NO793219L - Fremstilling av blymonoxyd fra blysulfat med surt ammoniumacetat - Google Patents
Fremstilling av blymonoxyd fra blysulfat med surt ammoniumacetatInfo
- Publication number
- NO793219L NO793219L NO793219A NO793219A NO793219L NO 793219 L NO793219 L NO 793219L NO 793219 A NO793219 A NO 793219A NO 793219 A NO793219 A NO 793219A NO 793219 L NO793219 L NO 793219L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- lead
- ammonium
- solution
- carbonate
- monoxide
- Prior art date
Links
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 38
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 title claims description 36
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 title claims description 36
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 36
- KEQXNNJHMWSZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,3,2,4$l^{2}-dioxathiaplumbetane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KEQXNNJHMWSZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title description 2
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- YADSGOSSYOOKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxolead Chemical compound O=[Pb]=O YADSGOSSYOOKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 229940046892 lead acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- MFEVGQHCNVXMER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,3,2$l^{2}-dioxaplumbetan-4-one Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]C([O-])=O MFEVGQHCNVXMER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910000003 Lead carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910021514 lead(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- PIJPYDMVFNTHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead sulfate Chemical compound [PbH4+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PIJPYDMVFNTHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 44
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 150000002611 lead compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 6
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 e.g. lead sulphate Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 4
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- QQHJESKHUUVSIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony lead Chemical compound [Sb].[Pb] QQHJESKHUUVSIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011437 continuous method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- XJUNRGGMKUAPAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(dioxo)molybdenum;lead(2+) Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O XJUNRGGMKUAPAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UWRBYRMOUPAKLM-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead arsenate Chemical compound [Pb+2].O[As]([O-])([O-])=O UWRBYRMOUPAKLM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead chromate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K Arsenate3- Chemical class [O-][As]([O-])([O-])=O DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001245 Sb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002140 antimony alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- NKTZYSOLHFIEMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(dioxo)tungsten;lead(2+) Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O NKTZYSOLHFIEMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G21/00—Compounds of lead
- C01G21/02—Oxides
- C01G21/06—Lead monoxide [PbO]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/76—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by a space-group or by other symmetry indications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/950,075 US4220628A (en) | 1978-10-10 | 1978-10-10 | Production of lead monoxide from lead sulfate with acidic ammonium acetate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO793219L true NO793219L (no) | 1980-04-11 |
Family
ID=25489907
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO793219A NO793219L (no) | 1978-10-10 | 1979-10-08 | Fremstilling av blymonoxyd fra blysulfat med surt ammoniumacetat |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4220628A (fi) |
| BE (1) | BE879296A (fi) |
| CA (1) | CA1124035A (fi) |
| DD (2) | DD147936A5 (fi) |
| DE (1) | DE2941136A1 (fi) |
| DK (1) | DK424579A (fi) |
| FI (1) | FI793125A (fi) |
| GB (1) | GB2033883B (fi) |
| NL (1) | NL7907513A (fi) |
| NO (1) | NO793219L (fi) |
| PH (1) | PH15390A (fi) |
| SE (1) | SE7908360L (fi) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4352786A (en) * | 1981-02-24 | 1982-10-05 | Institute Of Nuclear Energy Research | Treatment of copper refinery anode slime |
| FR2515411A1 (fr) * | 1981-10-28 | 1983-04-29 | Telecommunications Sa | Procede et dispositif de fabrication d'un jonc a rainures helicoidales pour cable a fibres optiques et le jonc obtenu selon le procede |
| US4637928A (en) * | 1982-08-06 | 1987-01-20 | Greatbatch Enterprises, Inc. | Method and apparatus for neutralizing reactive material such as batteries |
| US5690718A (en) * | 1995-10-06 | 1997-11-25 | Global Aener/Cology Corp. | Battery paste recycling process |
| IL116753A0 (en) * | 1996-01-14 | 1996-05-14 | Margulead Ltd | A process for the manufacture of pure lead oxide from exhausted batteries |
| US7507496B1 (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2009-03-24 | Toxco, Inc | Process for recovering lead oxides from exhausted batteries |
| ITBR20050002A1 (it) | 2005-04-19 | 2006-10-20 | Stc S R L Software | Procedimento per la produzione di idrato od ossido di piombo a purezza elevata da materiali e/o residui contenenti piombo sotto forma di solfati ed eventualmente di ossidi e/o di altri composti. |
| ITVA20070007A1 (it) | 2007-01-17 | 2008-07-18 | Millbrook Lead Recycling Techn | Recupero del piombo sottoforma di carbonato ad altissima purezza da pastello di recupero dalla frantumazione di accumulatori al piombo esausti |
| US9670565B2 (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2017-06-06 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Systems and methods for the hydrometallurgical recovery of lead from spent lead-acid batteries and the preparation of lead oxide for use in new lead-acid batteries |
| US9555386B2 (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2017-01-31 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Systems and methods for closed-loop recycling of a liquid component of a leaching mixture when recycling lead from spent lead-acid batteries |
| US10062933B2 (en) | 2015-12-14 | 2018-08-28 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Hydrometallurgical electrowinning of lead from spent lead-acid batteries |
| IT201800005267A1 (it) | 2018-05-11 | 2019-11-11 | Procedimento per la desolforazione di materiali e/o residui contenenti solfato di piombo mediante un composto amminico | |
| CN110734080B (zh) * | 2019-12-04 | 2021-09-10 | 青海东台吉乃尔锂资源股份有限公司 | 洗涤碳酸锂的方法 |
| CN110902701B (zh) * | 2019-12-04 | 2021-09-10 | 青海东台吉乃尔锂资源股份有限公司 | 洗涤碳酸锂的装置 |
| CN113277550B (zh) * | 2021-05-24 | 2023-03-21 | 湖北华德莱节能减排科技有限公司 | 一种含铅固废处理方法、二氧化铅粉末的制备方法及应用 |
| CN115557530B (zh) * | 2022-09-14 | 2023-08-22 | 超威电源集团有限公司 | 一种废铅膏制备电池级氧化铅的方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US509057A (en) * | 1893-11-21 | Elwyn waller | ||
| CH402827A (de) * | 1960-12-31 | 1965-11-30 | Varta Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bleihydroxydoxyd 5 Pb0.2 H2O |
| DE1153735B (de) * | 1960-12-31 | 1963-09-05 | Varta Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bleihydroxidoxid 5 PbOíñ2HO |
| NL6500458A (fi) * | 1965-01-15 | 1966-07-18 | ||
| NZ183268A (en) * | 1976-02-19 | 1978-09-20 | Gould Inc | Process for recycling junk lead-acid batteries comprising the formation of lead carbonate lead monoxide |
-
1978
- 1978-10-10 US US05/950,075 patent/US4220628A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1979
- 1979-10-05 PH PH23135A patent/PH15390A/en unknown
- 1979-10-08 NO NO793219A patent/NO793219L/no unknown
- 1979-10-09 SE SE7908360A patent/SE7908360L/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-10-09 BE BE0/197555A patent/BE879296A/fr unknown
- 1979-10-09 CA CA337,226A patent/CA1124035A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-10-09 FI FI793125A patent/FI793125A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-10-09 GB GB7935025A patent/GB2033883B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-10-09 DK DK424579A patent/DK424579A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-10-10 DD DD79216154A patent/DD147936A5/de unknown
- 1979-10-10 NL NL7907513A patent/NL7907513A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-10-10 DE DE19792941136 patent/DE2941136A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-10-10 DD DD79216153A patent/DD149055A5/de unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4220628A (en) | 1980-09-02 |
| GB2033883A (en) | 1980-05-29 |
| NL7907513A (nl) | 1980-04-14 |
| DE2941136A1 (de) | 1980-04-24 |
| DD149055A5 (de) | 1981-06-24 |
| GB2033883B (en) | 1982-12-15 |
| PH15390A (en) | 1982-12-23 |
| DK424579A (da) | 1980-04-11 |
| CA1124035A (en) | 1982-05-25 |
| SE7908360L (sv) | 1980-04-11 |
| DD147936A5 (de) | 1981-04-29 |
| BE879296A (fr) | 1980-02-01 |
| FI793125A (fi) | 1980-04-11 |
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