NO318238B1 - Celle for aluminiumfremstilling, sideveggsfôring i cellen, og fremgangsmate for aluminiumfremstilling - Google Patents
Celle for aluminiumfremstilling, sideveggsfôring i cellen, og fremgangsmate for aluminiumfremstilling Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO318238B1 NO318238B1 NO19975404A NO975404A NO318238B1 NO 318238 B1 NO318238 B1 NO 318238B1 NO 19975404 A NO19975404 A NO 19975404A NO 975404 A NO975404 A NO 975404A NO 318238 B1 NO318238 B1 NO 318238B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte
- lining
- cell
- cryolite
- thickness
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanal Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C=O IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminum fluoride Inorganic materials F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009770 conventional sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
- C25C3/085—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes characterised by its non electrically conducting heat insulating parts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/451,872 US5560809A (en) | 1995-05-26 | 1995-05-26 | Improved lining for aluminum production furnace |
PCT/US1996/007514 WO1996037637A1 (fr) | 1995-05-26 | 1996-05-23 | Revêtement pour fourneaux de production d'aluminium |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO975404D0 NO975404D0 (no) | 1997-11-25 |
NO975404L NO975404L (no) | 1997-11-25 |
NO318238B1 true NO318238B1 (no) | 2005-02-21 |
Family
ID=23794052
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO19975404A NO318238B1 (no) | 1995-05-26 | 1997-11-25 | Celle for aluminiumfremstilling, sideveggsfôring i cellen, og fremgangsmate for aluminiumfremstilling |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5560809A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0828866B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1078267C (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE178105T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU698926B2 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR9608828A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2219890C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69601870T2 (fr) |
NO (1) | NO318238B1 (fr) |
NZ (1) | NZ308879A (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2133302C1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1996037637A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5655961A (en) * | 1994-10-12 | 1997-08-12 | Acres Gaming, Inc. | Method for operating networked gaming devices |
US5560809A (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1996-10-01 | Saint-Gobain/Norton Industrial Ceramics Corporation | Improved lining for aluminum production furnace |
US6258246B1 (en) * | 1998-05-19 | 2001-07-10 | Moltech Invent S.A. | Aluminium electrowinning cell with sidewalls resistant to molten electrolyte |
EP1230435B1 (fr) * | 1999-10-26 | 2004-09-15 | MOLTECH Invent S.A. | Cellule fonctionnant a faible temperature pour extraction electrolytique d'aluminium |
US6719889B2 (en) * | 2002-04-22 | 2004-04-13 | Northwest Aluminum Technologies | Cathode for aluminum producing electrolytic cell |
US6692620B2 (en) * | 2002-04-27 | 2004-02-17 | Moltech Invent S.A. | Aluminium electrowinning cell with sidewalls resistant to molten electrolyte |
US6863788B2 (en) * | 2002-07-29 | 2005-03-08 | Alcoa Inc. | Interlocking wettable ceramic tiles |
FR2857009A1 (fr) * | 2003-04-16 | 2005-01-07 | Sicat | Materiau ceramique a base de carbure de silicium pour utilisation dans des milieux agressifs |
FR2857008B1 (fr) * | 2003-04-16 | 2006-05-19 | Sicat | Materiau ceramique a base de carbure de silicium pour utilisation dans des milieux agressifs |
CN1298891C (zh) * | 2004-04-09 | 2007-02-07 | 清华大学 | 一种铝电解槽侧墙用异型Si3N4结合SiC砖 |
FR2870233B1 (fr) * | 2004-05-14 | 2006-12-01 | Sicat Sarl | PROCEDE DE FABRICATION DE PIECES DE FORME A BASE DE BETA-SiC POUR UTILISATION DANS DES MILIEUX AGRESSIFS |
FR2870536B1 (fr) * | 2004-05-18 | 2006-08-18 | Haasser Produits Refractaires | COMPOSITION DE BASE POUR LA FABRICATION D'OBJETS REFRACTAIRES FACONNES A BASE DE SiC, PROCEDE DE FABRICATION, OBJETS MOULES ET UTILISATIONS CORRESPONDANTES |
WO2008141423A1 (fr) | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-27 | Exploration Orbite Vspa Inc. | Procédés d'extraction de l'aluminium et du fer à partir de minerais alumineux |
CN103534367A (zh) | 2011-03-18 | 2014-01-22 | 奥贝特铝业有限公司 | 从含铝材料中回收稀土元素的方法 |
WO2012149642A1 (fr) | 2011-05-04 | 2012-11-08 | Orbite Aluminae Inc. | Procédés d'extraction d'éléments de terres rares dans divers minerais |
RU2013157943A (ru) | 2011-06-03 | 2015-07-20 | Орбит Элюминэ Инк. | Способ получения гематита |
US9382600B2 (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2016-07-05 | Orbite Technologies Inc. | Processes for preparing alumina and various other products |
EP2802675B1 (fr) | 2012-01-10 | 2020-03-11 | Orbite Aluminae Inc. | Procédés de traitement de boue rouge |
FR2986012B1 (fr) | 2012-01-20 | 2017-12-01 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Cuve d'electrolyse. |
CN104520237B (zh) | 2012-03-29 | 2018-05-01 | 奥佰特氧化铝有限公司 | 处理飞灰的方法 |
US9290828B2 (en) | 2012-07-12 | 2016-03-22 | Orbite Technologies Inc. | Processes for preparing titanium oxide and various other products |
CA2885255C (fr) | 2012-09-26 | 2015-12-22 | Orbite Aluminae Inc. | Procedes pour la preparation d'alumine et de chlorure de magnesium par lixiviation par hcl de divers materiaux |
AU2012394479B2 (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2017-01-05 | Obshchestvo S Ogranichennoy Otvetstvennost'yu "Obedinennaya Kompaniya Rusal Inzhenerno-Tekhnologicheskiy Tsentr" | Lining for an aluminium electrolyzer having inert anodes |
JP2016504251A (ja) | 2012-11-14 | 2016-02-12 | オーバイト アルミナ インコーポレイテッドOrbite Aluminae Inc. | アルミニウムイオンの精製方法 |
RU2668615C2 (ru) * | 2012-12-13 | 2018-10-02 | СГЛ КФЛ ЦЕ Гмбх | Боковой блок для стенки электролизера для восстановления алюминия |
WO2015006331A1 (fr) * | 2013-07-08 | 2015-01-15 | POWELL, Adam, Clayton, IV | Électrolyse propre et efficace d'un métal au moyen d'anodes som |
FR3023301B1 (fr) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-07-01 | Rio Tinto Alcan Int Ltd | Cuve d'electrolyse |
GB2566674A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2019-03-27 | Dubai Aluminium Pjsc | Electrolytic cell for aluminium production, with individual anode drives |
CN108446501A (zh) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-08-24 | 中南大学 | 一种槽帮预测量方法 |
RU2699604C1 (ru) * | 2018-07-17 | 2019-09-06 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Эксперт-Ал" (ООО "Эксперт-Ал") | Способ производства алюминия электролизом расплавленных солей |
Family Cites Families (33)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2915442A (en) * | 1955-11-28 | 1959-12-01 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Production of aluminum |
US2971899A (en) * | 1957-09-10 | 1961-02-14 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of electroplating aluminum |
DE1146259B (de) * | 1960-10-28 | 1963-03-28 | Aluminium Ind Ag | Verfahren zum Auskleiden der Waende der Kathodenwanne einer Aluminium-elektrolysezelle und nach diesem Verfahren hergestellte Kathodenwanne |
US3428545A (en) * | 1962-10-22 | 1969-02-18 | Arthur F Johnson | Carbon furnace electrode assembly |
US3514520A (en) * | 1967-02-01 | 1970-05-26 | Montedison Spa | Linings of electrolysis,remelting,and similar furnaces,containing molten metals,alone or together with molten salts |
NO122559B (fr) * | 1968-09-24 | 1971-07-12 | Montedison Spa | |
US4187344A (en) * | 1978-09-27 | 1980-02-05 | Norton Company | Protective silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride coating for porous refractories |
US4224128A (en) * | 1979-08-17 | 1980-09-23 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Cathode assembly for electrolytic aluminum reduction cell |
US4411758A (en) * | 1981-09-02 | 1983-10-25 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Electrolytic reduction cell |
ATE32107T1 (de) * | 1982-05-10 | 1988-02-15 | Eltech Systems Corp | Aluminium benetzbare materialien. |
US4560448A (en) * | 1982-05-10 | 1985-12-24 | Eltech Systems Corporation | Aluminum wettable materials for aluminum production |
DE3373115D1 (en) * | 1982-05-28 | 1987-09-24 | Alcan Int Ltd | Improvements in electrolytic reduction cells for aluminium production |
FR2537567B1 (fr) * | 1982-12-08 | 1986-07-18 | Savoie Electrodes Refract | Produits refractaires lies par des residus carbones et du silicium metal en poudre et procede de fabrication |
US4529494A (en) * | 1984-05-17 | 1985-07-16 | Great Lakes Carbon Corporation | Bipolar electrode for Hall-Heroult electrolysis |
GB8520453D0 (en) * | 1985-08-15 | 1985-09-18 | Alcan Int Ltd | Aluminium reduction cells |
WO1990001078A1 (fr) * | 1988-07-28 | 1990-02-08 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Procede et appareil de production de metaux par electrolyse |
US4865701A (en) * | 1988-08-31 | 1989-09-12 | Beck Theodore R | Electrolytic reduction of alumina |
SU1650784A1 (ru) * | 1988-09-19 | 1991-05-23 | Богословский Алюминиевый Завод | Способ защиты самообжигающегос анода алюминиевого электролизера от окислени |
US5227045A (en) * | 1989-01-09 | 1993-07-13 | Townsend Douglas W | Supersaturation coating of cathode substrate |
US5158655A (en) * | 1989-01-09 | 1992-10-27 | Townsend Douglas W | Coating of cathode substrate during aluminum smelting in drained cathode cells |
US5028301A (en) * | 1989-01-09 | 1991-07-02 | Townsend Douglas W | Supersaturation plating of aluminum wettable cathode coatings during aluminum smelting in drained cathode cells |
US5006209A (en) * | 1990-02-13 | 1991-04-09 | Electrochemical Technology Corp. | Electrolytic reduction of alumina |
US5286359A (en) * | 1991-05-20 | 1994-02-15 | Reynolds Metals Company | Alumina reduction cell |
DE4118304A1 (de) * | 1991-06-04 | 1992-12-24 | Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag | Elektrolysezelle zur aluminiumgewinnung |
US5279715A (en) * | 1991-09-17 | 1994-01-18 | Aluminum Company Of America | Process and apparatus for low temperature electrolysis of oxides |
DE4201490A1 (de) * | 1992-01-21 | 1993-07-22 | Otto Feuerfest Gmbh | Feuerfestes material fuer elektrolyseoefen, verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung des feuerfesten materials |
EP0633870B1 (fr) * | 1992-04-01 | 1999-11-24 | MOLTECH Invent S.A. | Prevention de l'oxydation de matieres carbonees ou autres aux temperatures elevees |
US5310476A (en) * | 1992-04-01 | 1994-05-10 | Moltech Invent S.A. | Application of refractory protective coatings, particularly on the surface of electrolytic cell components |
US5314599A (en) * | 1992-07-28 | 1994-05-24 | Alcan International Limited | Barrier layer against fluoride diffusion in linings of aluminum reduction cells |
DE69404634D1 (de) * | 1993-03-09 | 1997-09-04 | Moltech Invent Sa | Behandelte kathoden fuer die aluminium erzeugung |
US5320717A (en) * | 1993-03-09 | 1994-06-14 | Moltech Invent S.A. | Bonding of bodies of refractory hard materials to carbonaceous supports |
PL311207A1 (en) * | 1993-04-19 | 1996-02-05 | Moltech Invent Sa | Treated carbonaceous or carbon based cathiodic components of aluminium production plant chambers |
US5560809A (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1996-10-01 | Saint-Gobain/Norton Industrial Ceramics Corporation | Improved lining for aluminum production furnace |
-
1995
- 1995-05-26 US US08/451,872 patent/US5560809A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-05-23 RU RU97121099A patent/RU2133302C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-05-23 BR BR9608828A patent/BR9608828A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-05-23 AT AT96920424T patent/ATE178105T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-05-23 WO PCT/US1996/007514 patent/WO1996037637A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1996-05-23 US US08/930,082 patent/US5876584A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-23 EP EP96920424A patent/EP0828866B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-23 DE DE69601870T patent/DE69601870T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-05-23 CA CA002219890A patent/CA2219890C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-05-23 AU AU58740/96A patent/AU698926B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-05-23 CN CN96194220A patent/CN1078267C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-05-23 NZ NZ308879A patent/NZ308879A/en unknown
-
1997
- 1997-11-25 NO NO19975404A patent/NO318238B1/no unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO975404D0 (no) | 1997-11-25 |
CN1185815A (zh) | 1998-06-24 |
WO1996037637A1 (fr) | 1996-11-28 |
CA2219890C (fr) | 2001-08-14 |
BR9608828A (pt) | 1999-06-15 |
AU698926B2 (en) | 1998-11-12 |
CN1078267C (zh) | 2002-01-23 |
EP0828866B1 (fr) | 1999-03-24 |
DE69601870T2 (de) | 1999-08-26 |
US5560809A (en) | 1996-10-01 |
EP0828866A1 (fr) | 1998-03-18 |
RU2133302C1 (ru) | 1999-07-20 |
ATE178105T1 (de) | 1999-04-15 |
AU5874096A (en) | 1996-12-11 |
NZ308879A (en) | 1998-11-25 |
NO975404L (no) | 1997-11-25 |
DE69601870D1 (de) | 1999-04-29 |
US5876584A (en) | 1999-03-02 |
CA2219890A1 (fr) | 1996-11-28 |
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