US2222037A

US2222037A - Building and building construction

Info

Publication number: US2222037A
Application number: US191749A
Authority: US
Inventors: Robert C Lafferty
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1938-02-21
Filing date: 1938-02-21
Publication date: 1940-11-19
Anticipated expiration: 1957-11-19

Description

1940. R. c. LAFFERTY BUILDING AND BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 21, 1938 8 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR RosERT 6. LAFFERTY Q V L ATTORNEYS Nov. 19, 1940.

R. C. LAFFERTY BUILDING AND BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 21, 1938 INVENTOR RNEYS ROBERT C LAFFERTY BY J Wag 1940- R. c. LAFFERTY BUILDING AND BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 21, 1958 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 W RR 5 0 n TF N mm Q v M m 9 w 1 A T Nov. 19, 1940. R. c. LAFFERTY 2,222,037

BUILDING AND BUILDING CONSTRUCTION I Filed Feb.- 21 1958 8 tsheet 4 may , INVENTOR Roszm' G. LAFFERTY W J C WA TORNEYS Nov. 19, 1940.

R. c. LAFFERTY BUILDING AND BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 21, 1938 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR RQBERT C.LAFFER1'Y BY I , l [I ATTORNEYS Nov. 19, 1940.

R. c. LAFFERTY BUILDING AND BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 8 Sheets-Shee't 6 Filed Feb.- 21, 1958 INVENTOR ROBERT C. LAFFERTY armmlfiifll Aw? siitix our- ATTORN EYS Nov. 19, 1940.

R. c. LAFFERTY 2,222,037

BUILDING AND BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 21, 1938 8 Shee'ts-Sheet 7 9 l 9 Q (77 u Fig.1].

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Figl z 67 )3 i 73 I/ 6G 7 I (:7 a |F'= it 3' 65 g lNVENTOR 7 ROBERT C- LAFFER Y 1 7 BY Nov. 19,' 1940. R. c. LAFFERTY 2,222,037

BUILDING AND BUILDING CONSTRUCTION INVENTOR Rosem- C.LAFFERTY A ORNEYS Penman. 19,1940

UNITED" STATES PATENT OFFICE BUILDING AND nuimnva coNsmuo'rroN Robert 0. Lafferty, New York, N. Y. Application February 21:, 1938, Serial No. 191,749 6 Claims. (01. 72-1) My invention relates to improvementsin buildings and building construction and it is particularly adapted for use in buildings of the prefabricated type.

The economical advantages of factory made buildings is recognized, but, efforts heretofore made to provide a satisfactory building of this type have been unsuccessful.

An object of the present invention is to prov vide ,an improved, useful and novel building which will overcome the objections and defects existing in known structures of this type;

A further object of the invention is to provide novel means for minimizing the time, mechanical operations, and expense required for manufacturing. transportation, delivery and-erection in building construction.

A further object of my invention is to provide means for insulating 'a building against changes so in temperature and the transfer of heat to.and

from the interior.

A further object of my invention is to provide proper weatherprooflng in a building.

A further object of my invention is to provide new and useful means for sealing the walls of a building against the admission of moisture while providing controllable ventilation means. A further object of my invention is to provide a building which is fireproof. A further object of my invention is to provide a building having pre-formed parts. A further object of my invention is'to provide a new and useful method for constructing buildings.

in a building new and useful structural features and improvements.

A further object of my invention is to provide m in a building new and useful means for strengthening the walls thereof.

A further object of my invention is to provide a newand useful structural element adapted for use in floors, walls and other parts of buildings 45 and which is superior to those heretofore used.

A further object of my invention is to provide a new and 'useful reinforced structural element for use in buildings.

A further object of my invention is to provide so a ventilated structural. element for use in buildings. v e g A further object of my invention is to provide a structural element in which no. wood or other herbiferous material is used. v 66 A further object of my invention is to provide A further object of my invention is to provide in a building eflicient and dependable metal to metal wall, floor, roof and corner joints. A further object of my invention is to provide a building unit havingpre-installed conduits for electric wiring andthe like.

A further object of my invention is to provide 6 a building having suitable and attractive window and door apertures.

A further object of my invention is to provide a wall unit for use in buildings which will adapt 10 itself to a great variety of pictorial or architectural. indented or embossed designs.

A further object of my invention is to provide new and useful ro'of means in abuilding.

A further object of my invention is to provide 15 in a building new and useful gutter means.

A further object of my invention is to provide means for harmonizing with a building structure the rain water leaders and the like.

A further object of my invention is to provide 20 a new and useful window for a building. r

A further object of 'my invention is to provide a neivv and useful mold for forming building ele men s.

A further object of my invention is to provide 2 new and useful means for casting or forming structural elements for use in buildings. V

A further object; of my invention is to provide a new and usefulmeans-for constructing a building element. 1' 30 A further object of my invention is to provide. new and usefulmeans for forming a building element having a contained grid.

A further object of my invention is to provide new and useful interiorpartitions for use in buildings.

A further object of my invention is to provide composable building modules which will lend themselves to individualistic and multiple as-' sembly in structures of various sizes.

A further object of my invention is to provide a building module of a predetermined cubical content, which may "be united with similar units or modules in a building of attractive architectural design and will adapt itself to the introduction of variations in form-color, texture and other architectural features. j

The accompanying drawings illustrate in a diagrammatic manner preferred embodiments of my invention, but it is to be understood that changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit of my invention and that I'do not intend to limit myself to the particular forms shown.

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representation of of;

a building. unit or module, partly assembled, the side walls being shown in assembled position, the roof section being suspended and about to be placed on the side walls, a corner plate being also shown suspended and about to be set;

Figure 2 is a representation of a floorplan of a building comprising two of my improved modules or two units;

Figure 3 is a floor plan of a single module or unit with dividing partition;

Figure 4 is a diagrammatic representation of three combined units;

Figure 5 is a representation partly in section of the grid or reinforcing member of the slab or panel element;

Figure 6 is a view of the casting pallet or mold with its supporting carrier and a partly formed slab in the mold;

Figure 7 is a plan view of the grid or reinforcing member;

Figure 8 is a section of the same on the line 88 in Figure '7;

Figure 9 is a section of a portion of a building illustrating the method of uniting or joining two modules or units;

Figure 10 is'a view of the completed slab or panel in 'modified form with a single channel grid therein, resting in position on its pallet before its removal for curing and showing a window opening, the insulating filling being omitted;

Figure 11 is a detail of the partially completed slab or panel shown in section;

Figure 12 is a sectional view of a partly .completed slab; J

Figure 13 is a perspective elevation partly in section of slabs or panelsassembled, showing also.

the roof and gutter;

Figure 14 is a horizontal section of a corner of a building unit;

Figure 15 is.an optional form of a corner clamp;'

Figure 16 is a diagrammatic representation of a window; a

Figure 1'7 is a section of the same on the line DD in Figure 16;

Figure 18 is a section of the same on-the line EE in Figure 16;

Figure 19 is a section of the base of an interior partition on the line A--A in Figure 24;

Figure 20 is a section of the sill portion of a doorway on the line BB in Figure 24 Figure 21 is a horizontal section of a portion of a door on the line C-C in Figure 24;

Figure 22 is a horizontal section of an interior partition on the line DD in Figure 24;

Figure 23 is a section of an interior partition on the line EE in Figure 2 4;

Figure 24 is a diagrammatic view of an interior partition and Figure 25 is a detail of a portion of a door, Similar characters of reference refer to like parts throughout the several views.

My improved building comprises one or more module apartment or room units which are preferably of uniform size and which may be combined or assembled attractively and ,as may be desired into a multiple-unit structure or maybe used singly as separate, complete and independent buildings.

When two or more apartment units or modules are combined, I prefer to provide a single dividing wall between adjoining units.

The side walls, floor and roof of the respective apartment units comprise individual pre-formed pa'rallelopiped panels or slabs. which are con-.

structed in the manner hereinafter described.

These panels or slabs are constructed in like manner, with such variations in form" as may be required or convenient for the intended use. For example, .the side wall slabs or panels will be formed with suitable 'window and door apertures; the floor slabs or panels maybe formed with stair wells and the like, when such openings are called for; the roof slabs will be formed with suitable openings, vents and the like as may be desired, and the upper surface thereof may be convexed to provide for drainage and the like. The interior partitions maybe of a lighter construction than are the weight supporting walls. While, therefore, the slabs'or panels arenot necessarily of counterpart form, they are each constructed according to my novel method as hereinafter explained and possess substantial identity of structure.

My improved apartment unit module preferably comprises a cell or room having floor, side walls androof, each constructed according to my herein described method but it will be apparent that my units or slabs may be used in combination with a floor or foundation, roof and other parts constructed in any desired manner, without departing from the spirit of my invention and that my individual panels or wall elements may be used in any manner and for any purpose.

My improved parallelopiped panel or slab comprises a pair of spaced

face plates

1 and 2 of concrete or the like in combination with an intermediate spacing and reinforcing grid or frame as hereinafter described therebetween and anchored in the said side plates. Non-inflammable insu lating material 3 is provided within the panel and between the said face plates and is preferably supported against packing by integral marginal anchorages 4 thereof with the adjacent face plates and may be further supported by suitable tongues or'the like 5 provided for that purpose.

'I'he panels or slabs which form the side walls of the structure are preferably of a' standard or uniform size, which may be approximately nine feet by twenty-eight feet in area, or as may be desired, and are preferably prefabricated at a distance from the building site where they are to be assembled and erected. The floor and roof panels or slabs are approximately twelve by twenty-eight feet in area and are also preferably prefabricated at the same factory where the panelsfor the side walls are constructed but, as above explained,any floor or roof construction may be used with the prefabricated side walls, and any wall construction may be used with the prefabricated floor or roof construction.

'The reinforcing grid or frame which serves as a strengthening and spacing member for the slab .factory located within convenient transportation '50 or panel, is preferably formed of 'a plurality ofcounterpart metal channels 6, the marginaledges of which are turned inwardly, forming reentrant flanges I, and which are preferably arranged back to back and welded or otherwise tied together, and form the lateral cross members of the grid, in combination with longitudinal stifiening angles 8, to which the lateral members are welded or otherwise secured. The longitudinal channels 8 are preferably laid at the longitudinal sides of the grid. a

I do not intend, however, to limit myself to the use of double or back to back channels although this is preferable where strength is a desideratum.

ings asillustrated at I I in, Figure 10 and such.

other configuration of the completed slab or panel as may be called for by the architectural designs for the building to be constructed.

The grid, thus formed and constructed, is; now

ready to beJanchored in the side or face plate I of the slab or panel, which is cast in a mold comprising a bed" I5 and vertically adjustable side walls I6, carried by a suitable carrier I! having traction wheels or rollers I3 running in guide tracks I9.

'The'side walls I6 of themold are vertically adjustable with relation to the bedJ I by means of Jack screws or the like and stops 22. may be provided. 3 v

The depth of the mold, being adjusted as required for the work, there may baformed on the bed It a matrix 23 of clay orthe like in which may be molded or formed such shapes as may be desired to impart ornamentation to the face of the plate to be cast. I I There is then introduced into the mold, the cement mortar, which is to form the skin or facing 25 of the side plate I and which is preferably of a superior quality of dense Portland cement and sand, which may be colored as desired by suitable pigment.

.The facing material is preferably carried up on the side walls I6 oi the moldas at 25' (Figure 6) so that the completed slab or plate will be properly faced on all exposed parts.

'I'he filling of concrete or the like 26 is now introduced and the mold -fllled level with the top of the side wall I6 and is leveled ofl with a screed 2'! or the like. 1

While the material in the mold is still in a plastic state, the grid fornied asabov'e described,

with its attached web 9, is lowered to the plastic mass and pressed downwardly therein, being vibrated meanwhile either manually or mechanically until the downward marginal portionof the grid is' sunk into the plastic plate I a sufilcient distance to cause the same to be firmly and securely anchored therein when the plate hardens.

'The grid should be of such dimension that it will closely fit into the walls leer, themold whereby the plastic material of the plate'l will not work up over the sidewalls I6 but will enter and form clenches with-the

channels

8 and 3 through the apertures I2 therein. a L

It is important that the grid and its attached web 9 be so vibrated that the cement or concrete 26 will thoroughly and completely engage all of the immersed surfaces thereof and the vibration should be continued until the grid and webbing 9 is integrated with the material of the plate.

Stops 38 (Figure 10) may be provided whereby the grid will be immersed in the cement to the desired depth.

When the grid has been properly set in the plate I as above described, the pallet I5 with its load of plate and integrated grid is moved on the carrier I! and rollers I8 to a suitable location where flexible electric conduits 36' may be threaded through suitable apertures I 4 in the grid channels 6 and Band electrical outlet 'boxes 31 and the like may be applied as may be called ,for by the architectural plans and spot' welded or other wise secured to the grid, These outlet boxes 3.!

should be so positioned that their outer surfaces will project above the grid toapprogdmately the outer plane of the plate 2 to be placed thereon as hereinafter explained.

The spaces between the c annels 8 of the grid are then filled with suitable insulating fibres 3 which should be so placed that marginal portions 4 thereof penetrate and engage the adjacent surface of the wet concrete of the adjacent plate I and project above the upper plane of the grid sumciently to penetrate and engage with the wet concrete of the plate 2 to be applied to the grid as hereinafter described, whereby ties will be formed between the insulating material 3 and the plates I and 2 which. will hold the insulation in place when the concrete plates I and 2 are set and dried and when the slab isin vertical position. Supporting tongues .6 may also be provided on the channels 6 to enter and retain the insulating flbres-3 in position and to prevent packing thereof.-

A second layer of webbing 3 is then placed over the insulating material 3 and secured to the channels of the grid by tangs III thereon as above described.-

The partially formed panel or' slab is then allowed to set and dry and is conveyed to a suitable location adlacent to a second facing plate 2 prepared to receive the grid and plate I which second plate 2 is prepared as above described with respect to the first-mentioned plate I. The grid with its first plate I anchored thereto is then raised and turned over upon the said second plate 2 which is in a wet and plastic state, and the grid is sunk into the said second plate 2 to a predetermined depth which will be measured by the gauges 38 as shown in Figure 10. The grid is then vibrated as above described with respect to the first plate 5 and the grid is'thoroughly integrated with and anchored in the said second plate 2 until the concrete has been firmly and eifectually clenched through the apertures in the grid.

The casting and formation of the panel unit or parallelopiped is now completed/and the same is conveyed to a curing room and properly cured.

I prefer to stand the said slab or panel unit on edge in vertical position during the curing process and to spray the exposed surfaces thereof at suitable intervals, with warm water and warm moist air or steam, exercising care to avoid moistening the inner portion of the grid or of the insulating material within the slab.

prepared for the building, which may include piers 39, or the like.

The slabs are preferably provided with marginal brackets 4| which are welded or otherwise secured to the marginal channels of the slab grid,

and 'holes or seats dI' are formed in the said brackets which form convenient holds for the tackle by which the slabs are raised and placedin position. I 1

A suitable mortar bed being laid on the pier 39 of the fouridatiom-the marginal brackets 4| of the floor slab are set thereon, as illustrated ':in Figure 13. l The floor slab, having been thus placed in position on the foundation, the side walls are erected at the marginal edges of the floor slab, in vertical position, as shown in Figure 1, and the roof 45 unit.

The roof slab is preferablyconvex on its upper slab is then swung into position and set an the vertical wall slabs.

It is not necessary that both plates of the slabs be of equal thickness and, 'I prefer to pro- 5 vide a slab in which one of the surface plates is thicker than the other.

In the use of thewall-slab plates, I prefer to use the thicker plate as the exterior plate. Where the slabs are used for floors, I prefer to use the thicker plate as the wearing or exposed surface and where the slabs are used for the roof, I

i prefer to use the thicker surface of the slab for the roof surface.

The slabs are so shown in Figure 13.

There may be cast in the floor slab, a sheet of linoleum 28 or the like.

It is desirable to avoid lightly sealed air spaces within the walls and I, therefore, prefer toprovide air vents 43 in the mortar bed 42 whereby controllable quantities of air may be admitted to the interior of the slabs to circulate therethrough. These air vents 43 in the mortar bed may be conveniently. formed by placing thin boards or forms in the mortar bed and extending therethrough, which may be withdrawn afterthe I mortar is laid and the wall is in position. These vents 43 may be adjusted to the existing conditions and may be readily sealed or closed when desired. 30 In assembling the structure, I prefer to provide metal to metal corners and to weld together all adjoining metal surfaces. The channels 6 of the grids contained in the slabs are, therefore, so set that the reentrant flanges 1 thereof form the external margins of the grid whereby metal to metal corners are provided.

The floor and side wall slabs being thus assembled, the roof slab is placed thereon, as diagrammatically illustrated in Figure l, and suitably secured to the vertical wall slabs by setting the marginal bracket 4| thereof on the upper margin of the side wall slabs, whereby there will be formed the cubical module or apartment face to facilitate drainage.

The vertical corners of the side walls may be I finished as desired. I prefer, However, to provide a corner finish as illustrated in Figure 14. In the form of corner shown, an angle 44 is welded to the contiguous reentrant flanges I .of the marginal channels 6 of the grid, or the flanges I may be bound together by a clamp 45 as shown. in Figure 15. There is then inserted in'the open" marginal edges of the vertical slabs, one *or more vertical studs 46, which may be set therein by means of a crane or the like as shownin Figure 1. There is then set thereon a preformed corner plate 41, which may be bound to the margins of the side walls by embedded rods 48 which engage the reentrant flanges l of the. marginal grid of the side-wall slabs. This corner plate 41 is preferably concave to provide space for leaders or drains 49 for rain water, which are thereby sunk in the corners for attractive architectural effect.

There is preferably provided, at the top of the" side wall slab, a flashing 53 ,of sheet metal, one

marginal edge 53, of which is-secured to the roof (5 slab which are formed by the channels 6, the

flashing I53 may be attached within the flange I of the ichannel 6.

A metal gutter 55 of any desired construction, is provided at the marginal edges'of the roof slab and the inner marginal lip 56 of the gutter It is suitably secured under and within the marginal edges of the roof slab, so that the rain water, melted snow and the like from the roof will be received by the gutter 55 without entering the building or the wallsthereof. The gutter is 10 drained by leaders 49 located at the corners of the building.

Modifications in the flashing, gutter, leaders and the like may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention. 1 18 As above explained, I prefer to use for the roof a structural slab constructed in the manner above described, but any desired roof means may be provided and I do not intend to limit my invention to any particular roof element. 20

I have thus described a building module or apartment, the side-walls, floor and roof of which, or one or more of them are prefabricated and comprise a pair of side plates having integrated and contained therein a strengthening 86 and reinforcinggrid and insulating material suitably supported against packing, with contained wiring conduits and the like, and which may be embellished or decorated in accordance with architectural designs or individual taste, as indicated in Figure 1. Itis obvious that windows and doors are to be provided as may be desired.

I do notintend to limit my invention to any particular form of door or window opening but I shall proceed to describe one form which may 35 be used.

Prefabricated windows 51 are preferably provided for the exterior side walls of the building, for the reception of which windows, suitable window apertures are formed in the side wall 40 slabs or panels'according to architectural designs, in the manner above described, at predetermined locations.

A preferred form of prefabricated window of the part casement type is illustrated diagram- 45 matically in Figure 16, in which a section 61 is adapted to swing on hinges 61.

In casting the window apertures in the slab unit, the inner face plate 2 of the slab is preferably extended beyond the plane of the outer 50 face plate I at the sill margin, as shown in Figure 18 and the face plates I and 2 have their marginal edges carried beyond the channels 6, as shown in Figure 17-.

The window apertures are preferably lined 55 with a sheet metal lining 60 which is welded to the adjacent channel 6 at 69.

Metal window frames 61 are provided in the window apertures and are preferablysurrounded by. fibrous insulating tubing 12 embedded in a so window encircling filling 13.

The sill portion of the lining of the window apertures, comprises an under sill portion 64 inclined to the horizontal plane, to provide drain means away from the window and which may 65 be welded at 65 to the flange I of channel E of the side-wall unit. A sill plate 66 is welded to the under sill 64 and has a free marginal edge 61 projecting outwardly, which is preferably lapped back as shown in Figure 18 during erec- 70 tion to protect it against injury. When the erection is completed, this lapped back portion 6.1 is freed and bent out at approximately. a angle to form a water drip beyond the vertical outer plane of the side Wall. V I

The inner margin of the window opening may be finished by a corner plate ll having a mar ginal lip 72 which engages the'bent over marginal edge of the window lining 60 and sill 56.

The opening for the outer door 73 is formed in the slab, constructed as above .described, by spacing the channels of the grid, and providing suitable forms for that purpose in the face plates l and 2 of the slab in which the door opening is to be made.

The door opening is suitably lined and constructed in substantial accordance with the method above described with respect to the window apertures, and is provided with a suitable door sill which is preferably of pre-cast metal.

The interior non-bearing partitions may be of much lighter construction than are the outer weight supporting wall slabs, but they preferably comprise an internal spacing grid integrated and anchored in two face plates and constructed in the manner above described with respect to the outer wall slabs, by casting or molding the face plates and sinking the grid in the same while the face plates are in plastic state and vibrating the same until thoroughly integrated therewith and then curing the face pla es, all of which has been fully described above. The interior non-bearing partitions may or may not be provided with the interior insulation as may be desired- Seats or slots 76 are preferably cast. in the fioor slab to receive the base of the interior partitions, as shown in Figure 19.

Adiagrammatic representation of an interior non-bearing partition is shown in Figure 24, in which the vertical dotted lines represent channels 6 of the grid of the partition wall.

The partition wall is seated in its seat or slot 74 preformed in the upper face of the floor slab and the corner or angle between the floor slab and the partition slab may be finished by an angle plate 75. The upper marginal edge of the partition wall is secured to the ceiling or under plate of the roof slab by a mortar seal 16.

The doors for the inner non-bearing partitions are preferably of metal or metal facing 17 having mitered corner joints T8. The doors are swung on hinges 82 welded to the channels 5 of the contained grid. The door apertures are lined with metal facing 86 and are preferably provided with metal jambs 85 and suitably finished. The door sills 8B are preferably of wrought metal laid in cement $3.

The herein described modules or apartment 55 units are adapted to be used as complete and independent buildings or two or more units may be combined and assembled to form a building comprising plural units. Such assembly may be on the same horizontal plane or one may be erected upon or above another as the individual taste or architectural plans may dictate and when so combined, it is desirable that the joints between adjoining units be concealed and the architewl effect of the building preserved. In joining or ce lnlng two or more units, I prefer to provide a n le-elisziding wall therebetween. There is illustrated in Fig sec.. tion showing a preferred form of two combine units with a single dividing wall 90 between them. Referring to Figure 9, the dividing wall 90, constructed in accordance with my herein described slab construction and comprising the plates l and 2 and grid I and channels 8, the contained insulation not being shown, is erected between I the ends of the roof slabs 9i and 92, constructed as above described, and suitably anchored thereto, and the space between the slabs 9i and 92 may be filled with a gutter 93, resting upon and anchored to the respective ends of the adjacent slabs 9i and 92, in which gutter 93 there may be provided a mastic filling 9d or the like. The gutter 93 is preferably welded or otherwise secured to a plate 95 which rests upon the brackets dl of the two roof slabs ill, 92 and may be welded thereto or may be anchored by means of bolts or pins 96. The lower fragment of Figure 9 shows a like wall construction where the joint between adjoining slabs does not reach the exterior of the building, such as in floors; partitions and the like, in which-the two adjacent slabs $7 and 98 are erected upon or against the dividing partition 98 and anchored thereto.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is: I

1. A structural building element comprising two spaced outer plates and a rigid gridtherebetween and anchored within the said outer plates, and an insulating filler between the said plates and anchored in the material of which the said plates are composed.

2. In a building, a floor comprising two spaced face plates, a rigid grid between the said face plates and having portions sunk in the said'face plates and anchored therein, marginal brackets on the said grid and adapted to rest upon a supporting foundation, in combination with side walls at the marginal edges of the said floor and resting upon the said brackets.

3. In a building, a floor and unitary wall sections at the marginal edges of the said floor and secured thereto, said wall sections comprising respectively two spaced face plates, a rigid grid between said face plates and sunk and anchored therein, and insulating material between said face plates and anchored thereto, and means for attaching said wall sections to said floor,

4. In a building, the combination of afloor,

unitary wall sections secured to the marginal portions of the said floor, said wall sections each comprising two spaced face plates and a rigid grid therebetween and anchored in the said face plates, said grid comprising a plurality of metal channels having apertures and a plurality of tangs, cross rods secured to the said channels by said tangs and sunk in said face plates.

5. In a building the combination of a floor, unitary wall sections secured to the marginal portions of the said floor, said wall sections each comprising two spaced face plates and a rigid grid therebetween and sunk in the said face plates, a roof unit supported on the said wall sections, flashing secured to the said roof unit,

said dividing wall comprising a piirnffaeeplateuo and a spacing grid therebetween and anchored therein.

ROBERT C. LAFFERTY.