SK121298A3 - Apparatus for smoke evacuation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention realizes an apparatus for smoke evacuation (1) comprising: a basement (2) which defines an opening (3) made in a building; a cover (4) co-operating in opening and closing actions with said basement (2); moving means (6) for the rotation of said cover (4); hooking means (7) suited to block said cover (4) in the closing position; a mechanical lock (8) suited to block said cover (4) in position of maximum opening; a release device (150) which through remote control means, releases said mechanical lock (8), before that said moving means (6) begin the closing of said cover (4).

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a smoke exhaust device for use in extracting smoke and heat from a building room in the event of a fire.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is well known that the safety regulations currently in force direct that a building must be equipped with a suitable smoke and heat removal device, which in the event of a fire is automatically activated so that the flames are prevented from spreading inside. building.

evacuates the fumes so that these fumes exhaust the usual hatch, which is more hinges, joints or

Similar devices consist essentially of one or other hinges connected to a base that defines an opening formed in the building structure that connects one or more rooms to the outside environment.

The hatch is mechanically connected to moving means which are adapted to be able to open and close the hatch by rotating it about one or more of said hinges, hinges, or other hinges connected to the frame. Said moving means consist mainly of a coupling and a pneumatic cylinder which is supplied with an inert gas, preferably carbon dioxide (CO2), as soon as a suitable sensor detects an elevated temperature that exceeds a predetermined limit, or when a suitable sensor detects the presence. smoke in indoor air.

The above safety rules also provide that the smoke extraction device must be provided with locking elements that lock the hatch in a very reliable manner when it reaches its maximum open position, in order to prevent it from being accidentally reclosed.

DE-U-83 03 361 discloses a prior art smoke evacuation device which is provided with mechanical means to prevent the hatch from being closed by acting on a pneumatic cylinder. However, such high-performance systems, even though they are operating effectively, are not, incidentally, approved by the applicable safety rules, which completely exclude the use of such safety devices where the non-accidental hatch closure element acts on a pneumatic cylinder which depends . It follows that smoke extraction equipment fitted with similar devices cannot be considered as complying with safety regulations.

Other such devices are provided with mechanical means that firmly lock the hatch when it is in the maximum open position by rigidly attaching it to the base or building structure.

Such smoke exhausts comply with the safety regulations, since the possibility of accidentally closing the hatch is excluded, but it is necessary for the operator to physically ensure that they are closed by removing the mechanical means that block them.

It is clear from the foregoing that the prior art smoke exhaust devices cannot be opened and closed easily and quickly by means of a remote control, nor can they be used for ventilation purposes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order for the smoke exhaust device to be opened and closed by means of the remote control, it must be provided with suitable means which, prior to the closure of the hatch closing, remotely unlocks the mechanical closure which locks the hatch in its maximum open position.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a smoke exhaust device having a device for remotely actuating the mechanical closure which prevents accidental closure of the hatch when the hatch is in its maximum open position.

This object is achieved by the development of a smoke exhaust device comprising, in accordance with the main claim, the following:

- a base defining an aperture made in the structure of the building, intended to connect the interior of one or more rooms with the external environment,

- a hatch cooperating during opening and closing with the said base by means of one or more joints,

- moving means designed to effect a rotational movement of said hatch around one or more joints in order to achieve opening or closing of said smoke exhaust device,

- locking means for locking said hatch in its closed position with respect to said base,

- at least one mechanical closure intended to block said hatch in its maximum reached open position, comprising at least one release device capable of moving said mechanical closure with which it cooperates before said moving means commences closing said hatch, said device provided with remote control means capable of acting on the at least one release device or the movement means.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lid of the smoke exhaust device consists of a metal frame attached to the counterframe attached to said base, said metal frame being provided with a transparent dome which allows daylight to enter the room.

Both the release device and the lid movement means are remotely operable by means of a remote control.

If the mechanical cap of the hatch is remotely unlocked in its maximum open position, the smoke exhaust device can also be advantageously used as a room air ventilation device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The foregoing purposes and advantages will be more readily understood by reference to the following description of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, which will be given for a better understanding but not limitation, and which will be accompanied by the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is an axonometric view of the smoke exhaust device of the present invention positioned in an open position;

Fig. S shows a smoke exhaust device according to the invention having a hatch located in its closed position;

Fig. 3 and FIG. 4 illustrate a smoke exhaust device according to the invention, during opening of a hatch, the hatch being shown in two different positions;

\ Fig. 5 illustrates a smoke exhaust device according to the present invention with a half placed in the fully open position;

Fig. 6 shows a detailed view of the mechanical hatch closure system in a position just before the hatch is fully opened;

Fig. 7 is a detailed view of the mechanical closure system where the hatch is fully open;

Fig. 8 shows front view on the mechanical closing hatch system in position according to Fig. 'h *. 'f t Fig. 9 shows front view on the mechanical closing hatch system in position according to Fig. . 8; Fig. 10 shows front view on the mechanical closing hatch system, shown in Fig. , 9, and t

a position when the release device is unlocked as soon as possible;

Fig. 11 is a detailed view of a supply line for conducting pressurized fluid to pneumatic cylinders to effect the hatch movement and to release the mechanical closure system;

Fig. 13 is an axonometric view of details of the hatch locking and release means with respect to the counterframes;

Fig. 13 is a side view of details of the hatch locking and release means shown in FIG. 12;

Fig. 14 is a side view of the hatch secured to the counterframe by locking and release means.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

As can be seen in FIG. 1 and the smoke exhaust device according to the invention, which is denoted as a whole by 1, comprising:

a base S which delimits or delimits an opening 3 formed in the building structure, this opening 3 connects one or more rooms of the building to the external environment;

- a counter frame 130. attached to said base 2 on its corresponding periphery;

a hatch, which is generally designated by reference numeral 4 and is defined by a frame 140 which is connected along its perimeter to said counter-frame 120 by means of hinges 5;

moving means, as a whole, indicated by 6 and capable of rotating said hatch 4 around said hinges 5 to open and close said device and hence opening 3;

locking means, which as a whole are indicated by the reference numeral 7, some of which belong to the frame 140 of the cover 4 and some of the corresponding to the ISO plates. the locking means 7 are intended to secure said lid 4 against said ISO counterframe when the lid 4 is closed.

As can be seen in particular in FIG. 6 to FIG. 10, said smoke exhaust device 1 is provided with a mechanical closure, which is generally indicated by the reference numeral 8, and which is substantially included in the moving means 6. This mechanical closure 8 is intended to block the hatch 4 when the hatch 4 reaches its maximum open position as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 7, thereby preventing accidental closure of the cover 4 caused, for example, by wind.

in order to open several pairs, always located

With respect to movement to close said lid 4, the movement means, which are generally indicated by reference numeral 6, comprise an articulated joint 160 consisting of a tie rod or lever bars, two and two side by side, and a pneumatic actuator which is referred to collectively as S60, said articulated joint 160 and said pneumatic actuator S60 being connected to each other and located between said ISO counterframe by said base 3 and said hatch 4.

As can be seen in particular in FIG. S to FIG. 5, said hinge 160 comprises:

a first pair of rods 360, each having a pivot contact point with said base S at one end 561 and a second corresponding pivot contact point with a body 861 of said pneumatic actuator S60 at the other end 368; the end 868 of the rod 865 of said pneumatic actuator 36Q is provided with a pivot point with a cross piece 48 belonging to the frame 140 of said cover 4;

a second pair of rods 460, each having a pivot point with said cross piece 42 of said hatch 4 at one end 461 and a second pivot point with a corresponding end 561 of the corresponding rod corresponding to the third pair of rods 560, at the opposite end 462; each having a pivot point with said base 2 at the opposite end 568, corresponding to the same position where the end 561 of the corresponding rod of said first pair of rods 560 has its pivot point;

a fourth pair of rods 660, each having a pivot point with an intermediate point on a corresponding rod of said second pair of rods 460 at one end 661, the opposite end 668 having a pivot point with an intermediate point on a corresponding rod of said first pair of rods 560 .

As can be seen in FIG. 2, when the hatch 4 is closed, it is locked on said base 2 by means of the already mentioned locking means 7, which, as can be seen in FIG. 12, FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, consists of a pair of beaks 71 attached to the ends of the bar 78 disposed transversely on the lid 4, each of these beaks 7i being hooked into a respective snap-on eye 78 which belongs to the counter-frames 140.

Said rod 78 is supported by a pair of carriers having an end 73 and is provided with a protruding element 74 disposed in the bar. basically in the middle position. Said protruding element 74 is connected by means of a connecting rod 75 to a lever 78 having a pivot point with a support 77 attached to a cross piece 48 of the cover 4 and is also connected to the end 888 of the rod 865 of the pneumatic actuator 860.

With respect to the pneumatic cylinder 860, it is then possible to refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 8, its positive chamber supply path 461 is connected by a first conduit 869 to the first manifold 864, while its negative chamber supply path 561 is connected by a second conduit 569 to the second manifold 564.

Said manifolds 864 and 564 are connected via fixed connections 868 and 568 to a distribution center (not shown in the drawings) which is supplied with pressurized carbon dioxide (CO2) by means of the first distribution means as well as in the drawings.

In the event of a fire, the special sensors located in the rooms of the building instruct the said distribution means to allow the carbon dioxide to flow into the first distribution line 869 which. by means of said first manifold 864 and via the supply path 461 it feeds the positive chamber of the pneumatic cylinder 860, causing the rod 865 of the pneumatic actuator 860 to move outwardly, thereby opening the hatch

4th

In fact, before the bar 65 begins to move, its end 265, by means of the lever 76, the connecting rod 75 and the bar 72, releases the beaks 71 from the engaging eyes 78 and initiates lifting of the lid 4 under the pressure of the articulated joint 160.

The pressure of the pneumatic cylinder 860 and the rotation of the articulated joint 160 in the anti-clockwise direction 161 will cause the cover 4 to assume all the positions shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 until it reaches its maximum open position as shown in FIG. 5, in which position the mechanical closure 8 then causes the hatch 4 to be locked in its reached position.

In particular, Aloo can be seen in FIG. 7, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, said mechanical closure 8 comprises a rod 81 having a pivot point with a cross piece 42 of the lid 4 at the corresponding end 83 by means of a pin 82. The opposite end 84 of the rod 81 is in turn free and when the lid 4 is in the fully open position. as shown in FIG. 7, this end 84 snaps against a stop element 85 which is attached to the base 2. More precisely, this stop element is a fork 85 to which the end 91 of the shock absorber 9 is attached, the opposite end 92 having a pivot point with said first rods. 360 via pin 93.

It should be emphasized here that the mechanical closure 8 prevents the hatch 4 from rotating around hinges or hinges 5 and thus also prevents it from being accidentally closed, as prescribed by the relevant safety regulations.

In order to re-open and close the smoke removal device 1 from a remote location in order to use this device 1 as a common aeration or ventilation device, the mechanical shutter 8 must be removed by remote control and the pneumatic cylinder 860 supplied with compressed air or compressed carbon dioxide (C0 _2).

To this end, the same distribution system to which the manifolds 864 and 564 are connected by means of the second distribution means, not shown in the drawings, is also supplied by the compressed air distribution system.

The end 64 of the rod 81 is provided with an L-shaped extension 86, which can be seen in more detail in FIG. 8, FIG. 9 and FIG. 10. At least one locking device 150, comprising an actuator 100 mounted on a base 8 and provided with a shaft 101 cooperating with said L-shaped extension 86 cooperates with said L-shaped extension 86.

More specifically, said actuator 100, as can be clearly seen from the drawing, is fed by a conduit 108 that is derived from a manifold 564 that powers a pneumatic actuator 860.

on the

If the operator wishes to open the smoke exhaust according to this hatch 4 of the device 1 of the invention, he will, for example, put into operation a control device which may be switches which are in the off position. Thus, the second distribution means, which supply compressed air to the supply circuit of the pneumatic cylinder 260, is actuated, thereby allowing the rod 865 of the actuator 860 to be output, causing the lid 4 to open.

Thus, the operator performs, by means of a hand-held remote control and using compressed air, the same opening control of the cover 4, which in the event of a fire is performed automatically by supplying pneumatic cylinder 860 with compressed carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ).

In order to close the hatch 4, the operator closes the switch, which constitutes the control device, and in this way the first manifold 864 is brought into a relieved position while simultaneously the second manifold 364 is supplied with compressed air. The compressed air that flows through the second manifold 564 feeds the actuator 100 first because it is located in a position that is very close to the second manifold 564.

Since said actuator 100 represents a much smaller volume than the pneumatic actuator 860, which moves the hatch 4, the compressed air, before starting to feed the negative chamber of the pneumatic cylinder 860, immediately fills the cylinder 100, causing the stem 101 to exit out. This shaft 101 acts against the L-shaped extension 86 of the rod 81, and as can be seen in FIG. 10, rotates them about pivot 88 so that it is released from the stop member 85 before the pneumatic cylinder 860 initiates the lid closing operation 4.

Thereafter, the compressed air feeds the pneumatic cylinder 860, thus initiating the action of the rod 865 of the pneumatic actuator 860, causing the cover 4 to rotate in a counterclockwise direction 161, which is supported by the articulation, until the cover 4 is fully closed. will return to its position shown in FIG. S, with beaks 71 hooked into the latches 78. During closure, the rotation of the hatch is slowed by the shock absorber 9.

Taking into account all of the foregoing, it will be understood that the smoke exhaust device 1 of the present invention fulfills the predetermined purposes.

In particular, it has been tried that the mechanical closure that locks the hatch in its maximum open position can be unlocked by means of a hand-held remote control by the action of the appropriate operator. With the help of a similar remote control can. be the same hatch opened again, and we can do these operations repeatedly.

It follows that the manual control of the opening and closing of the hatch is complementary to the actual capacity of the device, which is intended to automatically open the hatch in the event of a fire, so that the device according to the invention can be used as a ventilation device in addition to its function. as a smoke and heat removal device in the event of a fire.

The possibility of using the device in question as a ventilation device and hence the possibility of its frequent opening and closing then advantageously makes it possible to detect deficiencies in its functioning in a timely manner. In this way, it is possible to detect hidden defects which otherwise cannot be detected without opening and closing the hatch, even before the hatch has to be opened automatically in the event of a fire.

Preferably, a translucent dome 45 may be attached to the lid frame 140 to allow daylight to enter the room.

It can be seen in the figures that the articulated joint 160, unlike the articulated joints contained in known devices, which generally consist essentially of a articulated triangle, consists of a plurality of rods, rods or levers which are connected to one another and which cooperate with the hatch, frame and base to which they are attached. This makes it possible to achieve much more efficient functions in a given hatch than with known devices having the same dimensions.

It is evident that during the manufacture of the smoke exhaust device according to the present invention any shapes and different dimensions can be applied, and the device can also be provided with a transparent dome which can have any shape.

A further preferred embodiment of the present invention may consist of a hatch that is provided with a flat and not a translucent closure surface.

In a different preferred embodiment, the smoke evacuation device 1 may then be equipped with more than one actuator which performs the opening and closing of the hatch, or may be provided with such hatch moving means which, although having substantially the same geometry of construction, consist of a different number of rods, bars or levers.

In addition, different articulated, hook-and-lock means may be used differently to different embodiments of the invention, which lock the hatch in its closed position.

As far as the pneumatic circuit and thus all piping are concerned, then the units and generally all connections and connections of the pneumatic cylinder and the compressed carbon dioxide (CO2) system as well as the compressed air system, which are among the general techniques, can be made on a different basis and with different shapes as described here.

Likewise, the mechanical closure that locks the hatch in its maximum open position may be made in a manner other than that described above.

Claims (8)

PATENT A smoke exhaust device (1) comprising: a base (3) which defines an opening (5) provided in the structure of the building, which is intended to connect the interior space of one or more rooms to the external environment, - a hatch (4) cooperating during said opening and closing with said base (3) by means of one or more hinges (5), moving means (6) designed to effect rotational movement of said hatch (4) about one or more hinges (5) a. in order to achieve opening or closing of said smoke exhaust device (1), locking means (7) intended to block said hatch (4) in its closed position with respect to said base (3), - at least one mechanical closure (8) intended to block said hatch (4) in its. a maximum achieved open position comprising at least one release device (150) capable of moving said mechanical closure (8) with which it cooperates before said moving means (6) begin closing said hatch (4). Smoke extraction device (1) according to claim (1), characterized in that it is provided with a remote control screen (17) capable of acting on at least one release device (150) and moving means (6). Smoke extraction device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one said mechanical closure (S) comprises a rod (Si) having a pivot point with said lid (4) at the end (83) by means of a bolt (83), the opposite end (84) of which is free and capable of counteracting stopping means (85) attached to said base (3) when said lid (4) is fully open and the same free an end (84) of said rod (81) provided with an L-shaped extension (86) with which at least one release device (150) cooperates, capable of rotating said rod (81) about said pin (83) to release it against by said stopping means (85) before said moving means (6) cause the said cover (4) to rotate in order to close it with respect to said base (3). Smoke extraction device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that said release device (150) consists of a pneumatic cylinder (100) attached to said base (3), which is provided with a stem (101) which cooperates. with said L-shaped extension (86) of said rod (81) of said mechanical closure (8). A smoke exhaust device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with locking means preventing rotation of the hatch (4) upon its closing, consisting of at least one telescopic damper (9) connected by said movable hatch (4). 4), and through it a rotating base (S). the end (93) of the pivot point. with the means (6) of said opposite end (91) connected to the contact point with said Smoke extraction device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said moving means (6) comprise a hinge (160) and a pneumatic actuator (360) which are mechanically connected to each other and which are located between said base (3) and said hatch (4), said hinge joint (160) consisting of a plurality of pairs of rods, two and two side by side and divided as follows: a first pair of rods (560) each having a pivot point with said base at one end (561) and at the other end (563) having a corresponding pivot point with a body (361) of said actuator (360), the end (363) a rod (365) of the actuator (360) is attached to said hatch (4), a second pair of rods (460) each having a pivot point with said hatch (4) of said hinges (5) at one end (461), located at the opposite end (463) is a pivot contact point with a corresponding end (561) of the corresponding rod belonging to a third pair of rods (560) each having a pivot contact point with said base (3) at the opposite end (563) at the same a point at which the end (361) of the corresponding rod of said first pair of rods (360) has its pivot point, - a third pair of rods (660), each having a pivot contact point with an intermediate point of a corresponding rod of said second pair of rods (460) at one end (661), and at the opposite end (66S) having a pivot contact point with an intermediate point of said first pair of rods (360). Smoke extraction device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking means (7) comprise: a rod (72) disposed transversely on the lid (4) and supported at its ends by a pair of carriers (75) in which it is pivotally mounted, a pair of beaks (71), each of which is respectively connected to one end of said rod (72), - a protruding element (74) attached to said rod (73) in its central part, said protruding element (74) being connected via a connecting rod (75) to a lever (76) having a pivot point with a support (77) attached to said cover (4) and connected to the end (262) of the rod (263) of said actuator (260), - a pair of latches (78) belonging to said base (2), wherein each latch (78) is intended to receive one of said beaks (71) when said hatch is placed in a closed condition relative to said base (2) . Smoke extraction device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said hatch (4) cooperates in closing with said base (4) and said base by one each belongs to said (3), said hatch (3) being ) mutually and pivotably connected or more joints, of which the hatch (4) is attached to the frame (140), which is further attached to its own hatch (4), and further belongs to the base (3), and is attached to the counterframes ( ISO 140), further carrying on its own base (3) (140) in its central position to which the mechanical elements (363, 461) belonging to said moving means (6) are mechanically attached. fastened frame cross piece (43) Smoke extraction device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said moving means (6) and said at least one release means (150) consist of at least one pneumatic cylinder (360, 100) connected to a circuit which is powered by carbon dioxide in an automatic manner to achieve the opening of the hatch (4) in the event of a fire, and is alternatively supplied with compressed air by hand control when the operator instructs the hatch (4) to open and close the room.