US2396829A

US2396829A - Building construction

Info

Publication number: US2396829A
Application number: US574063A
Authority: US
Inventors: Carpenter Miles Harold
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1945-01-23
Filing date: 1945-01-23
Publication date: 1946-03-19
Anticipated expiration: 1963-03-19

Description

h 1946. M. H. CARPENTER BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 23, 194 5 ATTORNEYS March 19, 1946, M; N ER 2,396,829

BUILDING- CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 23, 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 60a 4 69 so: 2 5 62c 64a.

. I 9 Mi" 60d a 4 '4 646 640 644 h INVENTOR. MILE-5' H- CARPENTER I A T7'0/PNEYS March 19, 1946. M, CARPENTER 2,396,329

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 23, 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 "rill/1471112,. v I

INVENTOR. M/LES CAR/DEN TEA March 19, 1946. M. H. CARPENTER BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 23, 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 8 4 s 1 /2 El 2 .1 an m 2 A 9 w w INVENTOR. Mass 14- CARPENTER a, 6 a 2 8 i 9 m 8 T 6 mm m 9 8 A 2240 a 1 m 6 2 H 2 1 2 O 1 I Z A fl X a 7 m 4 1 1 BY W ace/m m March 6- M. H. CARPENTER ,3 9

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 23, 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. M1455 H. CARPENTER Patented Mar. 19, 1946 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Miles Harold Carpenter, Raleigh, Tenn.

Application January 23, 1945, Serial No. 574,063

Claims.

My invention relates to building constructions generally, and in particular to buildings of prefabricated elements. Within the past few years, need has arisen for buildings adapted to be erected quickly, easily and completely. The necessity for concentrations of workers at and near manufacturing centers has created housing problems which cannot be solved by conventional building methods, nor can conventional building methods cope with the need for shifting buildings from one site to another to accommodate population movements.

The main object of my invention, therefore, is the provision of a building of prefabricated elements, which building can be erected easily, quickly, and completely, which can just as easily, quickly and completely be taken down without damage or destruction to the elements and connecting members, shifted to another site, and at this new site re-erected just as easily, quickly and completely, using the same elements and connecting members, as in the original erection.

Among other objects of my invention, aiding in the accomplishment of the main object above set forth, are the provision of wall, ceiling and roof panels or modules of such relative dimensioning as to be readily interfitted and connected in the erection of a building; the provision of a complete roof by the use of interfitted and interlocked panels; and the removable securement of the roof panels to each other and to the ceiling panels, both supported by the wall panels.

The present invention is a continuation-inpart of my co-pending application Serial No. 463,707, filed October 28, 1942, and relates mainly to the roof panel components of my buildings.

In the drawings annexed hereto, forming a part of this specification:

Figure l is a perspective view 01'' one form of building constructed according to and embodying my invention, a roof panel being shown in position for placing on the roof;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a roof panel constructed according to and embodying my invention, with parts broken away to show details of construction;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the connections between the roof, ceiling rafters and wall panels, with parts broken away;

Fig. 4 is a front elevational view showing a portion of the front wall, the ceiling rafters and roof assembly, with parts broken away;

Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section showing the roof and ceiling construction;

Fig. 6 is a verticaltransverse section showing the roof crown construction in detail;

Fig. 7 is a vertical transverse section of an internal wall and ceiling detail;

Fig. 8 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line 88 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 9 is a vertical transverse section on the line 9-9 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 10 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line lt-ili of Fig. 1;

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a form of roof panel.constructed according to and embodying my invention, with parts broken away to show details of construction;

Fig. 12 is a side elevation of a completed roof.

also with parts broken away to show internals;

and

Fig. 13 is a section on the line iB-it of Fig.

My invention is based on the panel or module system; that is, the walls, ceilings and roof, as major elements of my building, are formed of one or more panel or module units, of such size and relative dimensioning as to be readily interfitted and interlocked, and just as readily disengaged. While proportions may be important, any dimensions and size I may give are illustrative and may be varied within wide limits without departing from the spirit of my invention. I will illustrate and describe my invention herein as applied to a rectangular building, having a plurality of rooms and a gable-pitched roof, but this is only for illustration and not for limitation, other building shapes as well coming within the scope of my teachings.

My wall, ceiling and roof panels are preferably rectangular in shape (except the end wall panels), this form lending itself best to economi= cal and simple fabrication on an assembly-line plan by the use of jigs, dies and patterns. The rectangular shape also lends itself best to crating, shipping and easy handling in transportation and erection. The panels are made of sumcient strength as to be self-sustaining and weight supporting, and able to withstand the stresses and strains of erection, dismantling, transportation and re-erection, as well as the weight of any lighting fixtures, plumbing fixtures and wall decorations which may be incorporated there'- ia'ilih.

Reference numeral Ill indicate my building generally, mounted on a foundation structure l2 which may rest upon a plurality of piers or columns it. Foundation structure l2 comprises a rectangular sill or framework 16 01 secured-together beams disposed atop piers it. The floor jolsts lsaredisposed upon and secured to sill It as by angle irons 2|! and heavy wood screws or bolts 22 passing therethrough into sill i8 and floor joists 18. Additional floor joists as 24, at right angles to the main joists ll, may be employed and secured flush with the top of floor joists I! to provide a support, with beams It, for a suitableflooring 26. The ends of joists It may be notched, as at [9, to receive the wall panels therewithin, the notch extending entirely about the structure. My sub-floor structure, comprising joists l8 and cross-members 24, may be formed in panel units, of rectangular shape, and a plurality of panels, with the end joists abutting may be employed over the sill structure to form the sub-floor structure.

Each wall panel of my invention comprises a rectangular frame and facing material to cover both sides thereof. The front and rear walls 30 as complete entities may be formed as desired of single panel units, althoughif desired the walls may be formed by locking together a plurality of panels in edge-to-edge abutting relationship.

Each wall panel or module 32 comprise a rectangular framework of 2" x 6" vertically disposed stud beams 34, set flatwise, a 2" x8" beam 38. horizontally disposed and extending flatwise across the top of the studding members 34, and a horizontally extending, flatwise disposed beam 40 of less than 2" in thickness, at the bottom flush with the front of the frame and spaced from the rear thereof. The interior of the panel may be filled with suitable insulating material, or I may employ blanket insulation as 42 secured within thepanel framing. Heavy facing material 44 is applied and secured over one side of the frame, from side to side, but short of the upper and lower a marginal edges of the frame, and may consist as desired, of plywood, flberboarding, shingling or the like, to form the outer face of the panel. The studding in each panel may be suitably spaced to provide necessary window 48 and door 48 openings therein, and the outer facing material 44 is similarly aperturedj for such openings in the panels. "Additional studdings as 38 may be incorporated inside the frame work for reinforcement or for outlining window, door or other opening's.

Facing material 60 of plywood, plaster board, fiber boards, etc., similarly apertured to provide window and door openings, i employed to cover the other and inner face of the panel, and to cover same from side-to-side but not at the top or bottom, facing 50 being spaced from the top and bottom of the frame as shown in Fig. 9 for purposes to be explained below. The facing material is secured to the wide flat sides of the

studding

34, 38 and

cross beams

38 and 40 as by a suitable adhesive, and the bond may be reinforced by the use of nails or wood screws. The use of the studs and cross beams in flatwise disposition permits the use of uniformly thick members with certain thereof having different widths, and also provides greater glue bond than would be secured if the beams were set edgewise. The inner facing material may be wallpapered or painted, and may have lighting fixtures or other fixtures installed thereon with suitable lead wires extending out from the top or bottom of the panel.

Panels 52 forming the end walls of the building, are of construction generally similar t panels 32, except that they may be shaped differently. Building Nils shown with a gable-pitched roof B4, and the upper edges of panels I2 are angled as shown. A number of

panels

52, 52 may be promessage vided and locked together by suitable wall lock mec as indicated at 90, to form the end.

wall, and similarly suitable means may be employed not only to secure a number of panels together to form a wall, but also to secure side and end walls to each other at the corners of the building. and to secure internal walls to each other and to the outer walls. I prefer to use 2" x 6" studding for the sides of the wall pane not only for their strength and bonding s ace, but also because the 6 depth is quite suitable for the insertion thereinto of wall lockins mechanisms. The wall panels, complete with doors and windows in place, and complete with interior surface decoration, are entirely factory fabricated, and thereafter boxed or crated for shipment to the building site.

In erecting the outer walls of my building, the panels are raised into Vertical position and set down and keyed into notch Is, which extends entirely about the sub-floor structure, Suitable openings are factory formed through floor ioists l8 and through cross or trimming joists 24 in registry with openings through the cross beams "at the lower edge of the panel, and carriage bolts H are passed through these registering openings to removably secure the wall to the foundation structure. The outer walls, front, side a and rear, are removably secured to each other at the corners by suitable locking devices. The depth of notches I9 is such, and the inner facing 50 is so'applied to the panel, that as the panel rests upon the floor joists, facing 50 is slightly spaced upwardly from the top of the beams II, leaving space for the insertion of a floor covering as 28. A base board 13 and molding as It may be removably field-applied to complete the wall and floor joint inside the building. At the outside j of the building, a drip board ll may be field-applied and removabl secured .as by wood screws or other bolts, lapping over the bottom of panel 30 and a field-applied sill covering sheet or board 2| entirely around the building.

In like manner, internal walls 3i may be set up and removably secured in place and to the fron rear or side walls as desired.

One form of foundation structure I may employ is composed of adjustable columns or piers, although I may employ fixed height concrete blocks for such purpose; a wall locking mechanism well adapted for use in removably securing my walls and wall panels to each other'is shown and described in my co-pending application 8erial No. 421,660; and a flooring structure applicable to my building teachings is shown and described in my co-pending application Serial No. 427,451, although a flooring surface may be factory laid upon joists I8, 24. These prior applications represent portions of a complete building program, and the present application represents a further step in the construction and assembly of a building as a complete entity.

My

ceiling panels

58, 68 comprise a plurality of 2" x 6" joists 60 evenly spaced apart, set edgewise in parallel relationship having a rigid facing material as plywood, plaster board or the like, secured on one side thereof. At the front of each panel, the joists are notched at the underside thereof, as at 10, and a tie strip ll extending the full width of the panel is disposed within the notches and secured to an the joists as by nails, cement, or otherwise. The spacing between joists 60a, 60b, 800, etc., is maintained by the facing 6| extending across the panel in the center thereof. The ceiling panel frame is completed by a cross-beam 14 at the rear end of the panel. Suitable blanket insulation as I8 may be secured inside the ceiling panels 88 as desired (see Figs. and 9).

I' havefound it convenient to make the ceiling to wall of each room in my buildings. Referring to Figs. 5 'and' 9,after the outer wall 30 is erected and inner wall 8|, is locked into the 'end wall panels 88 of such length as toextend across wall formed by panels-B2. the ceiling panels 58 are disposed atop thereof, the front end of the p nel resting atop the cross beams 38 of the wall panel,.-

with the beams 38 being received within a locat-- ing notch 13 in the tie strip ll, and the resting atop wall 8 I Nails or wood screws 88 may be employed, through the strip H and extending into frame beam 38, to secure the ceiling panel atop front wall 88. and similar fastening means 82 may be employedto secure the rear end of the ceiling panels to the inner walls as 3|. As so secured (see Fig. 3), the strip II serves as a wall plate or capping. After the first ceiling panel A is secured in position, the second panel B, formed with joists 62a, 82b, to 82d, is laid over atop

walls

38 and 3|, and similarly secured thereon just as panel B. Care must be taken, however, to butt the first joist 62a of panel B flatly against the end joist 88d of the first panel A, in order to have a continuous ceiling surface, and in order to provide proper roof rafter securement. In like manner, the remaining ceiling panels C, D, etc., may be added to complete the coverage, care being taken that the end joist d of each panel butts closely against the first joist a of the next panel. A plurality of horizontal openings are formed through the end joists of each ceiling panel, and carriage bolts are passed therethrough to removably secure the panels together.

The rooms are carefully dimensioned; that is, the sill structure I8 is prepared of such length and width, and the walls of such length, that a whole number of ceiling panels will cover same, from end to end.

I provide roofpanels 88, 84 in equal number to the number of

ceiling panels

60, 62. Each roof panel 84 is rectangular in shape and comprises a plurality of 2" x 6" rafters 85, set edgewise (as are the joists of the ceiling panels). Rafters 88a,

rear and 88b and 880 are evenly spaced apart in parallel relationship, and covered on one side preferably by a layer of plywood 88, although flberboardlng or other suitable material may be employed. Atop the plywood, I apply a layer 98 preferably of asphalt felt, although other similar material may be used, and over the felt, I place a layer of thick butt strip shingles 92 lapped upwardly from bottom to top and across the width of the panel.

Along the lateral edges of each roof panel 84, I insert flashing

strips

84, 98, or copper or other suitable material, imbedded between the plywood 88 and felt 90 layers in the panel covering, and extending the full length of the panel (see Fig. 11). Except for the panels to be placed at the ends of the roof, the flashing strip 94 on one side of each panel, is bent upwardly at right angles to the panel, and then back inwardly and over to form a hook or bend 95 opening downwardly towards the panel, as shown in Fig, 8. Flashing strip 88 at the other side of the panel also projects upwardly at right angles to the panel. The extension of flashing 86 is such as to reach above bend 85 in flashing 8|, and flashing 88 is then curved outwardly and over and around bend 85,

with the terminal end Bl thereof bent back and inwardly to form an upwardly opening hook 88.

The top' edges of all the rafters'at the front thereof are notched as at 81 to receive therewithin a tie strip 88, which may be permanently secured to each rafter as by heavy wood screws, spikes, etc., and the rafters 88, at the rear thereof are cut at an angle and a tie beam 85 secured across the ends thereof, angled rearwardly as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, which serves, with the plywood layer, to maintain the proper predeter= mined spacing between the rafters 88a and 88c. The covering material, comprising'plywoocl 858, felt'88- and shingles 82, may be'formed of such length as to extend over beyond the strip-88, as at El, and a flashing 98 may be embedded inthefront edge thereof extending forwardly thereof (see Fig. 9).

In order to form the gable-pitched roof shown here for illustration, the ends of the rafter beams 88 must be treated in accordancewith the angularity of pitch desired. The inner ends I88 of rafters 88 are miter cut at the desired angle, as at I02 (see Figs. 2 and 11) and the end tie beam 85, extending across the ends of the rafters, is inwardly angled, as above referred to. The front end edge of each rafter, at the bottom thereof, is cut upwardly at an angle as at I08, at right angles to rear end I82, and the upper edge portion is cut downwardly at an angle as at I88, the upper edge cut being at right angles to cut I06 and parallel to the rear end I82, cuts I88 and I88 forming a point I08 at the front tip of each rafter.

The end rafters of each roof panel are transversely apertured at a number of points, and the end tie beams 85 are also provided with a plurality of apertures therethrough for reasons to be developed below, and the panel covering may be apertured to permit the extension therethrough of ventilating ducts (not shown), or the erection dormers, or the like, all at the formed as above described in respect of ordinary I roof panels, but the outer sides are specially formed. The pane1 covering

material comprising layers

88, and 92 is extended laterally and outwardly beyond the rafter 86 as at H2, and a facing molding strip as H4, is permanently edgewise secured to the underside of the panel covering extension 2, projecting downwardly therefrom and spaced from rafter 88 a distance substantially equal to the thickness of end wall 52 to define a downwardly opening, side-wall receiving channel. A strip of flashing material H6 is embedded between the panel covering layers overlying strip H4 and extending around and under the lower end thereof (see Fig. 10). The side walls 52 may be capped by a flashing sheath as H8, and when the end panel is set down over end wall 52, the wall is received within the channel formed by rafter 86 and strip H4. Securement in the field is achieved by the use of nails or spikes I46 through strip I I4, facing 44 and into cross member 38.

After the walls are erected and covered over by the ceiling panels, the addition of base board l3, fioor molding I5 and ceiling moldin I50, completes the interior. These may be removably secured by the use of nails or wood screws, and serve not only to decorate the room, but also to cover any gaps, as I52, which may be created deliberately to compensate for swellings and shrink.

ages, or which may be left due to some slight local irregularity.

The ceiling panels are removably secured atop the front and rear walls by means of spikes or wood screws 88, and the root panels aresecured to the ceiling panels by means of elongated car- 1 riage bolts I54 which pass through registering apertures in the butted together ceiling joists and the abutting roof rafters which also butt against the butted joists. As above mentioned, additiona1 openings I56 are formed in the endmost rafters of each panel, and additional bolts as I58 may be used to further secure the roof panels in side-byside relationship.

In the field erection of my building, the ceiling panels are first secured atop the walls by means of nails, spikes or wood screws 80. The roof panels are then rested at their front ends on the walls and are temporarily supported until the opposing panel on the other side of the roof is aligned therewith and the angled rear tie strips 85, 85 are brought together, and carriage bolts I60 are passed through registering apertures to removably lock same together. A number of king posts I62 may be prepared and rested atop the ceiling joists preferably in line with inner walls as 3| to receive the secured-

together ties

85, 85 within a suitable notch therewithin. Collar beams I64 may also be provided andsecured to aligned ceiling rafters by means of field applied bolts I66. Additional ties as I68 may be used to hold the ceiling joists in alignment, bolts I being used for the removable securement of ties I68 to the ceiling joists. A metal ridge cap I12 of predetermined length, may be removably secured over the ridge crown to top off the roof.

As the roof panels are butted together and flashing-interlocked (see Fig. 8) the upstanding flashings may be crimped together, if desired, to more positively seal the joints against the entrance of rain, snow, or the like.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 4, the ends of the interlocked flashings immediately adjacent the crown of the roof may either be cut away (at the factory or at the field during erection of the building) or they maybe bent over immediately adjacent the crown of the roof to lie flatly against the panels, so as to provide flat, level support on each side of the crown of the roof for the securement thereover of the ridge cap I12.

As shown in Figs, 11, 12 and 13, I preferably provide each of my

roof panels

84, 84 with support for the crown shingling or capping. At the upper end of each

panel

84, 84, I secure a rail 20G disposed between the flashing strips 94, 96 of thickness equal to the height of the flashing strips 94, 96. The rails 280, 288 are preferably a bit shorter in length than the distance between the flashing strips in order to provide working space for the interiitting and interlocking of the flashing hooks (see Fig. 8) and as will be seen in Fig. 13, the end of each rail 200 extends slightly over the upper end of the panel. When opposing pairs of roof panels are raised into position, the bottom edges of the

rails

200, 200 of oppositely disposed panels bear against each other at the crown of the roof, so as to leave a relatively narrow V-' space opening at the verytop of the roof. When all the roof panels have been secured in position, a line of shingling 220, endwise lapped, is laid over the crown of the roof resting flatly upon the tops of the rails 200 and overlying both the interfltted flashing strips and the rails. Shingles 22B are of such width as to extend beyond the margins of the beams 200, and are preferably of flezdble material so that they may be centrally buckled at the crown of the roof and bent down at the ends, permitting ready drainage of rain water, etc., onto the shingles of the pitched roof panels.

This matter of providing proper support for the crown capping or shingling is important in the erection of my building to prevent leakage. The transversely extending rails flush with the flashing strips, provide a support on each side ofthe crown, for the line of endwise

lapped shingles

220, 220, and the extension of the rails 208 beyond the upper end of the panels reduces the V-space at the very crown of the roof leaving relatively little of the shingling unsupported.

Carriage bolts, as I54, may be field-applied through registering apertures to locate the celling rafters with respect to the ceiling joists, and to removably secure the roof panels to the celling panels. A wedge-shaped kick-stop bar I60, of sufficient length preferably to extend across two or more ceiling panels, may be field-laid across the top of the ceiling joists and driven up against the roof rafters 86, at the point where the rafters and joists interfit, and then fixed to the joists at the point of crossing with the rafters as by nails, wood screws, or spikes I82, driven through stop I80 into the

joists

60, 62 and 64. Additional kick-stop bars may be provided to extend the full width of the building, or a single elongated bar may be used instead of a number of shorter bars. A tie-beam I84, extending across several roof panels, may then be set up against the underside of the rafters, bearing against kick stop I88, and spiked, wood-screwed, or nailed to the rafters, as at I86. This kick stop I88 and tie beam I84 arrangement serves not only to help support the roof and keep it from sagging and sliding, but also to keep the joists and rafters in lateral alignment. The kick-stop I80 and tie 40 beam I84 arrangement is very important. They receive and transmit the entire thrust load of the roof, and also relieve the holding bolts I84 from the shearing effect imposed by the roof weight load. The bolts I54 may be inserted through the abutting rafters and joists after the kick-stops and tie-beams are secured in position to align the rafters and joists for securement, or before. The preferable method is to insert the bolts after the kick-stop and tie-beam arrangement is secured. After the bolts I54 are inserted and tightened, additional bolts may be passed through registering apertures in abutting rafters and joists, as desired, to make the securement more positive.

A flller board Ill may then be fitted over against the outer edges of the ceiling rafters, flush with wall covering 50, and a facing board I14 lapping over the joint between filler ill and facing 50 may then be field-applied to complete the outside of the building, and the roof edge flashing 98 nailed to facer I14 to finish the sealing of the building against the elements.

All the carriage bolts used to secure the walls to the foundation, the ceiling panels to each other, and the roof panels to each other and to the ceiling panels, may be removed easily. The roof flashing interfit may be uncrimped and the panels separated without damage. The spikes, wood screws or nails used to secure the ceiling panels to the walls, and to secure the moldings and facings, may all be withdrawn without material damage either thereto or to the panels, moldings or facings.

My building may thus be taken down without damage, moved piecemeal to another site, and at this other site reerected as easily and as quickly as in the first instance. The same wall, ceiling and roof panels-may be used thusly time and time again; the same carriage bolts may be used, as may be the moldings, facings and trim. The interfit and interlock of the ceiling and roof panels, and of the roof panels to each other, may

be readily reduced in order to restore the building as a whole to its panel components.

All the major elements of my building are preor factory-fabricated. Once the piers or columns l4 and sill I6 are in place at the designated site, the floors, walls, ceilings and roof may be erected thereupon as units. The floor panels may have the floor surfacing material factory laid upon the joists; the walls may have the window and door openings factory formed therein, and the wall painting or papering factory completed, and the lighting and plumbing fixtures and electrical outlets may also be factory incorporated, and the roof panels may have their covering materials and decorations factory completed. All the major components of the building of my invention thus lend themselves readily to assemblyline production, for once the size of the ultimate building is determined, the dimensioning of the floor, wall, ceiling and panel units is relatively simple. The walls interfit with the roof, the roof and ceilings interfit, and the final construction is sturdy and as long lived as a conventional building of the same materials.

Having now described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a building construction, a roof comprising a plurality of roof panels disposed and secured in side-by-side relationship, each panel comprising a plurality of paralleland spaced apart rafters, a multiple-layered-facing over one side of the roof panel, a flashing member embedded in said facing along the longitudinal marginal edges. of the panel, projecting upwardly of the panel, the flashing of each panel interfitting with the flashing of the adjacent panel.

2. In a. building construction, a roof comprising a plurality of roof panels disposed and secured in side-by-side relationship, each panel comprising a plurality of parallel and spaced apart rafters, a multiple-layered-facing over one side of the roof :panel, a flashing member embedded in said facing along each longitudinal marginal edge of the panel, projecting upwardly of the panel, the flashing along one edge projecting upwardly, over and inwardly of the panel, and the flashing along the other edge projecting upwardly,

over and outwardly of the panel.

3. In a building construction, a roof comprising a plurality of roof panels disposedand secured in side-by-side relationship, each panel comprising a plurality of parallel and spaced apart rafters, a multiple-layered facing over one side of the roof panel, a flashing member embedded in said facing along each longitudinal marginal edge of the panel, projecting upwardly, over and inwardly of the panel, and the flashing along the other edge projecting upwardly, over and outwardly of the panel, the outwardly extending flashing of one panel fitting over and around the inwardly projecting flashing of an adjacent panel, thereby flashing-interfltting the adjacent panels.

4. In a building construction, a roof comprising a plurality of roof panels disposed and secured in side-by-side relationship, each panel comprising a plurality of parallel spaced apart rafters, a

multiple-layered facing over one side of the roof panel, a flashing member embedded in said facing along the longitudinal marginal edges of the panel, projecting upwardly of the panel, the flashing along one edge terminating in a downwardly opening hook, and the flashing on the other edge terminating in an upwardly opening hook, the flashing of one panel interiltting with the flashing of the adjacent panel.

5. In a'building construction, a roof comprising a plurality of roof panels disposed and secured in side-by-side relationship, each panel comprising a plurality of parallel spaced apart rafters, a multiple-layered facing over one side of the roof panel, a flashing member embedded in said facing along each longitudinal marginal edge of the panel, projecting upwardly of the panel, the flashing along one edge projecting upwardly, over and inwardly of the panel, and terminating in a downwardly opening hook, and the flashing along the other edge projecting upwardly, over and outwardly of the panel, and terminating in an upwardly opening hook, the latter flashing along the edge of one panel enveloping and interfltting with the former flashing along the edge of an adjacent panel.

6. In a building construction, a roof comprising a plurality of roof panels disposed and secured in side-by-side relationship, each panel, including the panels at the ends of the roof, comprising a plurality of parallel and spaced apartrafters, a

multiple-layered facing over one side of each panel, a flashing member embedded in said facing along both longitudinal marginal edges of the panel, projecting upwardly of the panel, the flashing of each panel interfltting with the flashing of the adjacent panel, the end panels having flashing along both longitudinal edges, extending upwardly along the inner edge and downwardly along the outer edge.

' '7. In a building construction, a roof comprising a plurality of panels, each roof panel comprising a plurality of parallel and spaced apart rafters, and a facing over one side of the panel, each roof panel having flashing along the longitudinal marginal edges thereof, the panels being flashing-interlocked with one another, the facing of the endmost panel extending laterally and outwardly therefrom and having a wall receiving groove on the underside thereof, and having flashing extending over and around the extension and up into the groove.

8. In a building construction, a roof component com-prising a plurality of panel members disposed and removably secured in s'ide-by-side relationship, each panel having upwardly projecting flashing strips along each longitudinal marginal edge thereof, and each panel, at the upper end thereof. having crown capping support means flush with the flashing strips, and at an angle thereto, the panels being flashing interlocked with one another.

9. In a building construction as in claim 8, in which the capping support means comprise a rail secured across each panel at the upper end there- 'of between the flashing strips.

10. In a building construction as in claim 8 in which the capping support means comprise a rail secured across each panel at the upper end thereof between the flashing strips, and the rail extends laterally beyond the end of the roof panel.

ms HAROLD CARPENTER.