NO20220402A1 - A building element - Google Patents
A building element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO20220402A1 NO20220402A1 NO20220402A NO20220402A NO20220402A1 NO 20220402 A1 NO20220402 A1 NO 20220402A1 NO 20220402 A NO20220402 A NO 20220402A NO 20220402 A NO20220402 A NO 20220402A NO 20220402 A1 NO20220402 A1 NO 20220402A1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- building
- building element
- sill
- polystyrene plate
- slits
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/292—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and sheet metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
- E04B1/803—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with vacuum spaces included in the slab
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
- E04B1/806—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with air or gas pockets included in the slab
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B1/86—Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/88—Insulating elements for both heat and sound
- E04B1/90—Insulating elements for both heat and sound slab-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/296—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and non-metallic or unspecified sheet-material
Description
A building element
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention is related to a lightweight building element comprising flat bar reinforcements and a method for building a wall using said element.
BACKGROUND
Building elements like prefabricated wall elements, floor elements, balcony floor elements etc. are preferably manufactured using materials having certain material properties relevant for the intended use of the respective elements. Fireproof properties, insulation properties, and thermal expansion coefficients etc. are typical features of building materials. It is often preferable to use "dead" building elements that do not change size with increasing/decreasing temperature.
Some other properties of building elements may be more directed to the ease of handling respective elements on a building site. For example, lightweight elements make it easier to handle elements manually. Ease of cutting elements adapting the element to on-site dimensions may also be of interest.
One important factor is the strength of an element. For example, a floor in a garage needs to be able to withstand high loads from a parked car inside the garage. Wall elements may also be part of a building framework and must therefore be able to support load components from the building itself. The known technique in prior art is to reinforce for example prefabricated concrete elements with steel bars inside the respective elements.
One side effect of this solution is that the weight increases, which makes it necessary to handle the building elements with machinery onsite the building site The cost of making reinforced building elements, and handling of the elements increases. There are examples of fibre-rich materials that has an increased strength. However, the cost of such materials seems to rule out the use of such solutions in the building industry.
Therefore, prefabricating lightweight elements with sufficient strength at a reasonable cost seems to be difficult to achieve. Lightweight elements are often preferred if they fulfil all or at least some other requirements for the use of the element.
DE20007161 U1 discloses a self-supporting balcony floor element made of resin, or a casting material, wherein reinforcements rods or similar arrangement is arranged inside the element and made to withstand calculated load conditions. NO 830913 A1 disclose a balcony floor element comprising an aluminum frame, wherein an underside is made of a fireproof plate or sheet, while the topside is made of a fire-proof material with high thermal conductivity, for example aluminum. Between the topside and the underside, there is an insulating material layer like mineral wool.
SE 1400086 A1 disclose an element for use in walls, as well as floors and especially as balcony floors. The concrete weight of the building element is reduced with 70o/o to 75o/o compared to ordinary prior art building elements. This is achieved by using a kernel of expanded polystyrene (EPS), or mineral wool. The kernel is wrapped in a wire mesh, which then is coated with a mortar having a quality suitable for use in balconies. The patent mention Confix as a preferable material that is based on reinforced concrete. Refer for example to: http://www.magnaprime.com.ph/products/handy-fix/32-products/buildrite/finishings-eifs/190-confix-base-coat/
An important aspect of building elements that can be used when building balconies as well as when balcony floors need to be repaired or changed, due to for example corrosion of reinforcement rods, is the lightweight aspect. However, prior art solutions seem to focus on either the lightweight aspect of building elements, or the strength of the building element, which often ruin the lightweight aspect of the building element.
It is therefore a need of a building element that can be made strong enough with respect to the use of the element as well as being a lightweight element, and provide ease of handling at respective building sites.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a lightweight building element comprising reinforcement flat bars.
The above-described object and several other objects are intended to be obtained in a first aspect of the invention by providing building element comprising a polystyrene plate comprising a body having a defined width, length and height, wherein a plurality of slits is arranged with a distance in between them across the width of a surface of the body of the polystyrene plate, and with a length corresponding to the length of the polystyrene plate, the depth of respective slits is shorter than the height of the body of the polystyrene body, the building element further including respective adapted flat bars which are located inside the plurality of slits.
Such a building element will take care of all functions and elements of a wall in a building, such as top- and bottom sills, studding, insulation, vapour barrier/damp course, and possible also facing or sheathing. The building element forms an excellent basis for coatings of plaster or mortar, plasterboards, facade panels, tiles, fiberboards, panel, etc.
DRAWINGS
The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures, wherein:
Figure 1a is a perspective view of an embodiment of a building element according to the present invention,
Figure 1b is a cross sectional view of the building element shown in Figure 1a, the cross section spanning the short axis of the plate,
Figure 2a is a perspective view of another embodiment of the inventive building element,
Figure 2b is a cross sectional view of the embodiment shown in Figure 2a, along the long axis of the building element, and
Fig. 3 illustrates how a wall may be constructed.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
An aspect of the present invention is to use lightweight building plates like polystyrene (PS) plates and reinforce them with flat bars by arranging slits on one surface side of the PS plate adapted to support the flat bars. The flat bars are preferably made of plywood, but may alternatively be made from polymer materials, such as fiber reinforced plastic, or may even be of metal.
Figure 1a illustrates an example of a polystyrene plate 1 being arranged with a plurality of longitudinal slits 3 supporting elongate flat bars 2. The slits 3 may be arranged on for example a bottom side of the PS building plate 1 as illustrated in Figure 1. The slits extend a certain length inside the body of the PS plate 1.
However, they do not pass through the PS body. The flat bars 2 are inserted into the respective slits 3 in the body of the PS plate and may also be glued to be supported firmly inside respective slits.
The flat bars will support a large part of the load applied to the plate. In order to properly support the load, it is important that the bars keep their flat, straight shape. In case the bars should bend or twist their ability to support the load will diminish. The shape of the bars is supported by the surrounding PS plate, which should be of sufficient strength to avoid bending or twisting of the bars. It is preferred to use PS plates of construction quality, such as extruded polystyrene plates with a compression strength of 300 – 700 kN/m<2>.
A mesh reinforcement 4 can be applied on surfaces of the body of the PS plate 1. In the examples depicted in Figure 1a and 2a, the mesh reinforcement is applied on the top and bottom surfaces of the PS plate, i.e., the large surfaces. In some applications it may be sufficient to use a reinforcement mesh only on the large surface having the flat bars. A cement-based glue can for example be applied onto the mesh reinforcement providing a secure and integral attachment of the mesh with the body of the PS plate 1. The mesh may be made from a polymer material or metal. In case the mesh is made of metal, the mesh may be applied to the plate by first heating the mesh and then placing it onto the plate, by which the mesh will be partly melted into the surface of the plate. Optionally, a layer of glue 8 may be applied onto the surface of the mesh, to even out the surface and provide a good foundation for later application of tiles or other covering materials. The layer of glue may also provide a measure of stability to the mesh.
The mesh reinforcement will distribute the applied load over the surface of the plate and support the flat bars increasing their ability to maintain their shape when loaded.
It is possible to adapt a building element according to the present
invention to many different load requirements, by adjusting respective dimensions of a building element, the number of flat bars used etc.
It is also within the scope of the present invention to adapt shapes of respective flat bars to curvatures arranged inside surfaces of the PS plate 1. The same curvature is applied in making respective slits supporting the respective flat bars.
The plate may also include first connection slits 7 along the long narrow sides of the plate, as shown in the figures. When connecting a plate to an adjacent plate, a flat connection bar 6 may be inserted into the first connection slits 7 of the plates joining them together.
Further, the plate may also include second connection slits 5 along the short narrow sides of the plate. In case the building element is used to form a wall, the second connection slits 5 may engage sills or rails fastened to the floor and ceiling, the sills having the same dimensions as the second connection slits 5 in cross section. The wall may be constructed with a method involving sliding building elements into the sills and fastening with wedges. In some cases, the sills may be dispensed with, and the elements fastened to the ceiling and floor by filling foam into the second connection slits 5.
Fig. 3 illustrates a method for raising a wall in a room using a number of the inventive building elements. The method includes forming a framework of sills and studs supporting the building elements. A top sill 10 is fastened to the ceiling, for instance with screws or nails, and a first vertical stud 12 is connected to an end of the top sill 10 spanning the distance between the top sill and the floor. This first stud 12 may be fastened to a wall or may be free-standing. A bottom sill 11 is fastened to the floor adjacent to one side of the first stud 12. The bottom sill 11 is running beneath the top sill 10, for instance parallel to the top sill but displaced slightly aside of the top sill. A second vertical stud 13 is mounted onto the bottom sill 11 and reaching the ceiling adjacent to the top sill 12. A row of first building elements 1 may then be mounted between the top sill 12 and the floor, whereupon a row of second building elements 1’ may be mounted between the bottom sill 11 and the ceiling, this row standing on the bottom sill being adjacent to the first row of building elements. The building elements 1 in the first row will be overlapping the building elements 1’ in the second row. The degree of juxta positioning, in both the vertical and horizontal directions, will be determined by the cross-sectional dimensions of the studs and sills. Such a double-layered wall will provide additional sound attenuation properties and increased vertical strength.
The building elements 1, 1’ may be glued to the framework, or fastened in any other way found feasible. This method may also be combined with the method described in the previous section, with additional sills or rails engaging the second connection slits 5. The last method may also be used with any type of building element.
Claims (10)
1. A building element comprising a polystyrene plate (1) comprising a body having a defined width, length and height,
characterized in that a plurality of slits (3) is arranged with a distance in between them across the width of a surface of the body of the polystyrene plate (1), and with a length corresponding to the length of the polystyrene plate (1), the depth of respective slits (3) is shorter than the height of the body of the polystyrene plate (1),
the building element further comprising a plurality of flat bars (2) with dimensions corresponding to the slits (3), wherein a respective flat bar (2) is located inside each slit (3).
2. The building element according to claim 1, wherein the flat bars (2) are made from plywood, polymer materials or metal.
3. The building element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flat bars (2) are glued inside the respective slits (3).
4. The building element according to claim 1, wherein the polystyrene plate (1) is an extruded polystyrene plate of construction quality, with a compression strength in the range of 300 – 700 kN/m<2>.
5. The building element according to any of the preceding claims, wherein a mesh reinforcement (4) is arranged on the surface of the polystyrene plate (1).
6. The building element according to claim 5, wherein the mesh reinforcement (4) is made from metal and melted into the surface of the polystyrene plate (1).
7. The building element according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a layer of glue is covering the mesh reinforcement (4).
8. The building element according to any of the preceding claims, further including first connection slits (7) arranged on side surfaces along the length of the polystyrene plate (1).
9. The building element according to any of the preceding claims, further including second connection slits (5) arranged on side surfaces along the short dimension of the polystyrene plate (1), the second connection slits (5) being adapted to engage top and bottom sills fastened to the ceiling and floor of a room, respectively.
10. A method for building a wall in a room using a number of building elements according to claims 1 – 9, the method including
- fastening a top sill (10) to the ceiling of the room,
- mounting a first stud (12) vertically to the top sill (10), the first stud (12) spanning the distance between an under side of the top sill (10) and the floor of the room,
- fastening a bottom sill (11) to the floor adjacent to one side of the first stud (12), the bottom sill (11) running parallel to the top sill (10),
- mounting a second stud (13) vertically onto the bottom sill (11), the second stud (13) spanning the distance between an over side of the bottom sill (10) and the ceiling of the room, the second stud (13) reaching the ceiling adjacent to the side of the top sill (10),
- mounting a first row of building elements (1) under the top sill (10), and
- mounting a second row of building elements (1’) on the bottom sill (11).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO20220402A NO20220402A1 (en) | 2022-04-01 | 2022-04-01 | A building element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO20220402A NO20220402A1 (en) | 2022-04-01 | 2022-04-01 | A building element |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO20220402A1 true NO20220402A1 (en) | 2023-10-02 |
Family
ID=88564017
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO20220402A NO20220402A1 (en) | 2022-04-01 | 2022-04-01 | A building element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| NO (1) | NO20220402A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05171723A (en) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-07-09 | Iwakura Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Heat-insulating material panel as form and interior ground, and method of using such panel |
| RU2584166C1 (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-05-20 | Ивакура Кемикал Индастри Ко., Лтд. | Method of making reinforced foam polystyrene heat insulator, foam polystyrene-reinforced heat insulator and reinforced heat insulation panel using same |
| CN212984343U (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2021-04-16 | 上海岁友建筑科技有限公司 | Energy-saving assembled medical epidemic prevention building wall |
-
2022
- 2022-04-01 NO NO20220402A patent/NO20220402A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05171723A (en) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-07-09 | Iwakura Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Heat-insulating material panel as form and interior ground, and method of using such panel |
| RU2584166C1 (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-05-20 | Ивакура Кемикал Индастри Ко., Лтд. | Method of making reinforced foam polystyrene heat insulator, foam polystyrene-reinforced heat insulator and reinforced heat insulation panel using same |
| CN212984343U (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2021-04-16 | 上海岁友建筑科技有限公司 | Energy-saving assembled medical epidemic prevention building wall |
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