 4 performs during the rotation thereof.
- the actuator 5 overall exhibits a telescopic structure which can extend and retract along the above-mentioned curved trajectory.
- the actuator 5 comprises a plurality of arched segments 7, which are slidably and consecutively guided one on another. Each segment 7 exhibits a longitudinal development which is substantially parallel to the longitudinal development of the other segments 7.
- One of the segments, preferably the base segment 7a, is retained by the above-mentioned support ring 6b so that it is engaged to the support structure 3 of the skylight 2.
- the actuator includes at least a segment 7b which is directly or indirectly engaged to the closing element 4, preferably at the internal surface 4b thereof.
- the base segment 7a remains fixed to the fixed structure 6 and to the support structure 3, while the other segments 7b are mobile along the curved trajectory.
- the actuator 5 comprises three mobile segments 7b which are slidable and hermetically engaged to one another. Note however that the number of mobile segments 7b can vary according to the size of each component constituting the skylight 2, without limiting the invention to a predetermined number of segments 7.
- each mobile segment 7b In order to enable each mobile segment 7b to slide on a further mobile segment 7b and/or the base segment 7a, the mobile segments 7b each exhibit a transversal section which is smaller than the transversal segment 7b preceding it, and greater than the transversal section of the mobile segment following it.
- each mobile segment 7b is inserted sealedly in the segment which precedes it, when the moving device 1 is in the retracted position.
- the transversal section of the actuator 5 decreases, segment 7 by segment 7, starting from the base segment 7a and up to the closing element 4, when the moving device 1 is in the extended position thereof.
- Each segment 7 further exhibits a hollow body which, apart from being able to axially insertingly receive the consecutive mobile segment 7b, is advantageously in fluid communication with the mobile segment 7b in order to enable a retraction or extension of the actuator which contemporaneously interests all of the segments 7 thereof.
- the base segment 7a is in turn in communication with a supply source 8 ( figure 4 ) of an actuating fluid of known type.
- the supply source 8 can be of any known type which is able to provide the actuator 5 with the activation fluid at the necessary pressure for the segments 7 to slide with respect to one another between the retracted position and the extended position.
- the device 1 is advantageously provided with an activation organ 9 which is operatively associated to the supply source 8 of the actuation fluid to move the actuator as described above following an activation command which can be an electric signal coming from a control switch, manually activatable from inside the building, or it can come from an automatic activation system which intervenes in special conditions, such as for example emergency situations.
- an activation organ 9 which is operatively associated to the supply source 8 of the actuation fluid to move the actuator as described above following an activation command which can be an electric signal coming from a control switch, manually activatable from inside the building, or it can come from an automatic activation system which intervenes in special conditions, such as for example emergency situations.
- the activation organ 9 is preferably a safety organ suitably provided with means for detecting 10 which can detect a predetermined activation situation in order to move the actuator 5.
- the means for detecting 10 comprise at least a heat sensor 11 which is sensitive to changes in temperature.
- the heat detector 4 exhibits a structure which at a predetermined temperature gives way, consequently freeing-up a blocking system 12 which retains a cutting element 13 in a retracted position.
- a precompressed helix spring engaged to the cutting element 13 overcomes the opposition of the blocking system 12 and displaces the cutting element 13 towards a tank 14 containing a pressurised fluid, preferably a gas, such as for example carbon dioxide.
- the cutting element 13 cuts an opening through a sealed mouth 15 of the tank 14, causing the exit of the fluid, which, through a system of channels and/or conduits, reaches the actuator 5, displacing it from the retracted position to the extended position.
- This type of safety system advantageously enables automatic opening of the skylight 2 during a fire, offering an escape route to combustion fumes generated internally of a closed place.
- the safety system proposed herein can be made differently from how it is described herein.
- the skylight could even be provided with different safety devices from those used for reacting to a fire, in cases where there might be different primary risks.
- the skylights 2 and/or the moving devices 1 associated thereto could be provided with more than one security system, which could ensure the opening of the skylight in various emergency situations.
- the present invention solves the problems encountered in the prior art and attains the set aims.
- the moving device of the present invention is fixed to the support structure of the closing elements by a simple structure of limited size. Consequently the device 1 does not significantly obstruct the aperture in the building the skylight is associated to, and therefore does not block passage of air between the inside and the outside of the building.
- the special arched structure of the actuator of the device enables application of the skylight 2 also close to walls that are perpendicular to the lie plane of the passage hole, as the actuator is always contained internally of the maximum space occupied by the hole on the lie plane thereof.
- the arched structure of the actuator 5 enables it to reach maximum extension via a curved extension trajectory, without its projecting from the skylight beyond the confines of the hole the skylight is fixed in.
- the arched structure of the actuator enables it to operate almost always in transversal directions to the force of gravity, thus preventing directly-opposing situations with regard thereto. This means that the moving device is less subject to fatigue stress with respect to linear-type devices during opening and/or closing operations.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to device for opening and closing a rotating element, in particular skylights, hatches and the like, and a skylight provided with the opening and closing device.
- The present invention is applicable in the construction sector, and in particular can be installed on roofs and/or walls of buildings in predetermined places and/or areas, to allow the passage of natural light from the outside to the inside, and, when the skylight is open, also the passage of air between the inside and the outside.
- As is known, skylights are generally provided with a support structure, such as for example a frame or the like. The support structure is appropriately applied at a respective space or like aperture afforded through a roof or a wall of a building. Usually skylights are provided with a suitable closing element, normally transparent, to enable passage of natural light, which is suitably hinged to the support structure in order to be able to rotated about a hinge axis between a closed position and an open position.
- Generally, these skylights are provided with a moving device which is operatively connected to the closing element in order to move the element between a closed position and an open position. The moving device comprises a hydraulic actuator operatively supported by a special support structure which is engaged to opposite sides of the support structure of the skylight, and which thus significantly occupies the aperture.
- In more detail, the hydraulic actuator is in part supported by fixed support rods which substantially lie on the lie plane of the aperture and which extend centrally thereof from one side to the other of the support structure of the skylight, and in part by a series of mobile support rods, hinged together and to the fixed support rods and to the lower end of the actuator. Like the bottom end, the upper end of the actuator is hinged, directly or by means of suitable connecting frames, to the closing element. In this way, the actuation of the hydraulic actuator, which is done by activating known command means, causes a longitudinal extension thereof, and a rotation both with respect to the closing element and to its own support structure, while it passes from a substantially vertical starting position to a final position which is inclined with respect to the horizontal lie plane of the hole.
- The command means normally used for operating the hydraulic actuator can be associated to suitable safety systems which sense risks by monitoring significant parameters in the building, such as for example the temperature.
- The applicant has found that known skylights are not free of drawbacks and can be improved in various ways, mainly in relation to the obstruction of the light by the moving device, as the light which serves not only to illuminate the building but also enables aeration thereof, especially in emergency situations such as fire or the like, in which one or more escape routes must be provided for smoke and/or noxious fumes.
- The applicant has further found that the particularly unwieldy structure of the known moving devices for skylights constitutes a limitation to their use. In more detail, as the normally-used linear actuators tend to project laterally with respect to the shape of the aperture of the skylight, the skylight cannot be positioned close to walls which are perpendicular to the lie plane of the aperture.
- Lastly, the hydraulic actuators used for activating the closing elements of skylights tend to suffer significantly from fatigue as they act prevalently in opposition to the force of gravity.
- The aim of the present invention is to resolve the problems encountered in the prior art.
- In particular, an aim of the present invention is to reduce the size of the moving devices associated to the skylights.
- A further aim of the present invention is to reduce the obstruction of the aperture at present necessary for skylights.
- A further aim of the invention is to provide a moving device which is able to move the respective closing element without any fatigue.
- The technical objective and the set aim are substantially attained by a moving device for rotatably closing and opening, in particular skylights, hatches and the like, and a skylight provided with the moving device as described in the appended claims.
- The description will now follow, with reference to the accompanying figures of the drawings, provided purely by way of non-limiting example, in which:
-
figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a skylight provided with a moving device for a closing and opening element of the present invention; -
figure 2 is a schematic section of the skylight offigure 1 , made along a transversal plane to the closure element and diametral of the moving device, in which the moving device is arranged in a retracted position and the closing element is in the closed position; -
figure 3 is a further section view of the skylight of the preceding figures, made along the same section plane asfigure 2 , in which the moving device is in the extended position and the closing element is in the open position;figure 4 is a schematic section of a preferred embodiment of the activation organ of the moving device of the preceding figures. - With reference to the figures of the drawings, 1 denotes in its entirety a moving device for rotatably-opening closing elements, in particular skylights, hatches and the like.
- As illustrated in figures from 1 to 3, the above-mentioned
device 1 is operatively associated to askylight 2 which comprises asupport structure 3 which is applicable to an aperture (not illustrated) afforded in a building structure (not illustrated), such as a roof of a shed, a storehouse, a workshop and/or any other structure requiring the presence of points of illumination and aeration. Thesupport structure 3 is advantageously the same shape as the aperture to which theskylight 2 is to be applied. - In the illustrated embodiment represented in
figure 1 , thesupport structure 3 exhibits a substantially square shape. However, it could be of any other shape that can be correctly installed in a particular aperture. - Still with reference to figures from 1 to 3, the
skylight 2 is provided with aclosing element 4 which is suitably hinged to thesupport structure 3, preferably along aside 3a of the frame thereof. Theclosing element 4 is connected rotatingly to thesupport structure 3, about a hinge axis X. Consequently theclosing element 4 is rotatable with respect to the corresponding aperture in the building to which theskylight 2 is engaged. - In more detail, the
closing element 4 is rotatable between a closed position (figure 2 ), in which the aperture and thesupport structure 3 are closed by theclosing element 4, and an open position (figure 3 ), in which the hole and thesupport structure 3 are disengaged from theclosing element 4 and are therefore open. - With reference to figures from 1 to 3, the
closing element 4 exhibits a substantially cupola shape. In particular, theclosing element 4 exhibits a convexexternal surface 4a which faces outwards when theclosing element 4 is in the closed position, and a concave internal surface which faces the opposite side with respect to theexternal surface 4a. Theclosing element 4 is preferably made of a substantially transparent material which allows passage of light from the outside towards the inside. However both the transparency and the shape of theclosing element 4 are characteristics that can change according to the needs and aims the skylight is intended for. Still with reference to figures from 1 to 3, themoving device 1 is operatively associated to theclosing element 2 to rotate theclosing element 2 between the closed position and the open position. - The
device 1 advantageously comprises at least anactuator 5, preferably hydraulic, which is fixable to thesupport structure 3 of theskylight 2. - In detail, the
actuator 5 is fixed to thesupport structure 3 of theskylight 2 by means of afixing structure 6 which exhibits anattachment plate 6a and asupport ring 6b developing projectingly from theattachment plate 6a. Thesupport ring 6b preferably exhibits two halves which can be reciprocally distanced or neared to envelop and retain at least a portion of theactuator 5. Both theplate 6a and the halves of thesupport ring 6b advantageously exhibit one or more holes 6c for engaging respective threaded elements (not illustrated as of known type) which enable theplate 6a to be fixed to thesupport structure 3 and the reciprocal engaging of the halves of thesupport ring 6b about theactuator 5. - With reference to figures from 1 to 3, the
actuator 5 prevalently develops along an arched trajectory Y, so that the movement thereof from the retracted position (figure 2 ) to the extended position (figures 1 and3 ) follows a curved trajectory. - The curved trajectory of the
actuator 5 is advantageously substantially parallel to the trajectory of each point of theclosing element 4 during the rotation thereof from the closed position to the open position. In other words the curved trajectory of theactuator 5 is parallel to the trajectory which each point of theclosing element 4 performs during the rotation thereof. - Still with reference to figures from 1 to 3, the
actuator 5 overall exhibits a telescopic structure which can extend and retract along the above-mentioned curved trajectory. - In more detail, the
actuator 5 comprises a plurality ofarched segments 7, which are slidably and consecutively guided one on another. Eachsegment 7 exhibits a longitudinal development which is substantially parallel to the longitudinal development of theother segments 7. One of the segments, preferably thebase segment 7a, is retained by the above-mentionedsupport ring 6b so that it is engaged to thesupport structure 3 of theskylight 2. On the opposite side to thebase segment 7a, the actuator includes at least asegment 7b which is directly or indirectly engaged to theclosing element 4, preferably at theinternal surface 4b thereof. - The
base segment 7a remains fixed to thefixed structure 6 and to thesupport structure 3, while theother segments 7b are mobile along the curved trajectory. - In the embodiment of figures from 1 to 3, the
actuator 5 comprises threemobile segments 7b which are slidable and hermetically engaged to one another. Note however that the number ofmobile segments 7b can vary according to the size of each component constituting theskylight 2, without limiting the invention to a predetermined number ofsegments 7. - In order to enable each
mobile segment 7b to slide on a furthermobile segment 7b and/or thebase segment 7a, themobile segments 7b each exhibit a transversal section which is smaller than thetransversal segment 7b preceding it, and greater than the transversal section of the mobile segment following it. In even more detail, eachmobile segment 7b is inserted sealedly in the segment which precedes it, when the movingdevice 1 is in the retracted position. - With reference to figures from 1 to 3, the transversal section of the
actuator 5 decreases,segment 7 bysegment 7, starting from thebase segment 7a and up to theclosing element 4, when themoving device 1 is in the extended position thereof. - Each
segment 7 further exhibits a hollow body which, apart from being able to axially insertingly receive the consecutivemobile segment 7b, is advantageously in fluid communication with themobile segment 7b in order to enable a retraction or extension of the actuator which contemporaneously interests all of thesegments 7 thereof. - In order to move the
closing element 4, thebase segment 7a is in turn in communication with a supply source 8 (figure 4 ) of an actuating fluid of known type. - Naturally the
supply source 8 can be of any known type which is able to provide theactuator 5 with the activation fluid at the necessary pressure for thesegments 7 to slide with respect to one another between the retracted position and the extended position. - As can be seen in
figure 1 , thedevice 1 is advantageously provided with anactivation organ 9 which is operatively associated to thesupply source 8 of the actuation fluid to move the actuator as described above following an activation command which can be an electric signal coming from a control switch, manually activatable from inside the building, or it can come from an automatic activation system which intervenes in special conditions, such as for example emergency situations. - The
activation organ 9 is preferably a safety organ suitably provided with means for detecting 10 which can detect a predetermined activation situation in order to move theactuator 5. The means for detecting 10 comprise at least aheat sensor 11 which is sensitive to changes in temperature. - With reference to the embodiment illustrated in
figure 4 , theheat detector 4 exhibits a structure which at a predetermined temperature gives way, consequently freeing-up ablocking system 12 which retains acutting element 13 in a retracted position. Once theblocking system 12 is freed up by theheat detector 11, a precompressed helix spring, engaged to thecutting element 13, overcomes the opposition of theblocking system 12 and displaces thecutting element 13 towards atank 14 containing a pressurised fluid, preferably a gas, such as for example carbon dioxide. Thecutting element 13 cuts an opening through a sealed mouth 15 of thetank 14, causing the exit of the fluid, which, through a system of channels and/or conduits, reaches theactuator 5, displacing it from the retracted position to the extended position. - This type of safety system advantageously enables automatic opening of the
skylight 2 during a fire, offering an escape route to combustion fumes generated internally of a closed place. - Note however that the safety system proposed herein can be made differently from how it is described herein. The skylight could even be provided with different safety devices from those used for reacting to a fire, in cases where there might be different primary risks. The
skylights 2 and/or the movingdevices 1 associated thereto could be provided with more than one security system, which could ensure the opening of the skylight in various emergency situations. - The present invention solves the problems encountered in the prior art and attains the set aims.
- Firstly, the moving device of the present invention is fixed to the support structure of the closing elements by a simple structure of limited size. Consequently the
device 1 does not significantly obstruct the aperture in the building the skylight is associated to, and therefore does not block passage of air between the inside and the outside of the building. - Further, the special arched structure of the actuator of the device enables application of the
skylight 2 also close to walls that are perpendicular to the lie plane of the passage hole, as the actuator is always contained internally of the maximum space occupied by the hole on the lie plane thereof. In other words, the arched structure of theactuator 5 enables it to reach maximum extension via a curved extension trajectory, without its projecting from the skylight beyond the confines of the hole the skylight is fixed in. - Last, but not least, the arched structure of the actuator enables it to operate almost always in transversal directions to the force of gravity, thus preventing directly-opposing situations with regard thereto. This means that the moving device is less subject to fatigue stress with respect to linear-type devices during opening and/or closing operations.
Claims (12)
- An opening and closing device for elements activated in rotation, in particular skylights, hatches and the like, of a type hinged to a support structure (3) and rotatably with respect thereto about a hinge axis (X) between a closed position, in which at least an aperture is closed by a closing element (4), and an open position, in which the aperture is disengaged from the closing element (4) and is at least partly open, the device (1) comprising:a fixing structure (6) associable to the support structure (3);at least an actuator (5) engaged to the fixing structure (6) and operatively engaged to the closing element (4), the actuator being actuable to move between a retracted position thereof, in which the closing element (4) is arranged in a closed position, and an extended position thereof, in which the closing element (4) is situated in an open position;characterised in that the actuator (5) develops prevalently along an arched trajectory, so that the movement of the actuator (5) from the retracted position thereof to the extended position thereof follows a curved trajectory.
- The device of claim 1, wherein the curved trajectory of the actuator (5) is substantially parallel to a trajectory of each point of the closing element (4) during the rotation thereof from the closed position to the open position.
- The device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the actuator (5) exhibits a telescopic structure.
- The device of one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the actuator (5) comprises a plurality of arched segments (7), slidably guided consecutively one on another, the segments (7) each exhibiting a longitudinal development which is substantially parallel to a longitudinal development of the other segments (7) and at least one of the segments (7) is engaged to the closing element (4).
- The device of one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the actuator (5) comprises a base segment (7a) which is rigidly engaged to the fixing structure (6) and a plurality of mobile segments (7b) slidably and sealedly guided longitudinally on the base segment (7a) or on other mobile elements (7b), the segments (7) developing longitudinally substantially parallel to one another.
- The device of claim 5, wherein the mobile segments each exhibit a transversal section which is smaller than a transversal section of a preceding segment (7) of the segments (7), and a greater section than a transversal section of the mobile segment (7b) which follows, each mobile segment (7b) being sealedly inserted in the preceding segment (7) when the moving device (1) is in a retracted position.
- The device of claim 6, wherein the actuator (5) is a hydraulic actuator.
- The device of claim 7, wherein each segment (7) exhibits a hollow body which is in fluid communication with a consecutive segment (7b) of the segments, the base segment (7a) being in communication with a supply source (8) of an activating fluid.
- The device of claim 8, comprising an activating organ (9) operatively associated to the supply source (8) of the activating fluid, for moving the actuator (5) between the retracted position thereof and the extended position thereof.
- The device of claim 9, wherein the activating organ (9) is provided with means for detecting (10) for sensing a predetermined activation condition, the activation organ (9) activating the actuator (5) to move between the retracted position thereof and the extended position thereof on detection of the predetermined activation condition.
- The device of claim 10, wherein the means for detecting (10) comprise at least a heat detector (11) which is sensitive to variations in temperature, the heat detector (11) activating the activating device (9) on sensing a predetermined safety temperature.
- A skylight (2) for buildings, comprising:a support structure (3) which is fixable to an aperture afforded through a building;a closing element (4) hinged to the support structure (3), the closing element (4) being rotatable with respect to the support structure (3) about a hinge axis (X) between a closed position, in which the aperture is closed by the closing element (4), and an open position, in which the aperture is disengaged from the closing element (4) and is at least partly open;a moving device (1) operatively associated to the closing element (4) and activatable to rotate the closing element (4) between the closed position and the open position;characterised in that the moving device (1) comprises at least an actuator (5), as in one or more of the preceding claims.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07425493A EP2022919A1 (en) | 2007-07-31 | 2007-07-31 | An opening and closing device for elements activated in rotation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07425493A EP2022919A1 (en) | 2007-07-31 | 2007-07-31 | An opening and closing device for elements activated in rotation |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2022919A1 true EP2022919A1 (en) | 2009-02-11 |
Family
ID=38740259
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07425493A Withdrawn EP2022919A1 (en) | 2007-07-31 | 2007-07-31 | An opening and closing device for elements activated in rotation |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2022919A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2580329A1 (en) * | 2015-02-20 | 2016-08-23 | Universidad Politécnica de Madrid | Hydraulic and pneumatic pneumatic actuator (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
CN110651128A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2020-01-03 | 伍德沃德有限公司 | Multi-chamber rotary piston actuator |
US10954973B2 (en) | 2017-07-14 | 2021-03-23 | Woodward, Inc. | Unsupported piston with moving seal carrier |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1997033062A1 (en) * | 1996-03-05 | 1997-09-12 | Carlo Caoduro | Apparatus for smoke evacuation |
DE20219181U1 (en) * | 2002-12-11 | 2003-02-27 | Aug. Winkhaus GmbH & Co. KG, 48291 Telgte | Chain-operated window opening/closing mechanism has a frame and pivots on a fixed surrounding frame to which it is linked by a chain and a winding mechanism |
WO2007003000A1 (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2007-01-11 | James Antony Kells | Toroidal ram actuator |
-
2007
- 2007-07-31 EP EP07425493A patent/EP2022919A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1997033062A1 (en) * | 1996-03-05 | 1997-09-12 | Carlo Caoduro | Apparatus for smoke evacuation |
DE20219181U1 (en) * | 2002-12-11 | 2003-02-27 | Aug. Winkhaus GmbH & Co. KG, 48291 Telgte | Chain-operated window opening/closing mechanism has a frame and pivots on a fixed surrounding frame to which it is linked by a chain and a winding mechanism |
WO2007003000A1 (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2007-01-11 | James Antony Kells | Toroidal ram actuator |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2580329A1 (en) * | 2015-02-20 | 2016-08-23 | Universidad Politécnica de Madrid | Hydraulic and pneumatic pneumatic actuator (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
CN110651128A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2020-01-03 | 伍德沃德有限公司 | Multi-chamber rotary piston actuator |
US10883522B2 (en) | 2016-08-05 | 2021-01-05 | Woodward. Inc. | Multi-chamber rotary piston actuator |
US11280356B2 (en) | 2016-08-05 | 2022-03-22 | Woodward, Inc. | Multi-axis rotary piston actuator |
US11391305B2 (en) | 2016-08-05 | 2022-07-19 | Woodward, Inc. | Multi-chamber rotary piston actuator |
US12012976B2 (en) | 2016-08-05 | 2024-06-18 | Woodward, Inc. | Multi-axis rotary piston actuator |
US10954973B2 (en) | 2017-07-14 | 2021-03-23 | Woodward, Inc. | Unsupported piston with moving seal carrier |
US11512719B2 (en) | 2017-07-14 | 2022-11-29 | Woodward, Inc. | Unsupported piston with moving seal carrier |
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