PL82715B1 - Diffusion treatment processes[ca946159a] - Google Patents
Diffusion treatment processes[ca946159a] Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PL82715B1 PL82715B1 PL1969135798A PL13579869A PL82715B1 PL 82715 B1 PL82715 B1 PL 82715B1 PL 1969135798 A PL1969135798 A PL 1969135798A PL 13579869 A PL13579869 A PL 13579869A PL 82715 B1 PL82715 B1 PL 82715B1
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- ions
- liquid
- bath
- article
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title description 24
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000282994 Cervidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000938605 Crocodylia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910013553 LiNO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007495 chemical tempering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052664 nepheline Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010434 nepheline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001419 rubidium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTHYXYOJKHGZJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium nitrate Inorganic materials [Rb+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O RTHYXYOJKHGZJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 vitrocrystalline Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B27/00—Tempering or quenching glass products
- C03B27/04—Tempering or quenching glass products using gas
- C03B27/0413—Stresses, e.g. patterns, values or formulae for flat or bent glass sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B27/00—Tempering or quenching glass products
- C03B27/02—Tempering or quenching glass products using liquid
- C03B27/03—Tempering or quenching glass products using liquid the liquid being a molten metal or a molten salt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B27/00—Tempering or quenching glass products
- C03B27/02—Tempering or quenching glass products using liquid
- C03B27/03—Tempering or quenching glass products using liquid the liquid being a molten metal or a molten salt
- C03B27/035—Tempering or quenching glass products using liquid the liquid being a molten metal or a molten salt the liquid being sprayed on the object
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B27/00—Tempering or quenching glass products
- C03B27/04—Tempering or quenching glass products using gas
- C03B27/052—Tempering or quenching glass products using gas for flat or bent glass sheets being in a vertical position
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
- C03C21/001—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions
- C03C21/002—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions to perform ion-exchange between alkali ions
- C03C21/003—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions to perform ion-exchange between alkali ions under application of an electrical potential difference
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU56873 | 1968-09-12 | ||
| GB4089269A GB1274733A (en) | 1969-08-15 | 1969-08-15 | Process for modifying glass and other articles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL82715B1 true PL82715B1 (en) | 1975-10-31 |
Family
ID=26264531
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL1969135798A PL82715B1 (en) | 1968-09-12 | 1969-09-12 | Diffusion treatment processes[ca946159a] |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE738528A (cs) |
| BG (1) | BG17288A3 (cs) |
| CA (1) | CA946159A (cs) |
| CH (1) | CH518243A (cs) |
| CS (1) | CS167257B2 (cs) |
| DE (1) | DE1946352C3 (cs) |
| DK (1) | DK141331B (cs) |
| ES (1) | ES371481A1 (cs) |
| FI (1) | FI50873C (cs) |
| FR (1) | FR2017881A1 (cs) |
| IL (1) | IL32991A (cs) |
| NL (1) | NL167403C (cs) |
| NO (1) | NO124872B (cs) |
| PL (1) | PL82715B1 (cs) |
| SE (1) | SE356957B (cs) |
| YU (1) | YU32899B (cs) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6516634B1 (en) * | 1999-02-12 | 2003-02-11 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Strengthening, crack arrest and multiple cracking in brittle materials using residual stresses |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1306325A (fr) * | 1960-11-15 | 1962-10-13 | Research Corp | Procédé de traitement du verre |
| FR1418380A (fr) * | 1963-12-04 | 1965-11-19 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Procédé de traitement du verre |
| BE674212A (cs) * | 1964-12-23 |
-
1969
- 1969-09-02 CH CH1327569A patent/CH518243A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-09-08 FR FR6930520A patent/FR2017881A1/fr active Granted
- 1969-09-08 BE BE738528D patent/BE738528A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-09-09 FI FI692582A patent/FI50873C/fi active
- 1969-09-09 NO NO3598/69A patent/NO124872B/no unknown
- 1969-09-09 DK DK482869AA patent/DK141331B/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-09-11 YU YU2326/69A patent/YU32899B/xx unknown
- 1969-09-12 CA CA061,920A patent/CA946159A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-09-12 CS CS6219A patent/CS167257B2/cs unknown
- 1969-09-12 NL NL6913964.A patent/NL167403C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-09-12 ES ES371481A patent/ES371481A1/es not_active Expired
- 1969-09-12 IL IL32991A patent/IL32991A/xx unknown
- 1969-09-12 BG BG013009A patent/BG17288A3/xx unknown
- 1969-09-12 DE DE1946352A patent/DE1946352C3/de not_active Expired
- 1969-09-12 PL PL1969135798A patent/PL82715B1/pl unknown
- 1969-10-09 SE SE12433/69A patent/SE356957B/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL6913964A (cs) | 1970-03-16 |
| CH518243A (fr) | 1972-01-31 |
| IL32991A (en) | 1973-05-31 |
| IL32991A0 (en) | 1969-11-30 |
| ES371481A1 (es) | 1971-10-16 |
| DE1946352B2 (de) | 1978-06-15 |
| NL167403C (nl) | 1981-12-16 |
| DK141331B (da) | 1980-02-25 |
| FR2017881B1 (cs) | 1973-10-19 |
| YU32899B (en) | 1975-10-31 |
| YU232669A (en) | 1975-04-30 |
| FI50873C (fi) | 1976-08-10 |
| BG17288A3 (bg) | 1973-07-25 |
| BE738528A (cs) | 1970-03-09 |
| SE356957B (cs) | 1973-06-12 |
| NL167403B (nl) | 1981-07-16 |
| FR2017881A1 (en) | 1970-05-22 |
| NO124872B (cs) | 1972-06-19 |
| DE1946352C3 (de) | 1979-06-13 |
| DE1946352A1 (de) | 1970-08-27 |
| CS167257B2 (cs) | 1976-04-29 |
| DK141331C (cs) | 1980-09-15 |
| CA946159A (en) | 1974-04-30 |
| FI50873B (cs) | 1976-04-30 |
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