NZ518549A - Refrigeration device, such as a refrigerator, a refrigerator/freezer combination or the like - Google Patents

Refrigeration device, such as a refrigerator, a refrigerator/freezer combination or the like

Info

Publication number
NZ518549A
NZ518549A NZ518549A NZ51854900A NZ518549A NZ 518549 A NZ518549 A NZ 518549A NZ 518549 A NZ518549 A NZ 518549A NZ 51854900 A NZ51854900 A NZ 51854900A NZ 518549 A NZ518549 A NZ 518549A
Authority
NZ
New Zealand
Prior art keywords
refrigeration
collecting
condenser
absorbent element
container
Prior art date
Application number
NZ518549A
Inventor
Wolfgang Nuiding
Hans-Frieder Eberhardt
Original Assignee
Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete filed Critical Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete
Publication of NZ518549A publication Critical patent/NZ518549A/en

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/14Collecting or removing condensed and defrost water; Drip trays
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/04Condensers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2321/00Details or arrangements for defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2321/14Collecting condense or defrost water; Removing condense or defrost water
    • F25D2321/141Removal by evaporation
    • F25D2321/1411Removal by evaporation using compressor heat
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2321/00Details or arrangements for defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2321/14Collecting condense or defrost water; Removing condense or defrost water
    • F25D2321/141Removal by evaporation
    • F25D2321/1412Removal by evaporation using condenser heat or heat of desuperheaters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2321/00Details or arrangements for defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2321/14Collecting condense or defrost water; Removing condense or defrost water
    • F25D2321/147Collecting condense or defrost water; Removing condense or defrost water characterised by capillary, wick, adsorbent, or evaporation elements

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Removal Of Water From Condensation And Defrosting (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Food-Manufacturing Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a refrigeration device (10) with a heat-insulating housing (11) that has at least one door and with a heat exchanger that is used as a condenser (20). The refrigeration device further comprises a collecting container (16) that collects the melt water produced in the defrost operation of the refrigeration device. The problem one is often faced with in such refrigeration devices is that the running times of the refrigerant compressor (14) are substantially reduced owing to the highly efficient heat insulation so that the evaporation of the melt water favored by the heat dissipated by the compressor (14) is reduced to such an extent that it cannot be excluded that the water in the collecting container will spill over. According to the invention, this problem is solved by removing the melt water from the container (16) to a certain minimum level by means of an absorbent, hydrophilic material (23), said absorbing material (23) being exposed to the heat dissipated by the condenser (20) to accelerate the evaporation rate of the absorbed melt water.

Description

Refrigeration Device, such as a Refrigerator, Refrigerator-Freezer Combination, or the Like The invention relates to refrigeration apparatus, such as a refrigerator, refrigerator-freezer combination, or suchlike, with - a thermoinsulating housing that has at least one door, and with - at least one heat-exchanger serving as a condenser, and with - a collecting-container into which melt-water produced during the defrost-operation of the refrigeration-apparatus is introduced.
In refrigeration-apparatuses, the introduction of the melt-water—produced during the defrosting phase of the apparatus's condenser—into a condensation-water collecting pan serving as the collecting-container is known in the art. This condensation-water collecting pan is subjected to the waste heat from the refrigerant-condenser of the refrigeration-apparatus, to increase the evaporation performance. Subjecting the condensation-water collecting pan to the action of the waste heat from the refrigerant-condenser is brought about either by mounting the condensation-water collecting pan directly on the condenser housing or by arranging the condensation-water collecting pan in the immediate vicinity of the refrigerant-condenser. In spite of this heating effect—which is relatively intense in itself—on the melt-water in the condensation-water collecting pan, it can occur that the volumetric collection capacity of the condensation-water collecting pan is not sufficient and the water overflows. This results, on the one hand, from the surface temperatures of the condenser being considerably reduced—having been fine-tuned for energy-saving—and, on the other hand, from the high-efficiency thermal insulation of the refrigeration-apparatus considerably reducing the required running time of the refrigerant-condenser, thereby considerably limiting the amount of waste heat from the condenser. In addition, larger amounts of melt-water occur due to cyclical defrost-operations, and this melt-water is then only evaporated very slowly, due to the reduced waste heat from the condenser.
The objective of the invention is to promote the evaporation of the melt-water, by simple design measures, in a refrigeration-apparatus according to the generic part of claim 1, or at least to provide the public with a useful choice.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OFFICE OF N.Z 18 AUG 2003 RECEIVED Aldridge & Co Patent, Legal, & Technical Translations Wellington, New Zealand [ WO 01/31267 ] [ PCT/EP00/10067 ] This objective is achieved through the invention in that an absorbent element, made—at least to a very great extent—from material that is absorbent and hydrophilic, projects into the collecting-space of the collecting-container, and in that at least part of said absorbent element is 5 acted upon by the waste heat of the condenser.
The absorption of melt-water from the collecting-container not only prevents overfilling of the container and thus overflowing of the melt-water but also, at the same time, increases the meltwater evaporation performance in an energy-neutral manner—namely without using additional heating means— 10 by using the waste-heat from the condenser. If the absorbent element is designed to be flexible, then it can be introduced, without any production-engineering problems, at least into the vicinity of the waste-heat-emitting surface of the condenser, to increase the evaporation performance (said condenser being e.g. a planar, a flat-surfaced, or even a coiled condenser.), is The absorbent element also results in an increase in the evaporation surface area for the melt-water, thereby further increasing the evaporation performance.
A particularly favourable effect is produced on the evaporation performance if, as in a preferred form of embodiment of the subject-matter of the 20 invention, at least part of the absorbent element is brought into thermoconductive contact with the condenser. Due to this direct thermoconductive contact, not only is the path of the radiant heat shortened, but at the same time, heat-transfer optimal for increasing the evaporation-performance is created between the condenser and the absorbent element.
In another preferred form of embodiment of the subject-matter of the invention, the absorbent element is arranged so that the end thereof that projects into the collecting-space of the collecting-container is at a minimum distance above the bottom of the collecting-container.
Such an arrangement of the absorbent element in relation to the collecting-30 space of the collecting-container ensures that the absorbent element serves as a type of overflow safety-device for the collecting-container, and also ensures that, when the melt-water level is below the end projecting into the collecting-space, the absorbent element dries out completely. As a Aldridge & Co 3 Patent, legal, & Technical Translations Wellington, New Zealand [ WO 01/31267 ] [ PCT/EP00/10067 ] result, any possible growth of bacteria is at least very considerably restricted, if not totally prevented.
In another preferred form of embodiment of the subject-matter of the invention, the absorbent element is planar, with one edge of its surface 5 projecting into the collecting-space of the collecting-container.
The planar format of the absorbent element increases its evaporation performance, due to the edge of its surface being constantly available as an absorbent edge. At the same time, the planar form of the absorbent element considerably increases the evaporation surface area thereof, serving to 10 increase evaporation. This surface, when in planar thermoconductive contact with the condenser, can be coupled to the condenser particularly intensively for highly efficient melt-water evaporation.
The planar absorbent element is particularly easy to form, in another advantageous form of embodiment of the subject-matter of the invention, in 15 which the absorbent element is rectangular, with the edge of one of its shorter sides projecting into the collecting-space of the collecting-container. This rectangular format of the absorbent element makes it possible to have a condensation-water collecting container that is optimized with regard to reducing its longitudinal dimensions, without thereby adversely affecting the 20 absorbing and evaporating effect of the absorbent element, because with the rectangular form of the absorbent element, particularly in conjunction with the planar condenser, it is possible to use that latter's overall height, at least partly, for heat-transfer to the absorbent element.
It is particularly advantageous if, as in another advantageous form of 25 embodiment of the subject-matter of the invention, the absorbent element is made—at least to a very great extent—of cellulose material.
A particularly simple and efficient use for an absorbent element in a refrigeration-apparatus occurs when, as in another preferred form of embodiment of the subject-matter of the invention, the refrigeration-30 apparatus is equipped with a planar condenser on the back of the side of the apparatus that is opposite the door, and has, beneath said condenser, a machine chamber with a refrigerant-condenser and a condensation-water collecting pan serving as the collecting-container, into which the absorbent Aldridge & Co Patent, Legal, & Technical Translations Wellington, New Zealand [ WO 01/31267 ] [ PCT/EP00/10067 ] element, which is brought at least approximately into thermoconductive contact with the condenser, projects leaving a minimum distance to the bottom of the pan. In such a refrigeration-apparatus, the absorbent element can be mounted on the refrigeration-apparatus in a particularly production-5 engineering-friendly and hence relatively inexpensive manner, while providing at the same time particularly favourable heat transfer from the condenser to the absorbent element.
In another advantageous form of embodiment of the subject-matter of the invention, the surface of the absorbent element has an edge whose length 10 is essentially matched to the major dimension of the condensation-water collecting pan.
This manner of introducing the absorbent element into the condensation-water collecting pan enables particularly effective absorbent behaviour on the part of the absorbent element to be achieved, with the result that larger 15 amounts of melt-water can be absorbed in a relatively short time from the collecting-space of the condensation-water collecting pan, to a predetermined minimum water level.
The absorbent element can be exchanged particularly easily in the event of a fall-off in absorption performance or contamination with mould, if, as in a 20 final preferred form of embodiment of the subject-matter of the invention, the absorbent element is mounted detachably and—at least to a very great extent—in thermoconductive contact with the condenser.
The invention will now be explained in the following description, by way of an embodiment-example illustrated in a simplified manner in the appended 25 drawing.
In the drawing, the sole Figure shows the rear of a table-top refrigerator with an absorbent non-woven material fastened to its wire-and-tube condenser, with one end of the non-woven material projecting into the collecting-space of a condensation-water collecting pan.
The sole Figure is a cut-away, simplified representation of a refrigerating apparatus in the form of a table-top refrigerator 10, with a thermoinsulating housing 11. The housing 11 has, on its rear-side 12—more specifically, on Aldridge & Co 5 Patent, Legal, ft Technical Translations Wellington, New Zealand [ WO 01/31267 ] [ PCT/EP00/10067 ] the lower end section thereof—a machine chamber 13 recessed niche-wise relative to the rear-side 12, inside which a refrigerant-compressor 14 is mounted on a support-rail 15 running the width of the machine chamber 13. The compressor 14 bears, on the upper end section thereof facing away 5 from the support-rail 15, a condensation-water collecting pan 16 made e.g. in one piece by plastic injection moulding, into which the melt-water occurring during the defrost-operation of the table-top refrigerator 10 is introduced. The condensation-water collecting pan 16 has a bottom 17 and, running round the edges thereof, a side-wall 18, which, together with the 10 bottom 17, defines a condensation-water collecting space 19.
On the rear-side 12, at a distance above the condensation-water collecting pan 16, a planar condenser 20 is provided, which in the present instance is a wire-and-tube condenser with a meandering tubeline 21 with wire rods 22 arranged across said tubeline 21. On one of the horizontal sections of the 15 tubeline 21, there is mounted a planar, rectangular, absorbent element 23, A4 (DIN) in size, consisting of an absorbent, hydrophilic material, e.g. a cellulose-based material. This absorbent element 23 lies with the rectangular surface thereof that faces the planar condenser 20 being at least very substantially in thermoconductive contact with the heat-exchange 20 area of the condenser 20, said area being formed by the wire rods 22. The rectangular absorbent element's end-section 24 near the compressor 14 extends into the condensation-water collecting space 19, and the lateral edge 25 forming the free end of the end-section 24 is arranged at a distance above the bottom 17, and therefore the condensation-water 25 collecting space 19 must always be filled with a certain minimum amount of condensation water to be able to moisten the absorbent element 23. The length of the edge 25 is matched to the length of the longer side of the condensation-water collecting pan 16, as a result of which the absorbent element 23 can absorb melt-water over the entire length of the 30 condensation-water collecting pan 16, once the melt-water level in the condensation-water collecting space 19 exceeds a minimum height, i.e. the height level of the edge 25. Melt-water having risen above this minimum height level, and having been absorbed from the condensation-water collecting space 19 by the capillary action of the material of the absorbent-35 element, is conducted, by capillary action, through the end-section 24, and onward to the section of the absorbent element 23 that is in direct, Aldridge & Co 6 Patent, Legal, & Technical Translations Wellington, New Zealand [ WO 01/31267 ] [ PCT/EP00/10067 ] thermoconductive contact with the condenser 20. In this region of the absorbent element 23, the melt-water is evaporated by the heating effect of the condenser 20 on the surface of the absorbent element 23. The absorption of the melt-water from the condensation-water collecting space 5 19, as far as certain minimum level, creates a type of overflow safety device, which, when melt-water occurs in large quantities, prevents overfilling of the condensation-water collecting space, and thus, overflowing of the condensation-water collecting pan 16.
Absorbent elements with weights-per-unit-of-area of 150 g/m2, 220 g/m2 or io 330 g/m2, with components made of lignocellulose, short-cut cellulose fibres, polyester fibres, or melt-fibres have already produced good results as regards a marked increase in meltwater evaporation performance. Impregnation of the absorbent-element to prevent mould has also proved beneficial.

Claims (10)

7 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OFRCE OF N.Z 18 AUG 2003 RECEIVED What we claim is: -
1. A refrigeration apparatus, such as a refrigerator, refrigerator-freezer combination, or suchlike: with a thermoinsulating housing that has at least one door; and with at least one heat-exchanger serving as a condenser; and with a collecting-container into which melt-water produced during the defrost-operation of the refrigeration-apparatus is introduced; in which an absorbent element, made—at least to a very great extent—from absorbent, hydrophilic material, projects into the collecting space of the collecting container; and at least part of said element is acted upon by the waste-heat given off by the condenser; wherein the end of the absorbent element that projects into the collecting space of the collecting-container is arranged at a minimum distance above the bottom of the collecting container.
2. A refrigeration-apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that at least part of the absorbent element is brought into thermoconductive contact with the condenser.
3. A refrigeration-apparatus as claimed claim 1 to 2, characterized in that the absorbent element is planar, with one edge thereof projecting into the collecting-space of the collecting-container and ending at a distance above the latter's bottom.
4. A refrigeration-apparatus as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the absorbent element is rectangular, with one of its shorter edges projecting into the collecting-space of the collecting-container, and ending at a distance above the latter's bottom 17.
5. A refrigeration-apparatus as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the absorbent element is made—at least to a very great extent—of cellulose material.
6. A refrigeration-apparatus as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the refrigeration-apparatus is equipped with a planar condenser on the rear of the wall of the refrigeration-apparatus that is opposite the door thereof; and below this, there is a machine chamber with a refrigerant-compressor and a condensation-water collecting pan serving as a collecting-container, in[to] which the planar absorbent element, which is brought, at least approximately, into thermoconductive contact with the 8 condenser, has one of its edges projecting, with a minimum distance between the latter and the bottom wall of the condensation-water collecting pan.
7. A refrigeration-apparatus as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the length of the lateral edge of the surface of the absorbent element is matched, at least essentially, to the magnitude of the dimension of the condensation-water collecting pan.
8. A refrigeration-apparatus as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the absorbent element is mounted detachably, in thermoconductive contact—at least to a very great extent—with the condenser.
9.^ 9. A refrigeration apparatus as claimed in claim 1, substantially as herein described.
10. A refrigeration apparatus substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawing. END OF CLAIMS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OFFICE OF N.Z 18 AUG 2003 RECEIVED
NZ518549A 1999-10-27 2000-10-12 Refrigeration device, such as a refrigerator, a refrigerator/freezer combination or the like NZ518549A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19951766A DE19951766A1 (en) 1999-10-27 1999-10-27 Refrigeration device, such as a refrigerator, a fridge-freezer or the like
PCT/EP2000/010067 WO2001031267A1 (en) 1999-10-27 2000-10-12 Refrigeration device, such as a refrigerator, a refrigerator/freezer combination or the like

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
NZ518549A true NZ518549A (en) 2003-10-31

Family

ID=7927062

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NZ518549A NZ518549A (en) 1999-10-27 2000-10-12 Refrigeration device, such as a refrigerator, a refrigerator/freezer combination or the like

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1228338B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1171060C (en)
AT (1) ATE269963T1 (en)
BR (1) BR0015028A (en)
DE (2) DE19951766A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2222243T3 (en)
NZ (1) NZ518549A (en)
TR (1) TR200200743T2 (en)
WO (1) WO2001031267A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6519956B2 (en) * 2001-05-16 2003-02-18 Alan W. Bagley Device and method for operating a refrigeration cycle without evaporator icing
DE10129999A1 (en) * 2001-06-25 2003-01-16 Andre Spiering Method for reducing the operating temperature in a refrigeration system has the evaporator surrounded by water evaporated by a fan
CN100397005C (en) * 2003-12-15 2008-06-25 乐金电子(天津)电器有限公司 Refrigerator with water cooling coagulator
DE202004007069U1 (en) * 2004-05-04 2004-06-24 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Refrigerator with an evaporative body
CN101413768B (en) * 2007-10-15 2012-12-26 开利公司 Anti-freeze protection device and method
JP5294737B2 (en) * 2008-07-09 2013-09-18 ホシザキ電機株式会社 Waste water evaporator for cooling storage
DE202011104868U1 (en) * 2011-08-26 2012-05-30 Aht Cooling Systems Gmbh Refrigerated cabinets, in particular refrigerated shelves
DE102013207862A1 (en) 2013-04-30 2014-10-30 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Domestic refrigerating appliance with a compressor in a waste heat collecting housing
DE102013208232A1 (en) 2013-05-06 2014-11-06 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Domestic refrigerating appliance with a condensate collecting and evaporating device with a conveyor between an evaporation element and a collecting container
DE102013208234A1 (en) 2013-05-06 2014-11-06 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Domestic refrigerating appliance with condensate collection and evaporation device, which has a drainage element
DE102013208236A1 (en) 2013-05-06 2014-11-06 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Domestic refrigerating appliance with a condensate collecting and evaporating device, which has a plurality of separate plates and a wetting device
DE102013208233A1 (en) 2013-05-06 2014-11-06 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Domestic refrigerating appliance with a condensate collecting and evaporating device having a plurality of distribution shells
DE102014223674A1 (en) 2014-11-20 2016-05-25 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Domestic refrigeration unit with special PCM fleece for condensate evaporation
DE102017000237A1 (en) * 2016-03-16 2017-09-21 Liebherr-Hausgeräte Lienz Gmbh Refrigerant circuit for a refrigerator and / or freezer
DE102017201191A1 (en) 2017-01-25 2018-07-26 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Household refrigerator with a pH buffer
DE102022108074A1 (en) 2022-03-08 2023-09-14 Liebherr-Hausgeräte Ochsenhausen GmbH Refrigerator and/or freezer

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US2470547A (en) * 1945-06-30 1949-05-17 Vendorlator Mfg Company Refrigerator having condensate disposal means
FR1416501A (en) * 1964-09-16 1965-11-05 Hotchkiss Brandt Method for activating the evaporation of defrost water from a refrigerator
DE2013974A1 (en) * 1970-03-24 1971-12-23 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin u. 8000 München Draining closed refrigeration chambers - using absorbent material passing through wall
NL7701242A (en) * 1977-02-07 1978-08-09 Philips Nv DEVICE FOR REMOVING MOISTURE FROM A ROOM.
DE3541105A1 (en) * 1985-11-21 1987-05-27 Jens Schwengel Compression refrigeration device
GB2214280B (en) * 1988-01-20 1991-12-11 Toshiba Kk A refrigerator having defrost-water vaporizer
KR970002216A (en) * 1995-06-30 1997-01-24 배순훈 Refrigerator defrost water evaporator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE269963T1 (en) 2004-07-15
CN1171060C (en) 2004-10-13
DE50006905D1 (en) 2004-07-29
BR0015028A (en) 2002-06-18
TR200200743T2 (en) 2002-07-22
CN1384912A (en) 2002-12-11
DE19951766A1 (en) 2001-05-03
ES2222243T3 (en) 2005-02-01
EP1228338A1 (en) 2002-08-07
EP1228338B1 (en) 2004-06-23
WO2001031267A1 (en) 2001-05-03

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