PT646161E - Lubrificação melhorada a partir de uma mistura de ácido bórico com óleos e gorduras. - Google Patents
Lubrificação melhorada a partir de uma mistura de ácido bórico com óleos e gorduras. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PT646161E PT646161E PT93916570T PT93916570T PT646161E PT 646161 E PT646161 E PT 646161E PT 93916570 T PT93916570 T PT 93916570T PT 93916570 T PT93916570 T PT 93916570T PT 646161 E PT646161 E PT 646161E
- Authority
- PT
- Portugal
- Prior art keywords
- boric acid
- lubricant
- lubricating composition
- composition according
- oils
- Prior art date
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
- C10M103/06—Metal compounds
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/02—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation
- C10M107/14—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation containing conjugated diene
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- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/38—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing halogen
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- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/40—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M107/44—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
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- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/02—Carbon; Graphite
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- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/22—Compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
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- C10M125/26—Compounds containing silicon or boron, e.g. silica, sand
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- C10M147/02—Monomer containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
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- C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
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- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
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- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
- C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
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- C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
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- C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
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- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/043—Mannich bases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/043—Mannich bases
- C10M2217/0435—Mannich bases used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/044—Polyamides
- C10M2217/0443—Polyamides used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/045—Polyureas; Polyurethanes
- C10M2217/0453—Polyureas; Polyurethanes used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/046—Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
- C10M2217/0465—Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
- C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives
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Description
ΕΡ Ο 646 161 /ΡΤ
DESCRIÇÃO ''Lubrificação melhorada a partir de uma mistura de ácido bórico com óleos e gorduras"
Este invento refere-se a um lubrificante melhorado preparado a partir de uma mistura de ácido bórico e óleo ou gordura ou outro lubrificante com um meio de base assim. Mais em particular, o invento refere-se a uma mistura contendo partículas de ácido bórico numa mistura e/ou suspensão com uma gama particular de quantidades e tamanhos de partícula. Os lubrificantes cumprem uma função importante na conservação de componentes de máquinas e prolongamento dos seus tempos de vida em operação. A optimização das propriedades dos lubrificantes permaneceu um objectivo primário dado que as máquinas são operadas sob condições mais exigentes e difíceis associadas a aumento de eficiência e desempenho. Têm sido desenvolvidos numerosos aditivos, mas muito está ainda por realizar de modo a satisfazer as exigências crescentes que são actualmente postas aos lubrificantes. É portanto um objecto do invento proporcionar um lubrificante melhorado. É outro objecto do invento proporcionar um novo aditivo de lubrificante.
Outro objecto do invento é ainda proporcionar um aditivo de lubrificante melhorado de fase sólida. É um objecto adicional do invento proporcionar um novo lubrificante de sólidos de ácido bórico dispersos num lubrificante de base. É ainda outro objecto do invento proporcionar um processo melhorado para lubrificar componentes cerâmicos e/ou metálicos utilizando um ácido bórico disperso num lubrificante de base. É ainda outro objecto adicional do invento proporcionar um novo lubrificante multifuncional que possui sólidos de ácido bórico e polímero adicionados a um lubrificante de 2 ΕΡ Ο 646 161 /ΡΤ base. Ε também um objecto adicional do invento proporcionar um lubrificante sólido melhorado e um processo de utilização para uma mistura ácido bórico/polimero.
De acordo com o invento, uma composição lubrificante compreende uma dispersão estável de pelo menos 0,1% em peso de um aditivo de ácido bórico cristalino no estado sólido substancialmente em camadas, possuindo um tamanho de partícula de 0,2 a 40 micrómetros, e um lubrificante de base. A composição lubrificante compreende preferivelmente de 10 a 50% em peso de aditivo de ácido bórico no estado sólido.
Outras vantagens e detalhes do invento tornar-se-ão evidentes a partir da descrição fornecida em seguida, juntamente com as reivindicações em anexo.
Descrição detalhada das concretizações preferidas
Numa concretização preferida do invento, um aditivo para um lubrificante de base toma a forma de uma dispersão de ácido bórico ou óxido de boro formador de ácido bórico. Os pós de ácido bórico estão disponíveis em US Borax Co. de Los Angeles, CA. O lubrificante resultante com dispersão de ácido bórico tira partido das propriedades de baixa fricção do ácido bórico quando suspenso em lubrificantes. Exemplos de lubrificantes de base são óleos tais como óleos com base em petróleo, óleos sintéticos, óleos minerais, óleos com base em hidrocarbonetos e óleos de silício ou outros lubrificantes adequados que não reajam com ácido bórico. Por exemplo, reacções indesejáveis podem incluir destruição ou alteração substancial da estrutura cristalina em camadas do ácido bórico. Sem limitar o âmbito do invento, crê-se que as partículas de ácido bórico, sob pressão elevada e tracção friccionai, interagem com superfícies de suporte de carga para proporcionar excelentes resiliência e capacidade de suporte de carga. A estrutura das camadas das partículas cristalinas de ácido bórico pode deslizar uma sobre a outra com relativa facilidade e pode reduzir a fricção e o desgaste. 3 ΕΡ Ο 646 161 /ΡΤ
Neste invento ο ácido bórico é particularmente útil para sistemas que operam a temperaturas de até cerca de 170°C. O ácido bórico é então disperso como um componente em lubrificantes de base, tendo como resultado um desempenho substancialmente melhorado para a mistura. 0 tamanho de partícula para o ácido bórico de cerca de 0,2 a 40 micrómetros (mícrons) facilita a formação de uma suspensão estável, com a presença do ácido bórico numa quantidade de pelo menos 0,1% em peso. A quantidade de partículas sólidas que pode ser misturada e/ou dispersa no óleo será dependente do tamanho da partícula. Quanto menor for o tamanho de partícula, maior será a quantidade de partículas que pode ser suspensa no óleo. Em geral, a gama preferida para os óleos é cerca de 0,5 a 50% em peso e para gorduras é cerca de 1-50% em peso, sendo a gama mais preferida de 1-15% para óleos e 1-20% para gorduras. O tamanho e quantidade das partículas de ácido bórico a ser adicionado a óleos e gorduras será geralmente determinado pela utilização pretendida da mistura lubrificante resultante possuindo as partículas sólidas em suspensão. Podem ser empregues equipamento e técnicas convencionais para conseguir uma dispersão ou distribuição substancialmente uniforme ou estável do aditivo na mistura final. Uma dispersão estável significa uma mistura em que as partículas de lubrificante sólidas permanecem como partículas separadas e discretas na presença de um estabilizante e um meio fluido de suporte. Processos para conseguir uma dispersão uniforme das partículas no lubrificante de base são bem conhecidas dos peritos na especialidade. Também podem ser preparados primeiro concentrados compreendendo maiores quantidades de ácido bórico e depois adicionados a óleos ou gorduras convencionais. Além disso, os lubrificantes podem conter outros aditivos que são adicionados para melhorar ainda mais as propriedades fundamentais dos lubrificantes. Tais aditivos podem incluir: anti-oxidantes, passivadores metálicos, inibidores de corrosão, melhoradores do índice de viscosidade, redutores do ponto de fluidez, dispersantes, detergentes, aditivos de pressão extrema dos tipos líquido e sólido e aditivos anti-desgaste. As gorduras de lubrificante de base úteis na preparação da composição lubrificante do invento podem ser 4 ΕΡ Ο 646 161 /ΡΤ qualquer uma das gorduras conhecidas empregues como bases para aplicações de pressão extrema.
Exemplos
Pretende-se que os exemplos seguintes sejam meramente ilustrativos do invento e não uma sua limitação. Excepto se indicado em contrário, todas as quantidades são em peso.
Exemplo 1
Mistura de ácido bórico e óleo ou gordura lubrificante
Este exemplo ilustra a extensão da melhoria no desempenho coma utilização de uma mistura de ácido bórico e óleo ou gordura. Neste exemplo, um óleo ou gordura mineral e de motor comercialmente disponíveis são misturados com ácido bórico em pó possuindo tamanhos de partícula de 0,2-40 micrómetros (mícrons) em quantidades variando de 1 a 50% em peso. A mistura foi colocada num recipiente de vidro e agitada vigorosamente por meio de um dispositivo de agitação magnético durante um período de pelo menos 2 horas. A mistura foi depois utilizada como lubrificante numa máquina de teste de desgaste cuja função e características principais podem ser encontradas no "1990 Annual Book of astm Standards", Volume 3.02, Secção 3, pp. 391-395. Nos testes, pinos de aço (440C, e 52100) e alumina (AI2O3) com um raio da extremidade hemisférica de 5 polegadas (127 mm) foram seguros no suporte de pinos da máquina de teste de desgaste e comprimidos contra um disco rotativo de aço ou alumina. Aplica-se uma carga específica através de um sistema de alavanca que comprime o suporte de pinos estacionário para baixo, contra o disco rotativo. O lubrificante sob teste cobre o pino estacionário. Após o teste, realizado durante uma distância especificada a temperatura, pressão e velocidade especificadas, o coeficiente de fricção de estado estacionário é obtido a partir de um gráfico registador mostrado na Tabela 1. A taxa de desgaste foi calculada a partir de uma fórmula dada no "1990 Annual Book of ASTM Standards", Volume 3.02, Secção 3, pp. 394, expressa em milímetros cúbicos por metro, mm3/m. Os resultados de desgaste e coeficiente de fricção obtidos são resumidos na Tabela II. 5 ΕΡ Ο 646 161 /ΡΤ
TABELA I
Resultados do teste de fricção a partir de vários pares de pinos e discos sob diferentes cargas. Condições do teste: Velocidade, 1-3 mm/s; Temperatura, 22-25°C; pinos e discos de aço 440C and 52100. Lubrificante Material de pino/disco Carga (kg) Distância de deslize (m) Coeficiente de fricçáo Óleo mineral de base 440C/52100 5 27 0,15 50% em peso de ácido bórico e óleo mineral de base 440C/52100 5 27 0,02 10% em peso de ácido bórico e óleo mineral de base 440C/52100 4 26 0,01 10% em peso de ácido bórico e óleo mineral de base 440C/52100 2 2000 0,03 10% em peso de ácido bórico e óleo mineral de base 440C/52100 2 450 0,03 Óleo de motor 15W40 440C/440C 2 180 0,11 1% em peso de ácido bórico e óleo 15W40 440C/440C 2 180 0,09 Gordura de base de petróleo 440C/440C 5 0,11 20% em peso de ácido bórico e gordura de base de petróleo 440C/440C 5 0,05-0,07
TABELA II
Teste de desgaste na máquina de pino-sobre-disco. Condições do teste: Carga, 2 kg; Velocidade, 1-3 mm/s; Temperatura, 22-25°C; pinos e/ou discos de aços 440C, 52100 e alumina. Lubrificante Material de pino/disco Distância de deslize (m) Coeficiente de fricção Taxa de desgaste (mmVm) Oleo mineral de base 52100/Al2O3 57 0,16 1, lxlO-4 10% em peso de ácido bórico e óleo mineral de base 52100/A1203 70 0, 03 2, OxlO-6 Óleo mineral de base ai2o3/ai2o3 80 0,25 2,8χ10“4 10% em peso de ácido bórico e óleo mineral de base ai2o3/ai2o3 92 0,025 2,6xl0~6
Os resultados anteriores demonstram que com uma mistura de ácido bórico e um óleo lubrificante, os coeficientes de fricção são reduzidos de 10 a mais de 1000% abaixo dos do próprio lubrificante não misturado. As taxas de desgaste dos pinos são reduzidas em factores de 50 a 100 abaixo das dos pinos testados no próprio óleo não misturado. 6 ΕΡ Ο 646 161 /ΡΤ
Embora este invento tenha sido descrito através de vários exemplos e concretizações especificas, é importante perceber que o invento não está por elas limitado, e que o invento pode ser praticado de diversos modos dentro do âmbito das seguintes reivindicações.
Lisboa,
Claims (12)
- ΕΡ Ο 646 161 /ΡΤ 1/2 REIVINDICAÇÕES 1. Composição lubrificante que compreende uma dispersão estável de pelo menos 0,1% em peso de um aditivo de ácido bórico cristalino no estado sólido substancialmente em camadas, possuindo um tamanho de partícula de 0,2 a 40 micrómetros, e um lubrificante de base.
- 2. Composição lubrificante de acordo com a reivindicação 1, em que a composição lubrificante compreende de 10 a 50% em peso de aditivo de ácido bórico no estado sólido.
- 3. Composição lubrificante de acordo com a reivindicação 1 ou reivindicação 2, em que o referido lubrificante é seleccionado do grupo que consiste em óleos de petróleo, óleos minerais, óleos sintéticos e óleos de silício, e suas misturas.
- 4. Composição lubrificante de acordo com a reivindicação 3, em que o referido aditivo de ácido bórico no estado sólido está disperso numa mistura com óleos sintéticos.
- 5. Composição lubrificante de acordo com a reivindicação 3, em que o referido aditivo de ácido bórico no estado sólido está disperso numa mistura com óleos minerais e sintéticos.
- 6. Composição lubrificante de acordo com qualquer reivindicação precedente, que ainda inclui aditivos do grupo que consiste em anti-oxidantes, passivadores metálicos, inibidores de corrosão, melhoradores do índice de viscosidade, redutores do ponto de fluidez, dispersantes, detergentes, aditivos de pressão extrema, aditivos anti-desgaste e suas misturas.
- 7. Composição lubrificante de acordo com qualquer reivindicação precedente, que inclui adicionalmente um dispersante numa quantidade suficiente para manter o referido aditivo de ácido bórico no estado sólido numa dispersão homogénea.
- 8. Composição lubrificante de acordo com a reivindicação 1, em que o lubrificante de base é uma gordura. ΕΡ Ο 646 161 /ΡΤ 2/2
- 9. Composição lubrificante de acordo com a reivindicação 8, em que a referida gordura é seleccionada do grupo que consiste em gorduras de base minerais e sintéticas com e sem outras partículas sólidas de lubrificante.
- 10. Composição lubrificante de acordo com qualquer reivindicação precedente, em que o referido aditivo produz quimicamente e liberta ácido bórico.
- 11. Composição lubrificante de acordo com a reivindicação 10, em que o referido aditivo compreende um óxido de boro.
- 12. Composição lubrificante de acordo com a reivindicação 1, em que a composição lubrificante compreende de 0,5 a 50% em peso de um aditivo de ácido bórico no estado sólido. Lisboa,
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| US4735146A (en) * | 1986-04-23 | 1988-04-05 | Amoco Corporation | Ballistic lubricating grease, ammunition and process |
| US4995994A (en) * | 1988-04-20 | 1991-02-26 | Singer & Hersch Industrial Development | Lubricant |
| US5006270A (en) * | 1989-05-01 | 1991-04-09 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Mixed resorcinol-hydroxyester borates as antioxidants |
| US5173204A (en) * | 1989-06-08 | 1992-12-22 | Century Oils (Canada), Inc. | Solid lubricant with high and positive friction characteristic |
| GB2245894B (en) * | 1990-05-21 | 1993-02-24 | Canadian Forest Prod | Suppression of degradation of lignocellulose/polyethylene compositions |
| US5093015A (en) * | 1990-06-11 | 1992-03-03 | Jet-Lube, Inc. | Thread sealant and anti-seize compound |
| IT1240503B (it) * | 1990-07-25 | 1993-12-17 | Butterfly Srl | Miscela polimerica amidacea particolarmente per la produzione di film e simili e procedimento per la sua produzione. |
| PT646161E (pt) * | 1992-06-16 | 2007-06-06 | Univ Chicago | Lubrificação melhorada a partir de uma mistura de ácido bórico com óleos e gorduras. |
| JPH0657131A (ja) * | 1992-08-14 | 1994-03-01 | Mitsubishi Petrochem Co Ltd | 熱可塑性樹脂組成物 |
| US5384352A (en) * | 1993-07-28 | 1995-01-24 | Hoechst Celanese Corp. | Self lubricating polybenzimidazole shaped articles |
-
1993
- 1993-06-16 PT PT93916570T patent/PT646161E/pt unknown
- 1993-06-16 WO PCT/US1993/005772 patent/WO1993025642A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-06-16 AU AU46377/93A patent/AU4637793A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-06-16 CA CA002138275A patent/CA2138275C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-16 AT AT93916570T patent/ATE361967T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-16 ES ES93916570T patent/ES2286816T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-16 DK DK93916570T patent/DK0646161T3/da active
- 1993-06-16 DE DE69334137T patent/DE69334137T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-16 EP EP93916570A patent/EP0646161B1/en not_active Revoked
-
1994
- 1994-06-07 US US08/255,231 patent/US5431830A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-09-26 US US08/720,221 patent/US6025306A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0646161A1 (en) | 1995-04-05 |
| EP0646161B1 (en) | 2007-05-09 |
| ATE361967T1 (de) | 2007-06-15 |
| AU4637793A (en) | 1994-01-04 |
| HK1014371A1 (en) | 1999-09-24 |
| CA2138275A1 (en) | 1993-12-23 |
| DK0646161T3 (da) | 2007-07-30 |
| WO1993025642A1 (en) | 1993-12-23 |
| ES2286816T3 (es) | 2007-12-01 |
| EP0646161A4 (en) | 1995-12-27 |
| US5431830A (en) | 1995-07-11 |
| US6025306A (en) | 2000-02-15 |
| DE69334137T2 (de) | 2008-01-10 |
| DE69334137D1 (de) | 2007-06-21 |
| CA2138275C (en) | 1999-12-14 |
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