PL72644B1 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- PL72644B1 PL72644B1 PL1969134707A PL13470769A PL72644B1 PL 72644 B1 PL72644 B1 PL 72644B1 PL 1969134707 A PL1969134707 A PL 1969134707A PL 13470769 A PL13470769 A PL 13470769A PL 72644 B1 PL72644 B1 PL 72644B1
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- metal
- mass
- molten metal
- anodes
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 153
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 91
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 101100493711 Caenorhabditis elegans bath-41 gene Proteins 0.000 description 5
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001152 Bi alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940045803 cuprous chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000051 modifying effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical compound [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAAXRTPGRLVPFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Bi].[Cu] Chemical compound [Bi].[Cu] QAAXRTPGRLVPFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009791 electrochemical migration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000289 melt material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001455 metallic ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
- C03C21/001—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions
- C03C21/005—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions to introduce in the glass such metals or metallic ions as Ag, Cu
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B18/00—Shaping glass in contact with the surface of a liquid
- C03B18/02—Forming sheets
- C03B18/14—Changing the surface of the glass ribbon, e.g. roughening
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB3367668 | 1968-07-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL72644B1 true PL72644B1 (en, 2012) | 1974-08-30 |
Family
ID=10356007
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL1969134707A PL72644B1 (en, 2012) | 1968-07-15 | 1969-07-09 |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3622295A (en, 2012) |
| BE (1) | BE736108A (en, 2012) |
| CS (1) | CS163740B2 (en, 2012) |
| DE (1) | DE1935160B2 (en, 2012) |
| ES (2) | ES369505A1 (en, 2012) |
| FR (1) | FR2012969B1 (en, 2012) |
| GB (1) | GB1264958A (en, 2012) |
| LU (1) | LU59091A1 (en, 2012) |
| NL (1) | NL145208B (en, 2012) |
| PL (1) | PL72644B1 (en, 2012) |
| RO (1) | RO55314A (en, 2012) |
| SU (1) | SU380012A3 (en, 2012) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1423171A (en) * | 1972-06-05 | 1976-01-28 | Pilkington Brothers Ltd | Manufacture of surface glass |
| US4088471A (en) * | 1974-06-14 | 1978-05-09 | Pilkington Brothers Limited | Apparatus for coating glass |
| AU7016574A (en) * | 1974-06-18 | 1975-12-18 | Matvienko V Y | Photomasks |
| US3896016A (en) * | 1974-07-05 | 1975-07-22 | Rca Corp | Fabrication of liquid crystal devices |
| FR2304104A1 (fr) * | 1975-03-11 | 1976-10-08 | Bokov Jury | Procede d'obtention des masques colores de photogravure |
| USRE31220E (en) * | 1977-11-30 | 1983-04-26 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Electromigration method for making stained glass photomasks |
| US4155735A (en) * | 1977-11-30 | 1979-05-22 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Electromigration method for making stained glass photomasks |
| US4309495A (en) * | 1978-08-02 | 1982-01-05 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method for making stained glass photomasks from photographic emulsion |
| US6696035B2 (en) * | 1993-07-27 | 2004-02-24 | Elkem Asa | Method for production of white microsilica |
| RU2104974C1 (ru) * | 1995-12-14 | 1998-02-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Салаватстекло" | Способ электрохимической обработки ленты листового стекла |
| IL126212A0 (en) * | 1996-03-18 | 1999-05-09 | Dynelec Corp | Method of making glass |
| WO2004028987A1 (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2004-04-08 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Apparatus and method for producing float glass having reduced defect density |
| DE102004040842B4 (de) * | 2004-08-23 | 2009-12-24 | Schott Ag | Verfahren zum Floaten von reduktionsempfindlichen Phosphatgläsern und Verwendung von Bismut |
| US9988304B2 (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2018-06-05 | Guardian Glass, LLC | Method of strengthening glass by plasma induced ion exchanges in connection with tin baths, and articles made according to the same |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2428600A (en) * | 1945-03-06 | 1947-10-07 | Glass Science Inc | Method of staining glass with copper halide vapors |
| US2647068A (en) * | 1948-03-16 | 1953-07-28 | Bishop H Russell | Process of treating vitreous materials |
| LU48531A1 (en, 2012) * | 1965-05-06 | 1966-11-07 | ||
| GB1151853A (en) * | 1965-07-09 | 1969-05-14 | Pilkington Brothers Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the Manufacture of Flat Glass. |
| US3429742A (en) * | 1965-09-10 | 1969-02-25 | Corning Glass Works | Red stained soda lime glass |
| FR1498643A (fr) * | 1965-09-10 | 1967-10-20 | Corning Glass Works | Verre sodocalcique cémenté en rouge |
| US3479217A (en) * | 1967-05-31 | 1969-11-18 | Owens Illinois Inc | Copper-coated glass article |
-
1968
- 1968-07-15 GB GB3367668A patent/GB1264958A/en not_active Expired
-
1969
- 1969-07-07 US US839248A patent/US3622295A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1969-07-08 DE DE19691935160 patent/DE1935160B2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1969-07-09 PL PL1969134707A patent/PL72644B1/pl unknown
- 1969-07-11 LU LU59091D patent/LU59091A1/xx unknown
- 1969-07-11 FR FR6923676A patent/FR2012969B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1969-07-14 ES ES369505A patent/ES369505A1/es not_active Expired
- 1969-07-14 CS CS694974A patent/CS163740B2/cs unknown
- 1969-07-14 ES ES369506A patent/ES369506A1/es not_active Expired
- 1969-07-15 NL NL696910840A patent/NL145208B/xx unknown
- 1969-07-15 RO RO60536A patent/RO55314A/ro unknown
- 1969-07-15 BE BE736108D patent/BE736108A/xx unknown
- 1969-07-15 SU SU1349047A patent/SU380012A3/ru active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES369505A1 (es) | 1971-04-01 |
| GB1264958A (en, 2012) | 1972-02-23 |
| RO55314A (en, 2012) | 1973-07-20 |
| ES369506A1 (es) | 1971-04-01 |
| FR2012969B1 (en, 2012) | 1974-08-09 |
| DE1935160B2 (de) | 1972-04-20 |
| DE1935160A1 (de) | 1970-02-19 |
| NL145208B (nl) | 1975-03-17 |
| FR2012969A1 (en, 2012) | 1970-03-27 |
| BE736108A (en, 2012) | 1970-01-15 |
| NL6910840A (en, 2012) | 1970-01-19 |
| US3622295A (en) | 1971-11-23 |
| LU59091A1 (en, 2012) | 1969-11-24 |
| CS163740B2 (en) | 1975-11-07 |
| SU380012A3 (en, 2012) | 1973-04-20 |
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