NO322390B1

NO322390B1 - Construction method for houses in poly concrete

Info

Publication number: NO322390B1
Application number: NO20041615A
Authority: NO
Inventors: Fredrik Sontum
Original assignee: Selvaag Spinoff As
Priority date: 2004-04-21
Filing date: 2004-04-21
Publication date: 2006-10-02
Also published as: EP1747327A1; NO20041615D0; WO2005103402A1; US20080155937A1; NO20041615L

Description

Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av et råbygg for et hus hvor i det minste husets yttervegger dannes av prefabrikkerte veggelementer som reises på et fundament og festes til hverandre, hvorpå huset forsynes med tak, og åpninger for dører og vinduer skjæres ut av veggelementene for senere montering av dørene og vinduene. En slik fremgangsmåte er kjent bl.a. fra US 5,771,649. The present invention relates to a method for producing a raw building for a house where at least the house's outer walls are formed from prefabricated wall elements that are erected on a foundation and attached to each other, after which the house is provided with a roof, and openings for doors and windows are cut out of the wall elements for later installation of the doors and windows. Such a method is known i.a. from US 5,771,649.

Fundamentet for slike hus er vanligvis en ringmur, som må være beskyttet mot frost og ha en toppflate anordnet nøyak-tig i vater. Slike ringmurer blir derfor relativt dyre. Som prefabrikkerte vegger er det tidligere kjent sandwich-konstruksjoner med en skumplastkjerne og gipsplater på beg-ge sider av denne. De deler av veggene som skjæres ut for dører og vinduer finner vanligvis ingen fornuftig gjenbruk og må derfor kastes. Dertil krever veggelementenes yttersi-der en relativt omfattende kledning eller forblending for å kunne motstå vær og vind. The foundation for such houses is usually a ring wall, which must be protected against frost and have a top surface arranged exactly level. Such ring walls are therefore relatively expensive. Sandwich constructions with a foam plastic core and plasterboard on both sides of this are previously known as prefabricated walls. The parts of the walls that are cut out for doors and windows usually find no sensible reuse and must therefore be thrown away. In addition, the exteriors of the wall elements require relatively extensive cladding or glazing to be able to withstand weather and wind.

Foreliggende oppfinnelse tar sikte på å forenkle fremgangs-måten for slike hus, samtidig med at huset blir billigere og dertil får meget gode varmeisolerende egenskaper. The present invention aims to simplify the procedure for such houses, while at the same time making the house cheaper and also having very good heat-insulating properties.

Dette oppnås ved en fremgangsmåte av den innledningsvis nevnte type, hvor det karakteristiske er at fundamentet støpes av en lettbetong, slik at fundamentet dekker hele husets grunnflate og dertil strekker seg i en gitt avstand utenfor husets yttervegger, idet fundamentet støpes opp til en gitt høyde under nivået for ferdig gulv, at veggelementene, som likeledes er støpt av lettbetong, settes på plass på fundamentet og forbindes med hverandre, og at det på fundamentet støpes et undergulv i lettbetong opp til en forutbestemt, mindre høyde under ferdig gulv. This is achieved by a method of the type mentioned at the outset, where the characteristic is that the foundation is cast from a lightweight concrete, so that the foundation covers the entire ground surface of the house and also extends for a given distance outside the house's outer walls, as the foundation is cast up to a given height under the level for the finished floor, that the wall elements, which are also cast from lightweight concrete, are placed in place on the foundation and connected to each other, and that a subfloor in lightweight concrete is cast on the foundation up to a predetermined, smaller height below the finished floor.

Både fundament, veggelementer og undergulv kan støpes i lignende eller samme lettbetong, fortrinnsvis av den type lettbetong som går under varenavnet polybetong og omfatter EPS-kuler, sement, tilsetningsstoff som bevirker heft mellom EPS-kulene og sementen, og vann. De deler av veggelementene som skjæres ut for å gi plass for dører og vinduer, kan legges inn på fundamentet og støpes inn i undergulvet. Derved spares støpemasse for undergulvet, samtidig med at de utskårne deler gjenbrukes. Selve polybetongen er i seg selv også et godt eksempel på gjenbruk. Dette skyldes at EPS-kulene den inneholder gjerne stammer fra EPS-materialet i brukt emballasje, så som fiskekasser og trykkbeskyttende emballasje benyttet for en lang rekke handelsprodukter. Both the foundation, wall elements and subfloor can be cast in similar or the same lightweight concrete, preferably of the type of lightweight concrete that goes by the trade name polyconcrete and includes EPS balls, cement, an additive that causes adhesion between the EPS balls and the cement, and water. The parts of the wall elements that are cut out to make room for doors and windows can be placed on the foundation and cast into the subfloor. Thereby, molding compound for the subfloor is saved, while the cut-out parts are reused. The polyconcrete itself is also a good example of reuse. This is because the EPS balls it contains often originate from the EPS material in used packaging, such as fish boxes and pressure-protective packaging used for a wide range of commercial products.

Også husets tak kan fremstilles av lettbetongelementer. The house's roof can also be made of lightweight concrete elements.

Lettbetongen som benyttes har høy drenasjeevne, noe som gjør at ett strøk puss vil være tilstrekkelig utvendig overflatebehandling av veggelementene. Innvendig behandling kan og så skje ved ett strøk puss. The lightweight concrete used has a high drainage capacity, which means that one coat of plaster will be sufficient external surface treatment of the wall elements. Internal treatment can also be done with one coat of plaster.

Det innvendige undergulv kan avsluttes med fliser eller fargetrykket avretningsmasse, som kan brukes direkte på lettbetongen. Eventuelt kan rørsløyfer for vannbåren varme eller varmekabler innstøpes før gulvbelegget ferdigstilles. The internal subfloor can be finished with tiles or colored screed, which can be used directly on the lightweight concrete. Optionally, pipe loops for waterborne heating or heating cables can be embedded before the floor covering is completed.

Til bedre forståelse av oppfinnelsen skal den beskrives nærmere i forbindelse med det utførelseseksempel som er vist på den vedføyde, skjematiske tegning, som viser pers-pektivisk et fundament med et hus ifølge oppfinnelsen. For a better understanding of the invention, it shall be described in more detail in connection with the embodiment shown in the attached schematic drawing, which shows a perspective view of a foundation with a house according to the invention.

Tegningen viser en bunnplate eller et fundament 1 for et hus ifølge oppfinnelsen. Fundamentet, som består av lettbetong, fortrinnsvis såkalte polybetong, er støpt direkte på grunnen etter at den er drenert og avrettet. The drawing shows a base plate or foundation 1 for a house according to the invention. The foundation, which consists of lightweight concrete, preferably so-called polyconcrete, is cast directly on the ground after it has been drained and levelled.

Det vil ses at fundamentet 1 strekker seg utenfor veggelementene for å beskytte mot frostpåvirkning av fundamentet i veggelementenes område. It will be seen that the foundation 1 extends outside the wall elements in order to protect the foundation from frost in the area of the wall elements.

Tegningen viser fundamentet 1 etter at alle veggelementene 3,6 er satt på plass og limt fast til hverandre på fundamentet ved hjelp av et sementbasert lim. Her er også døråp-ninger 2 og vindusåpninger 5 tatt ut i elementene, noe som først gjøres etter at de er satt på plass på fundamentet. The drawing shows the foundation 1 after all the wall elements 3,6 have been put in place and glued to each other on the foundation using a cement-based glue. Here, door openings 2 and window openings 5 are also taken out in the elements, which is only done after they have been put in place on the foundation.

Tegningen viser også bygningen etter at den delvis er blitt forsynt med et tak 40, som likeledes er sammensatt av takelementer støpt i lettbetong The drawing also shows the building after it has been partially fitted with a roof 40, which is also composed of roof elements cast in lightweight concrete

Claims

1. Method for manufacturing a house where at least the house's outer walls are formed from prefabricated wall elements (3,6) which are erected on a foundation (1) and attached to each other, after which the house is provided with a roof (4) and openings (2.5) for doors and windows are cut out of the wall elements (3.6) for mounting the doors and windows, characterized by the fact that the foundation (1) is cast from a lightweight concrete so that the foundation covers the entire ground surface of the house and extends a given distance outside the house's outer walls, the foundation (1) is cast up to a given height below the level of the finished floor, that the wall elements (3,6), which are also cast from lightweight concrete, are placed in place on the foundation (1) and connected to each other and the foundation (1), and that a lightweight concrete sub-floor is cast on the foundation (1) up to a predetermined, smaller height below the finished floor.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall elements (3,6) and the subfloor are cast from a similar or the same type of lightweight concrete as the foundation (1).

3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lightweight concrete used comprises EPS balls, cement, an additive which causes adhesion between the EPS balls and the cement, and water.

4. Method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the parts of the wall elements (3,6) which are cut out for doors and windows, are cast into the subfloor.

5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the foundation (1) protrudes a distance of the order of 1 m outside the house's outer walls.

6. Procedure According to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said given height to which the foundation (1) is poured below the level of the finished floor is of the order of 45 cm.

7. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the prefabricated elements (3,6) are joined by gluing.

8. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the elements (3, 6) are glued using cement paste.

9. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the house being treated inside and out with one coat of plaster.

10. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the house's roof (4) is made of elements made of the same lightweight concrete as the wall elements (3,6) and is provided with reinforcement.