NO894878L - Blanding og fremgangsmaate for belegging av metallflater. - Google Patents
Blanding og fremgangsmaate for belegging av metallflater.Info
- Publication number
- NO894878L NO894878L NO89894878A NO894878A NO894878L NO 894878 L NO894878 L NO 894878L NO 89894878 A NO89894878 A NO 89894878A NO 894878 A NO894878 A NO 894878A NO 894878 L NO894878 L NO 894878L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- solution
- organic
- drying
- mixture according
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- MIMUSZHMZBJBPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methoxy-8-nitroquinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC(OC)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C21 MIMUSZHMZBJBPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trioxide Inorganic materials O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940117975 chromium trioxide Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GAMDZJFZMJECOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+6] GAMDZJFZMJECOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001944 Plastisol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004999 plastisol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 Alkali metal salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical class [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MQRWBMAEBQOWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;nickel Chemical group [Ni].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O MQRWBMAEBQOWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010062 adhesion mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical class [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000028626 extracranial carotid artery aneurysm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical class [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940078494 nickel acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007761 roller coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical class [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/68—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous solutions with pH between 6 and 8
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
- C23C22/37—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also hexavalent chromium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
- C23C22/37—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also hexavalent chromium compounds
- C23C22/38—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also hexavalent chromium compounds containing also phosphates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
- ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
- Communication Cables (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Control Of El Displays (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB888828559A GB8828559D0 (en) | 1988-12-07 | 1988-12-07 | Composition & method for coating metal surfaces |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO894878D0 NO894878D0 (no) | 1989-12-06 |
| NO894878L true NO894878L (no) | 1990-06-08 |
Family
ID=10648104
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO89894878A NO894878L (no) | 1988-12-07 | 1989-12-06 | Blanding og fremgangsmaate for belegging av metallflater. |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5092924A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0372915B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPH02202559A (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE95576T1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU4604389A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2004715C (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE68909756T2 (fr) |
| DK (1) | DK618289A (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2059787T3 (fr) |
| FI (1) | FI895836A0 (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB8828559D0 (fr) |
| NO (1) | NO894878L (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2839111B2 (ja) * | 1990-08-28 | 1998-12-16 | 日本パーカライジング株式会社 | 亜鉛系メッキ鋼板のクロメート処理方法 |
| US5344504A (en) * | 1993-06-22 | 1994-09-06 | Betz Laboratories, Inc. | Treatment for galvanized metal |
| ITMI940194A1 (it) * | 1994-02-03 | 1995-08-03 | Paolo Granata & C S P A | Procedimento di cromatazione o fosfocromatazione e prodotti adatti all'identificazione del processo di trattamento |
| WO2017161582A1 (fr) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-09-28 | 深圳市恒兆智科技有限公司 | Agent de formation d'un film de matériau d'aluminium, matériau d'aluminium et procédé associé de traitement de formation d'un film de surface |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2438877A (en) * | 1945-09-06 | 1948-03-30 | American Chem Paint Co | Composition for and method of coating aluminum |
| DE1250233B (de) * | 1960-10-10 | 1967-09-14 | Amchem Products, Ine , Ambler, Pa (V St A) | Verfahren zum Passivieren von Metalloberflachen |
| NL128122C (fr) * | 1964-12-29 | |||
| US3706604A (en) * | 1971-01-20 | 1972-12-19 | Oxy Metal Finishing Corp | Process for the coating of metal |
| US3876435A (en) * | 1973-10-01 | 1975-04-08 | Amchem Prod | Chromate conversion coating solutions having chloride, sulfate, and nitrate anions |
| US3932198A (en) * | 1974-05-24 | 1976-01-13 | Amchem Products, Inc. | Coating solution having trivalent chromium and manganese for coating metal surfaces |
| US3967984A (en) * | 1975-02-03 | 1976-07-06 | United States Steel Corporation | Method for treating coated ferrous substrates |
| DE2711431C2 (de) * | 1977-03-16 | 1986-12-11 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Metallen |
| US4183772A (en) * | 1978-01-30 | 1980-01-15 | Union Carbide Corporation | Composition and method for coating metal surfaces |
| US4227946A (en) * | 1979-02-09 | 1980-10-14 | Oakite Products, Inc. | No-rinse pre-paint coating composition and method |
| US4266988A (en) * | 1980-03-25 | 1981-05-12 | J. M. Eltzroth & Associates, Inc. | Composition and process for inhibiting corrosion of ferrous or non-ferrous metal surfaced articles and providing receptive surface for synthetic resin coating compositions |
| DE3236247A1 (de) * | 1982-09-30 | 1984-04-12 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur oberflaechenbehandlung von aluminium |
| CA1274754A (fr) * | 1985-09-06 | 1990-10-02 | Gary A. Reghi | Methode et composition pour la passivation des alliages de zinc et aluminium |
| EP0222282A3 (fr) * | 1985-11-04 | 1987-08-19 | HENKEL CORPORATION (a Delaware corp.) | Procédé de dépôt de couches organiques sur des surfaces métalliques |
-
1988
- 1988-12-07 GB GB888828559A patent/GB8828559D0/en active Pending
-
1989
- 1989-12-06 AT AT89312690T patent/ATE95576T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-12-06 EP EP89312690A patent/EP0372915B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-06 ES ES89312690T patent/ES2059787T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-06 CA CA002004715A patent/CA2004715C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-12-06 DE DE89312690T patent/DE68909756T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-12-06 NO NO89894878A patent/NO894878L/no unknown
- 1989-12-07 AU AU46043/89A patent/AU4604389A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1989-12-07 DK DK618289A patent/DK618289A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-12-07 US US07/447,197 patent/US5092924A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-12-07 JP JP1318699A patent/JPH02202559A/ja active Pending
- 1989-12-07 FI FI895836A patent/FI895836A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02202559A (ja) | 1990-08-10 |
| FI895836A0 (fi) | 1989-12-07 |
| DE68909756T2 (de) | 1994-04-14 |
| DE68909756D1 (de) | 1993-11-11 |
| AU4604389A (en) | 1990-06-14 |
| DK618289A (da) | 1990-06-08 |
| CA2004715C (fr) | 2001-11-27 |
| ES2059787T3 (es) | 1994-11-16 |
| CA2004715A1 (fr) | 1990-06-07 |
| EP0372915A1 (fr) | 1990-06-13 |
| GB8828559D0 (en) | 1989-01-11 |
| DK618289D0 (da) | 1989-12-07 |
| EP0372915B1 (fr) | 1993-10-06 |
| NO894878D0 (no) | 1989-12-06 |
| ATE95576T1 (de) | 1993-10-15 |
| US5092924A (en) | 1992-03-03 |
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