NO300370B1 - Fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av et poröst glassemne for optiske fibre - Google Patents
Fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av et poröst glassemne for optiske fibre Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO300370B1 NO300370B1 NO903879A NO903879A NO300370B1 NO 300370 B1 NO300370 B1 NO 300370B1 NO 903879 A NO903879 A NO 903879A NO 903879 A NO903879 A NO 903879A NO 300370 B1 NO300370 B1 NO 300370B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- muffle tube
- blank
- carbon
- fluorine
- glass
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 239000005373 porous glass Substances 0.000 title description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 97
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 59
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrafluoride Chemical class F[Si](F)(F)F ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910003910 SiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical class FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 67
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 51
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 26
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910004014 SiF4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910005793 GeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004031 devitrification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- BUMGIEFFCMBQDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorosilicon Chemical compound Cl[Si]Cl BUMGIEFFCMBQDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910006113 GeCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003902 SiCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011276 addition treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- HDNHWROHHSBKJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;furan-2-ylmethanol Chemical compound O=C.OCC1=CC=CO1 HDNHWROHHSBKJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007849 furan resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002296 pyrolytic carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001004 secondary ion mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEXRMSFAVATTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachlorogermane Chemical compound Cl[Ge](Cl)(Cl)Cl IEXRMSFAVATTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ATVLVRVBCRICNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluorosilicon Chemical compound F[Si](F)F ATVLVRVBCRICNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/014—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
- C03B37/01446—Thermal after-treatment of preforms, e.g. dehydrating, consolidating, sintering
- C03B37/0146—Furnaces therefor, e.g. muffle tubes, furnace linings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/014—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/014—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
- C03B37/01446—Thermal after-treatment of preforms, e.g. dehydrating, consolidating, sintering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/08—Doped silica-based glasses doped with boron or fluorine or other refractive index decreasing dopant
- C03B2201/12—Doped silica-based glasses doped with boron or fluorine or other refractive index decreasing dopant doped with fluorine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
- C03B2203/10—Internal structure or shape details
- C03B2203/22—Radial profile of refractive index, composition or softening point
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23237889 | 1989-09-06 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO903879D0 NO903879D0 (no) | 1990-09-05 |
| NO903879L NO903879L (no) | 1991-03-07 |
| NO300370B1 true NO300370B1 (no) | 1997-05-20 |
Family
ID=16938294
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO903879A NO300370B1 (no) | 1989-09-06 | 1990-09-05 | Fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av et poröst glassemne for optiske fibre |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0416614B1 (fi) |
| JP (1) | JP2808857B2 (fi) |
| KR (1) | KR0141593B1 (fi) |
| AU (1) | AU632360B2 (fi) |
| CA (1) | CA2024131A1 (fi) |
| DE (1) | DE69008461T2 (fi) |
| DK (1) | DK0416614T3 (fi) |
| ES (1) | ES2064570T3 (fi) |
| FI (1) | FI92817C (fi) |
| NO (1) | NO300370B1 (fi) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU626362B2 (en) * | 1988-12-29 | 1992-07-30 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Furnace for producing high purity quartz glass preform |
| CA2025880A1 (en) * | 1989-09-25 | 1991-03-26 | Ichiro Tsuchiya | Furnace for production of optical fiber preform |
| JP3060782B2 (ja) * | 1993-06-08 | 2000-07-10 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 高純度透明ガラスの製造方法 |
| DE10020033C2 (de) | 2000-04-22 | 2003-04-03 | Heraeus Quarzglas | Vorrichtung zum Sintern eines Formkörpers |
| JP2002154838A (ja) * | 2000-11-16 | 2002-05-28 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 光ファイバ用ガラス母材の製造方法 |
| KR100577491B1 (ko) | 2004-06-28 | 2006-05-10 | 엘에스전선 주식회사 | 저손실 광섬유 및 그 제조방법 |
| WO2019183014A1 (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2019-09-26 | Corning Incorporated | Method and apparatus for suppressing flow instabilities in an optical fiber draw system |
| NL2020854B1 (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2019-10-02 | Corning Inc | Method and apparatus for suppressing flow instabilities in an optical fiber draw system |
| CN109336102B (zh) * | 2018-11-20 | 2022-04-29 | 骆芳 | 一种石墨散热膜生产用真空碳化炉 |
| JP2023511928A (ja) | 2020-01-24 | 2023-03-23 | コーニング インコーポレイテッド | 光ファイバの延伸炉システムおよび延伸方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1101164A (en) * | 1977-04-30 | 1981-05-19 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for producing fibers for optical transmission |
| AU593724B2 (en) * | 1987-02-16 | 1990-02-15 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Furnace for heating glass preform for optical fiber and method for producing glass preform |
| JPH02196045A (ja) * | 1989-01-23 | 1990-08-02 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 高純度石英母材製造用加熱炉 |
| KR0140210B1 (ko) * | 1989-03-30 | 1998-06-01 | 추네오 나카하라 | 석영모재 제조용 소결로 |
| JPH0710533B2 (ja) * | 1991-08-26 | 1995-02-08 | 三ツ星ベルト株式会社 | 一体発泡成形法 |
-
1990
- 1990-08-13 JP JP2214710A patent/JP2808857B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-09-04 AU AU62133/90A patent/AU632360B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-09-04 CA CA002024131A patent/CA2024131A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-09-05 NO NO903879A patent/NO300370B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-09-06 KR KR1019900014067A patent/KR0141593B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-09-06 FI FI904390A patent/FI92817C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-09-06 DK DK90117181.9T patent/DK0416614T3/da active
- 1990-09-06 DE DE69008461T patent/DE69008461T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-09-06 ES ES90117181T patent/ES2064570T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-09-06 EP EP90117181A patent/EP0416614B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO903879D0 (no) | 1990-09-05 |
| DK0416614T3 (da) | 1994-07-25 |
| AU6213390A (en) | 1991-03-14 |
| KR910006160A (ko) | 1991-04-27 |
| CA2024131A1 (en) | 1991-03-07 |
| DE69008461D1 (de) | 1994-06-01 |
| EP0416614B1 (en) | 1994-04-27 |
| NO903879L (no) | 1991-03-07 |
| KR0141593B1 (ko) | 1998-06-01 |
| FI92817C (fi) | 1995-01-10 |
| FI92817B (fi) | 1994-09-30 |
| FI904390A0 (fi) | 1990-09-06 |
| AU632360B2 (en) | 1992-12-24 |
| JPH03183633A (ja) | 1991-08-09 |
| EP0416614A1 (en) | 1991-03-13 |
| DE69008461T2 (de) | 1994-09-01 |
| ES2064570T3 (es) | 1995-02-01 |
| JP2808857B2 (ja) | 1998-10-08 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM1K | Lapsed by not paying the annual fees |