NO781580L - Fremgangsmaate for fremstilling av konsentrater av bakteriekulturer - Google Patents
Fremgangsmaate for fremstilling av konsentrater av bakteriekulturerInfo
- Publication number
- NO781580L NO781580L NO781580A NO781580A NO781580L NO 781580 L NO781580 L NO 781580L NO 781580 A NO781580 A NO 781580A NO 781580 A NO781580 A NO 781580A NO 781580 L NO781580 L NO 781580L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- centrifugation
- culture
- concentrates
- nutrients
- hexametaphosphate
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 14
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000020183 skimmed milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical group [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940005740 hexametaphosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 claims description 6
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical group [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims 2
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000005862 Whey Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 description 5
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 235000013618 yogurt Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 244000172809 Leuconostoc cremoris Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000017632 Leuconostoc cremoris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 102000014171 Milk Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010011756 Milk Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000194017 Streptococcus Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002535 acidifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015155 buttermilk Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000001332 colony forming effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021239 milk protein Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241001515965 unidentified phage Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021119 whey protein Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100032985 CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 7 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108050006912 CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 7 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150029544 Crem gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100025027 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM69 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101000830203 Homo sapiens E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM69 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000001046 Lactobacillus acidophilus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013956 Lactobacillus acidophilus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000199885 Lactobacillus bulgaricus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013960 Lactobacillus bulgaricus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000194034 Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris Species 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical class [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical class [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100230601 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) HBT1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000014962 Streptococcus cremoris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000057717 Streptococcus lactis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014897 Streptococcus lactis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000194020 Streptococcus thermophilus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229940095602 acidifiers Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H calcium citrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000001354 calcium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 citrate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013861 fat-free Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003630 growth substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940039695 lactobacillus acidophilus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940068140 lactobacillus bifidus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940004208 lactobacillus bulgaricus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940037201 oris Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009928 pasteurization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013337 tricalcium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C19/00—Cheese; Cheese preparations; Making thereof
- A23C19/02—Making cheese curd
- A23C19/032—Making cheese curd characterised by the use of specific microorganisms, or enzymes of microbial origin
- A23C19/0323—Making cheese curd characterised by the use of specific microorganisms, or enzymes of microbial origin using only lactic acid bacteria, e.g. Pediococcus and Leuconostoc species; Bifidobacteria; Microbial starters in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/02—Separating microorganisms from their culture media
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Dairy Products (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/793,483 US4115199A (en) | 1977-05-04 | 1977-05-04 | Preparation of culture concentrates for direct vat set cheese production |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO781580L true NO781580L (no) | 1978-11-07 |
Family
ID=25160023
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO781580A NO781580L (no) | 1977-05-04 | 1978-05-03 | Fremgangsmaate for fremstilling av konsentrater av bakteriekulturer |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4115199A (da) |
| AU (1) | AU517009B2 (da) |
| CA (1) | CA1092040A (da) |
| DE (1) | DE2817326A1 (da) |
| DK (1) | DK190478A (da) |
| FR (1) | FR2389673A1 (da) |
| GB (1) | GB1552909A (da) |
| NL (1) | NL7804815A (da) |
| NO (1) | NO781580L (da) |
| NZ (1) | NZ187159A (da) |
| SE (1) | SE7805145L (da) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4339464A (en) * | 1978-02-24 | 1982-07-13 | Microlife Technics, Inc. | Stabilizer producing Streptococcus thermophilus |
| US4282255A (en) * | 1979-06-28 | 1981-08-04 | State Of Oregon, By And Through The Oregon State Board Of Higher Education On Behalf Of Oregon State University | Method and starter compositions for the growth of acid producing bacteria and bacterial compositions produced thereby |
| USRE32079E (en) * | 1979-06-28 | 1986-02-04 | State Of Oregon, By And Through The Oregon State Board Of Higher Education On Behalf Of Oregon State University | Method and starter compositions for the growth of acid producing bacteria and bacterial compositions produced thereby |
| US4294930A (en) * | 1979-08-22 | 1981-10-13 | Miles Laboratories, Inc. | Process for improving the recovery of microbial cell biomass |
| US4372979A (en) * | 1979-09-07 | 1983-02-08 | Leprino Foods Company | Reduction of curd fines in cheese manufacture |
| US4402986A (en) * | 1981-07-23 | 1983-09-06 | Stauffer Chemical Company | Bulk starter media |
| DE3484842D1 (de) * | 1983-04-11 | 1991-08-29 | Mid America Dairymen Inc | Kaesestarter und deren herstellung. |
| US4621058A (en) * | 1983-04-11 | 1986-11-04 | Mid-America Dairymen, Inc. | Method of preparing cheese starter media |
| US4910024A (en) * | 1988-07-05 | 1990-03-20 | Micro Chemical, Inc. | Method and apparatus for administering live bacteria as feed additives to livestock and poultry |
| US5128260A (en) * | 1989-01-12 | 1992-07-07 | Sanofi Bio Ingredients, Inc. | Process for preparing culture concentrates for direct vat set dairy products production |
| US5716615A (en) * | 1992-02-10 | 1998-02-10 | Renata Maria Anna Cavaliere Vesely | Dietary and pharmaceutical compositions containing lyophilized lactic bacteria, their preparation and use |
| US6335040B1 (en) * | 1997-08-25 | 2002-01-01 | Chr. Hansen A/S | Dairy starter culture delivery system and method thereof |
| EP0987324B1 (en) * | 1998-08-28 | 2007-04-25 | Nipro Corporation | Cell growth accelerator containing polyphosphoric acid and cell growth method using the same |
| US6319526B1 (en) | 2000-01-06 | 2001-11-20 | Land O'lakes, Inc. | Pasta filata cheese |
| NZ521814A (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2004-04-30 | Chr | Method for supply of starter cultures having a consistent quality |
| EP1301588A2 (en) * | 2000-07-05 | 2003-04-16 | Danmarks Tekniske Universitet | Method of improving biomass yield of lactic acid bacterial cultures |
| US20030045428A1 (en) * | 2001-07-05 | 2003-03-06 | Microbes, Inc. | Bacillus laterosporus strain CM-3 for promoting grain crop yields |
| US7021145B2 (en) * | 2003-07-21 | 2006-04-04 | Horiba Instruments, Inc | Acoustic transducer |
| CN102369274B (zh) * | 2009-03-30 | 2014-08-27 | 株式会社明治 | 培养乳酸细菌的方法及生产发酵乳的方法 |
| PL2593539T3 (pl) * | 2010-07-15 | 2017-07-31 | Compagnie Gervais Danone | Zastosowanie manganu do wzmacniania wzrostu bakterii L.Casei w mieszanych kulturach |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3041248A (en) * | 1960-06-01 | 1962-06-26 | Robert E Hargrove | Control of bacteriophage |
| USRE28276E (en) | 1963-06-06 | 1974-12-17 | Milk fermenting product and method of making same | |
| US3354049A (en) * | 1965-07-30 | 1967-11-21 | Marschall Dairy Lab Inc | Dry starter composition |
| US3968256A (en) * | 1971-01-25 | 1976-07-06 | Sing Edmond L | Preparation of cottage cheese |
-
1977
- 1977-05-04 US US05/793,483 patent/US4115199A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1978
- 1978-03-31 CA CA300,177A patent/CA1092040A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-04-05 AU AU34813/78A patent/AU517009B2/en not_active Expired
- 1978-04-05 GB GB13366/78A patent/GB1552909A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-04-20 DE DE19782817326 patent/DE2817326A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1978-05-02 DK DK190478A patent/DK190478A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1978-05-03 NO NO781580A patent/NO781580L/no unknown
- 1978-05-03 NZ NZ187159A patent/NZ187159A/xx unknown
- 1978-05-03 SE SE7805145A patent/SE7805145L/xx unknown
- 1978-05-03 NL NL7804815A patent/NL7804815A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1978-05-03 FR FR7813170A patent/FR2389673A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL7804815A (nl) | 1978-11-07 |
| NZ187159A (en) | 1980-11-28 |
| GB1552909A (en) | 1979-09-19 |
| AU3481378A (en) | 1979-10-11 |
| SE7805145L (sv) | 1978-11-05 |
| US4115199A (en) | 1978-09-19 |
| DK190478A (da) | 1978-11-05 |
| AU517009B2 (en) | 1981-07-02 |
| DE2817326A1 (de) | 1978-11-16 |
| FR2389673A1 (da) | 1978-12-01 |
| CA1092040A (en) | 1980-12-23 |
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