NO854070L - Fremgangsm¨te til fremstilling av aldehyder. - Google Patents
Fremgangsm¨te til fremstilling av aldehyder.Info
- Publication number
- NO854070L NO854070L NO854070A NO854070A NO854070L NO 854070 L NO854070 L NO 854070L NO 854070 A NO854070 A NO 854070A NO 854070 A NO854070 A NO 854070A NO 854070 L NO854070 L NO 854070L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- carboxylic compound
- hydrogen
- carboxylic
- weight
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 title description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pivalic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(O)=O IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Natural products CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001559 benzoic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000001243 acetic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FJJYHTVHBVXEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylpropanal Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C=O FJJYHTVHBVXEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHJPKLWGGMAUAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-2-methyl-butanoic acid Chemical compound CCC(C)(CC)C(O)=O LHJPKLWGGMAUAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006828 Rosenmund reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001263 acyl chlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZRYCZAWRXHAAPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha,alpha-dimethyl valeric acid Chemical compound CCCC(C)(C)C(O)=O ZRYCZAWRXHAAPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C47/00—Compounds having —CHO groups
- C07C47/02—Saturated compounds having —CHO groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/41—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by hydrogenolysis or reduction of carboxylic groups or functional derivatives thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB848426006A GB8426006D0 (en) | 1984-10-15 | 1984-10-15 | Preparation of aldehyde |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO854070L true NO854070L (no) | 1986-04-16 |
Family
ID=10568203
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO854070A NO854070L (no) | 1984-10-15 | 1985-10-14 | Fremgangsm¨te til fremstilling av aldehyder. |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4605782A (da) |
| EP (1) | EP0178718B2 (da) |
| JP (1) | JPH0660123B2 (da) |
| KR (1) | KR860003193A (da) |
| DE (1) | DE3569722D1 (da) |
| DK (1) | DK469785A (da) |
| GB (1) | GB8426006D0 (da) |
| NO (1) | NO854070L (da) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3728764A1 (de) * | 1987-08-28 | 1989-03-30 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von aldehyden aus carbonsaeuren oder deren derivaten |
| EP0323137A1 (en) * | 1987-12-30 | 1989-07-05 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Process for the production of ethers |
| US4950799A (en) * | 1989-05-15 | 1990-08-21 | Ethyl Corporation | Process for catalytic reduction of carboxylic acids to aldehydes |
| US5403514A (en) * | 1991-10-07 | 1995-04-04 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Solvent composition and water-repellent/oil-repellent composition using the same |
| JP6480835B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-02 | 2019-03-13 | 株式会社ダイセル | 固体触媒、固体触媒の製造方法、及びアセトアルデヒドの製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE185932C (de) * | 1905-12-14 | 1907-06-07 | Badische Anilin & Soda Fabrik | Verfahren zur Darstellung von Aldehyden |
| US2105540A (en) * | 1935-01-09 | 1938-01-18 | Du Pont | Catalytic hydrogenation process for the production of aldehydes |
| US4093661A (en) * | 1973-06-04 | 1978-06-06 | Union Carbide Corporation | Catalytic decarbonylation of esters |
| CA1226585A (en) * | 1980-05-19 | 1987-09-08 | Masuhiko Tamura | Process for producing acetaldehyde |
| US4329512A (en) * | 1980-10-06 | 1982-05-11 | The Halcon Sd Group, Inc. | Process for preparing acetaldehyde |
| US4356328A (en) * | 1980-10-06 | 1982-10-26 | The Halcon Sd Group, Inc. | Process for the preparation of acetaldehyde |
| US4320229A (en) * | 1980-11-04 | 1982-03-16 | Union Carbide Corporation | Preparation of aliphatic aldehydes from esters |
| CA1213263A (en) * | 1982-08-09 | 1986-10-28 | Freddy Wattimena | Process and catalytic composition for the preparation of aldehydes, and aldehydes thus prepared |
| JPS60152434A (ja) * | 1984-01-18 | 1985-08-10 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind Ltd | 芳香族アルデヒド類の製造方法 |
| EP0150961B1 (en) * | 1984-01-18 | 1988-05-11 | Mitsubishi Kasei Corporation | Catalytic process of producing aromatic aldehydes |
-
1984
- 1984-10-15 GB GB848426006A patent/GB8426006D0/en active Pending
-
1985
- 1985-08-05 US US06/762,647 patent/US4605782A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-10-02 DE DE8585201592T patent/DE3569722D1/de not_active Expired
- 1985-10-02 EP EP85201592A patent/EP0178718B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-10-14 NO NO854070A patent/NO854070L/no unknown
- 1985-10-14 JP JP60227063A patent/JPH0660123B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-10-14 KR KR1019850007539A patent/KR860003193A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1985-10-14 DK DK469785A patent/DK469785A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6197237A (ja) | 1986-05-15 |
| EP0178718A1 (en) | 1986-04-23 |
| JPH0660123B2 (ja) | 1994-08-10 |
| GB8426006D0 (en) | 1984-11-21 |
| KR860003193A (ko) | 1986-05-21 |
| EP0178718B1 (en) | 1989-04-26 |
| DK469785A (da) | 1986-04-16 |
| DE3569722D1 (en) | 1989-06-01 |
| EP0178718B2 (en) | 1993-03-24 |
| US4605782A (en) | 1986-08-12 |
| DK469785D0 (da) | 1985-10-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4420622A (en) | Process for the preparation of a 5-alkyl-butyrolactone | |
| EP0018032B1 (en) | A process for the preparation of a hydrocarbon mixture, and hydrocarbon mixtures so prepared | |
| US4220803A (en) | Catalytic dehydrogenation of ethanol for the production of acetaldehyde and acetic acid | |
| Abid et al. | Synthesis of N‐Heteroaryl (trifluoromethyl) hydroxyalkanoic Acid Esters by Highly Efficient Solid Acid‐Catalyzed Hydroxyalkylation of Indoles and Pyrroles with Activated Trifluoromethyl Ketones | |
| JPH07196553A (ja) | 担持されたロジウム触媒を用いるｔｅｒｔ−ブチルヒドロペルオキシドからｔｅｒｔ−ブチルアルコールの製造方法 | |
| US4251675A (en) | Preparation of diphenylmethane | |
| US4810825A (en) | Method of reducing nitrile into a corresponding alcohol | |
| US4056563A (en) | Method of producing allylacetate | |
| Campanati et al. | Environment-friendly synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds | |
| EP2164629A1 (en) | Process of oxidative dehydrogenation using a boria-alumina catalyst | |
| NO854070L (no) | Fremgangsm¨te til fremstilling av aldehyder. | |
| JPS61218547A (ja) | 水素化方法および水素化触媒 | |
| EP0069514A2 (en) | Alcohol carbonylation catalysts | |
| US6399812B1 (en) | Production of aliphatic esters | |
| JPH07196548A (ja) | ｔｅｒｔ−ブチルヒドロペルオキシドからｔｅｒｔ−ブチルアルコールおよびジ−ｔｅｒｔ−ブチルペルオキシドを同時に製造する方法 | |
| JPS5953249B2 (ja) | 芳香族アルコ−ルの製法 | |
| US4585900A (en) | Hydrogenation of carboxylic acid compounds to aldehydes using Cu/YtO as catalyst | |
| JPH0412256B2 (da) | ||
| CA1234146A (en) | Preparation of carboxylic acids and esters | |
| US4435605A (en) | Process for preparation of 2-phenylethyl alcohols from aromatic aldehydes | |
| EP0039354A1 (en) | Production of carboxylic acids and their esters | |
| US4921980A (en) | Process for the preparation of N-Alkylanilines | |
| US4456760A (en) | Process for the preparation of indoles | |
| JPS5955837A (ja) | 第３級オレフインの製造方法 | |
| EP0191995A1 (en) | Hydrogenation catalysts and their use |