NO313147B1 - Fremgangsmåte for styring av produksjonen av en vesentlig ikke-karsinogen restpetroleumfraksjon - Google Patents
Fremgangsmåte for styring av produksjonen av en vesentlig ikke-karsinogen restpetroleumfraksjon Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO313147B1 NO313147B1 NO19934778A NO934778A NO313147B1 NO 313147 B1 NO313147 B1 NO 313147B1 NO 19934778 A NO19934778 A NO 19934778A NO 934778 A NO934778 A NO 934778A NO 313147 B1 NO313147 B1 NO 313147B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- distillation
- boiling point
- carcinogenic
- oil
- residual
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 231100001223 noncarcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 231100000299 mutagenicity Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000007886 mutagenicity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 231100000243 mutagenic effect Toxicity 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003505 mutagenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000611 regression analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 231100000039 Ames test Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010057 rubber processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZNSMNVMLTJELDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether Chemical compound ClCCOCCCl ZNSMNVMLTJELDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010007269 Carcinogenicity Diseases 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 231100000260 carcinogenicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000007670 carcinogenicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000350 mutagenesis Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010953 Ames test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000001992 Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010011906 Death Diseases 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010692 aromatic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000357 carcinogen Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003183 carcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000673 dose–response relationship Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002703 mutagenesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000219 mutagenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000150 mutagenicity / genotoxicity testing Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010690 paraffinic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G21/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
- C10G21/003—Solvent de-asphalting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G53/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes
- C10G53/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only
- C10G53/04—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one extraction step
- C10G53/06—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one extraction step including only extraction steps, e.g. deasphalting by solvent treatment followed by extraction of aromatics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S208/00—Mineral oils: processes and products
- Y10S208/01—Automatic control
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Working-Up Tar And Pitch (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/329,735 US5034119A (en) | 1989-03-28 | 1989-03-28 | Non-carcinogenic bright stock extracts and deasphalted oils |
| PCT/US1991/004497 WO1993000414A1 (en) | 1989-03-28 | 1991-06-25 | Non-carcinogenic bright stock extracts and deasphalted oils and process for the production thereof |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO934778D0 NO934778D0 (no) | 1993-12-22 |
| NO934778L NO934778L (no) | 1994-02-18 |
| NO313147B1 true NO313147B1 (no) | 2002-08-19 |
Family
ID=23286775
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO19934778A NO313147B1 (no) | 1989-03-28 | 1993-12-22 | Fremgangsmåte for styring av produksjonen av en vesentlig ikke-karsinogen restpetroleumfraksjon |
| NO20014179A NO20014179D0 (no) | 1989-03-28 | 2001-08-28 | Ikke-karsinogene lyssmöreoljeekstrakter og avasfalterte oljer |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO20014179A NO20014179D0 (no) | 1989-03-28 | 2001-08-28 | Ikke-karsinogene lyssmöreoljeekstrakter og avasfalterte oljer |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5034119A (da) |
| EP (1) | EP0591218B1 (da) |
| JP (1) | JP3229614B2 (da) |
| AT (2) | ATE224941T1 (da) |
| AU (1) | AU662115B2 (da) |
| DE (1) | DE69132727T2 (da) |
| DK (1) | DK0591218T3 (da) |
| NO (2) | NO313147B1 (da) |
| WO (1) | WO1993000414A1 (da) |
Families Citing this family (29)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5089114A (en) * | 1988-11-22 | 1992-02-18 | Instituto Mexicano Del Petroleo | Method for processing heavy crude oils |
| US5178747A (en) * | 1989-03-28 | 1993-01-12 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Non-carcinogenic bright stock extracts and deasphalted oils |
| EP0816473B1 (en) * | 1991-06-25 | 2002-09-25 | Exxonmobil Oil Corporation | Use of non-carcinogenic bright stock extracts in printing oils |
| US5034119A (en) * | 1989-03-28 | 1991-07-23 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Non-carcinogenic bright stock extracts and deasphalted oils |
| GB2252978A (en) * | 1991-02-21 | 1992-08-26 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Rubber processing oil |
| US5488193A (en) * | 1992-11-06 | 1996-01-30 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Process for reducing polynuclear aromatic mutagenicity by alkylation |
| US6010617A (en) * | 1992-11-13 | 2000-01-04 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Process for producing non-carcinogenic coal-tar-derived products |
| US5601697A (en) * | 1994-08-04 | 1997-02-11 | Ashland Inc. | Demetallation-High carbon conversion process, apparatus and asphalt products |
| US5904760A (en) * | 1996-08-23 | 1999-05-18 | Marathon Ashland Petroleum Llc | Rerefined oil or hydrofinished neutral oil for blending superpave asphalts with low temperature properties |
| FR2753982B1 (fr) * | 1996-10-02 | 1999-05-28 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede catalytique en plusieurs etapes de conversion d'une fraction lourde d'hydrocarbures |
| FR2753985B1 (fr) * | 1996-10-02 | 1999-06-04 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede catalytique de conversion d'un residu petrolier impliquant une hydrodemetallisation en lit fixe de catalyseur |
| FR2753984B1 (fr) * | 1996-10-02 | 1999-05-28 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de conversion d'une fraction lourde d'hydrocarbures impliquant une hydrodemetallisation en lit bouillonnant de catalyseur |
| FR2753983B1 (fr) * | 1996-10-02 | 1999-06-04 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede en plusieurs etapes de conversion d'un residu petrolier |
| US6146520A (en) * | 1997-04-02 | 2000-11-14 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Selective re-extraction of lube extracts to reduce mutagenicity index |
| US6103808A (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 2000-08-15 | Bridgestone Corporation | High aromatic oil and rubber composition and oil extended synthetic rubber using the same |
| GB9904808D0 (en) | 1999-03-02 | 1999-04-28 | Bp Oil Int | Oil treatment process |
| RU2149171C1 (ru) * | 1999-10-06 | 2000-05-20 | Сейфулов Рашид Ваисович | Способ получения масел из малосернистых, и/или сернистых, и/или высокосернистых нефтей |
| RU2163618C1 (ru) * | 1999-10-25 | 2001-02-27 | Казанский государственный технологический университет | Способ фракционирования природных битумов и высоковязких нефтей |
| BRPI0411711B1 (pt) * | 2003-06-23 | 2014-06-24 | Shell Int Research | Processo para a preparação de um óleo base |
| EP1644463A1 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2006-04-12 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Process to prepare a lubricating base oil |
| RU2383582C2 (ru) * | 2004-02-26 | 2010-03-10 | Шелл Интернэшнл Рисерч Маатсхаппий Б.В. | Способ получения смазочного базового масла |
| US9932529B2 (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2018-04-03 | Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. | Process for manufacturing of rubber process oils with extremely low carcinogenic polycyclic aromatics compounds |
| WO2014013399A1 (en) * | 2012-07-14 | 2014-01-23 | Indian Oil Corporation Limited | Process for producing various viscosity grades of bitumen |
| US20140042056A1 (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2014-02-13 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Co-production of heavy and light base oils |
| US8986537B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2015-03-24 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Production of non-carcinogenic brightstock extracts |
| US10451602B2 (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2019-10-22 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Composition and method of screening hydrocarbons to limit potential toxicological hazards |
| FR3053047B1 (fr) * | 2016-06-23 | 2018-07-27 | Axens | Procede ameliore d'hydroconversion profonde au moyen d'une extraction des aromatiques et resines avec valorisation de l'extrait a l'hydroconversion et du raffinat aux unites aval. |
| DK3421572T3 (da) | 2017-06-29 | 2020-11-09 | Neste Oyj | Fremgangsmåde til øgning af benzin- og middeldestillatselektivitet ved katalytisk krakning |
| RU2758852C1 (ru) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-11-02 | Акционерное общество «Управляющая компания «Биохимического холдинга «Оргхим» | Способ получения неканцерогенного высоковязкого пластификатора |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2713023A (en) * | 1952-07-15 | 1955-07-12 | Gulf Oil Corp | Fractionating method and apparatus |
| US3886062A (en) * | 1974-01-14 | 1975-05-27 | Mobil Oil Corp | Method and apparatus for fractionating multi-component feeds |
| US3929626A (en) * | 1974-07-31 | 1975-12-30 | Mobil Oil Corp | Production of lubricating oils blending stocks |
| US3989612A (en) * | 1974-12-26 | 1976-11-02 | The Upjohn Company | Elution device for gel electrophoresis |
| JPS6045225B2 (ja) * | 1976-11-19 | 1985-10-08 | 日石三菱株式会社 | 瀝青組成物 |
| US4261814A (en) * | 1977-11-30 | 1981-04-14 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Vacuum pipestill operation |
| US4239618A (en) * | 1979-05-10 | 1980-12-16 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Twin tower distillation of crude oil |
| CA1112403A (en) * | 1980-05-15 | 1981-11-17 | Canada Printing Ink, A Division Of Reichhold Limited | News ink |
| US4499187A (en) * | 1984-01-30 | 1985-02-12 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Method for evaluating mutagenicity |
| US4869809A (en) * | 1988-05-09 | 1989-09-26 | Uop | Aromatics extraction process control |
| US5034119A (en) * | 1989-03-28 | 1991-07-23 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Non-carcinogenic bright stock extracts and deasphalted oils |
| US5178747A (en) * | 1989-03-28 | 1993-01-12 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Non-carcinogenic bright stock extracts and deasphalted oils |
| KR20110086690A (ko) | 2008-10-30 | 2011-07-29 | 인터내셔널 비지네스 머신즈 코포레이션 | 저장 장치에 데이터 쓰기를 실행하는 방법 및 시스템 |
-
1989
- 1989-03-28 US US07/329,735 patent/US5034119A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-06-25 DK DK92903220T patent/DK0591218T3/da active
- 1991-06-25 EP EP92903220A patent/EP0591218B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-06-25 AT AT97116529T patent/ATE224941T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-06-25 AU AU91555/91A patent/AU662115B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-06-25 AT AT92903220T patent/ATE205521T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-06-25 JP JP50101092A patent/JP3229614B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-06-25 DE DE69132727T patent/DE69132727T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-06-25 WO PCT/US1991/004497 patent/WO1993000414A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1992
- 1992-12-23 US US07/996,293 patent/US5308470A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-12-22 NO NO19934778A patent/NO313147B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-08-28 NO NO20014179A patent/NO20014179D0/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH07501346A (ja) | 1995-02-09 |
| ATE205521T1 (de) | 2001-09-15 |
| NO934778D0 (no) | 1993-12-22 |
| NO20014179D0 (no) | 2001-08-28 |
| ATE224941T1 (de) | 2002-10-15 |
| DK0591218T3 (da) | 2002-01-14 |
| NO934778L (no) | 1994-02-18 |
| EP0591218A4 (en) | 1994-06-22 |
| DE69132727T2 (de) | 2002-08-29 |
| NO20014179L (no) | 1994-02-18 |
| JP3229614B2 (ja) | 2001-11-19 |
| WO1993000414A1 (en) | 1993-01-07 |
| US5308470A (en) | 1994-05-03 |
| AU9155591A (en) | 1993-01-25 |
| AU662115B2 (en) | 1995-08-24 |
| EP0591218B1 (en) | 2001-09-12 |
| DE69132727D1 (de) | 2001-10-18 |
| EP0591218A1 (en) | 1994-04-13 |
| US5034119A (en) | 1991-07-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MK1K | Patent expired |